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  • 2000-2004  (6)
  • 1990-1994  (11)
  • 1985-1989  (25)
  • 1965-1969  (6)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum from pregnant women carrying a fetus with neural tube defect is teratogenic for rat embryos in culture (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 96 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Sera from 13 pregnant women carrying a fetus with a neural tube defect, and from 13 control women with normal pregnancies at the same stage of gestation were used in the culture of postimplantation rat embryos. Serum from women with normal pregnancies had no adverse effect on rat embryo growth and development. Serum from 10 of the women with affected fetuses had a deleterious effect on the rat embryos as abnormalities of neural tube closure were observed in 28% of the conceptuses compared to only 1·3% of the embryos cultured in control scrum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1989.tb01573.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Large Arrays of Escape-Suppressed Gamma-Ray Detectors (1994)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science 44 (1994), S. 561-607 
    Details
    ISSN: 0163-8998
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ns.44.120194.003021
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the mystery of the golden angle in phyllotaxis (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 27 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Phyllotaxis, the arrangement of leaves around a stem, shows in the vast majority of cases a regularity in the divergence angle of subsequent leaves which divide the whole circle into regular fractions. These are in most cases rational fractions of two Fibonacci numbers in an alternating series, converging towards the irrational limit of the golden section, corresponding to the golden divergence angle of 137.5  . . . degrees. This peculiarity was a long-standing mystery. Here, it is related to the evolutionary pressure of optimal light capture for maximal photosynthetic activity. A model is established which relates minimal shadowing for the lower leaves to the divergence angle. Numerical results of this model agree well with semi-empirical data on the dependence of light capture from the divergence angle. The basic shadow function of the model is also related with the demand of minimal shadowing for the angular separation of leaves and obtain, using elementary number theory, as solution the golden section. Further numerical studies show that the rational approach to the golden section (Schimper–Braun series) is related to the leaf width and the number of leaves of the plant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2004.01185.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resolution of candidal lesions of the dorsal rat tongue by ketoconazole (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 17 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the mucosal alterations of the dorsal rat tongue produced by Candida albicans infection were reversible upon treatment with the antifungal drug ketoconazole. Following experimentally-produced infection, 17 rats showed clinical evidence of persistent lesions over a period of 20 weeks. Eight of these animals were then treated with ketoconazole daily for 2 weeks (20 mg/kg/day). Appropriate non-infected controls and ketoconazole-only controls were also maintained. Five weeks after the ketoconazole treatment, all animals were killed and the dorsal tongues evaluated clinically and histologically. Control groups showed no abnormalities. Of the 8 animals in the treated-lesion group, all showed lesional resolution, while only 2 of the 9 animals in the untreated-lesion group showed resolution of their lesions (p=0.002). These findings indicate that the epithelial changes produced by this candidal isolate for this period of time are reversible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1988.tb01517.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differences in mucosal reaction related to Candida albicans isolates (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 16 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In order to examine the behavior of Candida albicans in an oral mucosal model, 16 isolates of the organism were collected from a variety of clinical settings and were inoculated weekly, in equal numbers and concentrations, into the mouths of separate groups of 20 female Sprague-Dawley rats. Oral swabs were taken bi-weekly in order to monitor the presence of the yeast. After 16 weeks, the animals were killed and the tongues were examined grossly and histologically. Six isolates demonstrated the ability to produce characteristic dorsal tongue lesions to varying degrees (1/20; 1/20; 1/20; 2/20; 3/20; and 12/20). Of the remaining 10 isolates, 5 showed hyphal penetration of the keratin layer of the dorsal tongue epithelium, yet no mucosal reaction was elicited and no lesion was produced (1/19; 2/19; 4/20; 5/20 and 5/20). These findings support the concept that C. albicans exhibits a spectrum of mucosal pathogenicity for dorsal rat tongue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1987.tb00693.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence of fluconazole-resistant strains of Candida albicans in otherwise healthy outpatients (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 31 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  In contrast to the immunosupressed patient population, the prevalence of fluconazole-resistant strains of Candida albicans among healthy individuals has not been extensively studied.Methods:  Candida species were cultured form 50 healthy outpatients with clinical signs of oral candidiasis. Following one week of the recommended fluconazole regimen, post-treatment cultures were obtained. Both pre- and post-treatment yeasts were identified and in vitro susceptibility testing was performed using the NCCLS M-27A method. Strains were further differentiated using established cDNA probes.Results:  Forty-four patients (88%) had positive C.albicans cultures prior to treatment. Antifungal susceptibility testing of these strains demonstrated no in vitro resistance to fluconazole. At post-treatment evaluation, eight patients (18%) had persistent signs of infection and 10 patients (23%) had positive Candida sp. cultures despite no clinical signs of infection. DNA analysis confirmed that the same C. albicans strain was present both in the pre-treatment and the post-treatment cultures.Conclusions:  Our results showed that the presence of fluconazole-resistant strains of C.albicans does not appear to be prevalent among healthy outpatients furthermore, in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing does not always predict successful therapy in these patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0714.2002.310207.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromium-titanium-antimony oxide composite anodes: Electro-organic oxidations (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 17 (1987), S. 914-924 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract An activated titanium electrode with an oxide layer, composed of a mixture of Cr2O3, TiO2 and Sb2O3 (optimal mole ratio chromium:titanium:antimony about 2∶1∶1) has been fabricated by thermal decomposition of the chlorides on a titanium substrate at 650°C. The black-green layer adheres well and has a thickness in the order of micrometres. Its structure is explained using a pore model, based on SEM, AES and electrochemical results. Service life time of electrodes in 1 M H2SO4 for oxidation of isopropanol in terms of the turn over factor of Cr2O3 is between 100 and 400. Preparative electro-organic oxidation of isopropanol, tetrahydrofuran and ethylbenzene have been performed with current densities of 0.5 to 5 mA cm−2. The current efficiencies for the main products, acetone, γ-butyrolactone and acetophenone are 100, 53 and 20%, respectively. These results parallel those of the homogeneous oxidation with chromic acid in solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01024357
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrodeposition of polypyrrole layers on aluminium from aqueous electrolytes (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 20 (1990), S. 596-605 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A screening of twenty aqueous electrolytes for a film-forming electropolymerization of pyrrole with Al was performed. Electrodeposition of well adhering homogeneous polypyrrole layers on aluminium is possible from aqueous electrolytes containing 0.1–0.8M oxalic acid. Pretreatment of the metal by polishing (PD) or by anodic (galvanostatic) activation (GA) is an essential step. In all cases, the Al2O3 surface layer with pores, usually filled with electrolyte, is transformed to a Al2O3 layer with polypyrrole filled pores. The PPy-layers on Al allow an easy cathodic coating with metals like copper. The hydrogenoxalate doped layers exhibit the ususal redox capacity,y=0.3. The sandwich structure Al/Al2O3/PPy represents a condenser with an unusual composite dielectric with the electronically conducting ‘plates’ Al and PPy. According to our impedance measurements, the PPyin the pores is a high resistivity material due to overoxidation in the course of electropolymerization at high local current densities. The composite, Al2O3/overoxidized PPy, exhibits an unusually high permittivity, in the order of 103.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01008869
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of anodically formed polypyrrole/tungsten trioxide composites (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 23 (1993), S. 957-965 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Composite PPy/WO3 materials were synthesized anodically under various conditions. The cyclovoltammetric switching curves are very close to the blank polypyrrole. The redox behaviour of the filler is only detected through electrochromism, leading to a yellow grey colour at +0.4 V vs SCE and to a green surface at −0.6 V. For overoxidation of the composite, a degree of overoxidation Y = 5 is found, the same as for the matrix alone. Photoelectrochemical response is due to the conducting polymer at negative potentials and even at 0 V vs SCE. A strong effect at positive potentials is due to the WO3 pigment. From this, a flat band potential of +0.15 V vs SCE is determined for aqueous 0.1 m LiClO4. Some non-electrochemical properties are also reported. Surface roughness increases with increasing WO3 concentration, but for thicker layers, from MeCN, it decreases. SEM micrographs reveal homogeneous distribution of WO3. Large secondary particles are observed in NBu4BF4 electrolyte. True and nominal thicknesses differ by up to a factor 1.65 due to the porous structure and this explains differences between densities measured by the flotation and the jump method. X-ray diffraction analysis exhibits unchanged WO3-lines, but no PPy-lines due to the amorphous character. The conductivity of the composite from MeCN is much lower than expected by the volume filling of the WO3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266116
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrocatalytic deposition of polypyrrole in the presence of bromide (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 22 (1992), S. 332-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Bromide ions (typicallyc=1 mM) are oxidized in acetonitrile electrolytes at platinum anodes in two steps, well separated by about 300 mV, leading to tribromoanions1 and to bromine2, respectively. These basic electrochemical reactions interfere quite differently with pyrrole3, typicallyc=0.1-0.01 M, added to the system.1 oxidizes3 to bromopyrroles, indicated by an amplification of the limiting current density of the first wave by a factor of three. No polypyrrole is deposited. In the course of the second wave,2 oxidizes3 to the radical cation4. The rate determining step in the formation of polypyrrole is a dimerization of4 moieties, and the strong electrostatic shielding effect via complexation of1 with4 leads to a catalytic enhancement of the polymerization rate by more than a factor of 10 with respect to conventional systems. Regeneration of1 in the course of these processes gives a large current amplification in the second wave. The overall reaction leads to polypyrrole, which forms an electrode coating. The material has improved properties, for example electronic conductivities above 100 S cm−1. The current efficiency is nearly 100%, but only if the convection is weak. This ‘negative stirring effect’ is discussed in detail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01092685
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