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  • 2000-2004  (1)
  • 1990-1994  (5)
  • 1965-1969  (1)
  • 1960-1964
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (6)
  • Risikofaktoren
  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0423
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Mammakarzinommetastase ; Maligner intraokulare Tumor ; Inzidenz ; Risikofaktoren ; Frühzeitige Therapie ; Key words Breast Cancer Metastasis ; Intraocular Tumor ; Incidence ; Risk Factors ; Early Treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Background: The breast cancer metastasis is the most common intraocular tumor in females. Aim of this study was to determine incidence and risk factors for intraocular metastasis and to evaluate the benefit of an early treatment. Patients and Methods: 151 patients suffering from metastastic breast cancer were screened for the presence of intraocular metastasis. The medical history and the tumor status at the time of screening were evaluated and risk factors for intraocular metastasis were determined. In case of choroidal metastasis external beam radiotherapy was performed. Results: Intraocular metastasis was found in 7 out of 151 patients screened (4.6%). In one patient metastasis was located in the iris, in 6 patients in the choroid. Intraocular metastasis was only found in patients with more than one other organ system involved into disease (p=0.002). In this subgroup of patients (n=65) prevalence of intraocular metastasis was 10,8%. Other risk factors for intraocular metastasis were presence of lung metastasis or brain metastasis. In 5 out 6 patients with choroidal metastasis external beam radiotherapy was performed, resulting in durable regression of metastasis and stabilization or improvement of visual acuity. Conclusion: The prevalence of intraocular metastasis in metastatic breast cancer was determined to be 4.6%. It is most commonly located in the choroid and develops in the course of advanced metastastic disease. Since early external beam radiotherapy of choroidal metastasis prevents functional loss, patients at risk should be given an ophthalmological screening for intraocular metastasis.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Die Mammakarzinommetastase ist der häufigste maligne intraokulare Tumor der Frau. Ziel der Untersuchung war die Bestimmung der Inzidenz, die Identifizierung von Risikofaktoren bezüglich des Auftretens sowie die Bewertung des Nutzens einer frühzeitigen Therapie dieser zunächst überwiegend asymptomatischen Tumormanifestation. Patienten und Methode: 151 Patientinnen mit metastasiertem Mammakarzinom wurden auf das Vorliegen intraokularer Metastasen untersucht. Die Tumoranamnese sowie der Tumorstatus zum Untersuchungszeitpunkt wurden erfasst um Risikofaktoren für eine intraokulare Metastasierung zu bestimmen sowie die Inzidenz derselben zu berechnen. Im Falle einer Aderhautmetastasierung wurde eine perkutane Strahlentherapie durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: Bei 7 von 151 untersuchten Patientinnen (4,6%) wurde eine intraokulare Metastasierung gefunden. In einem Fall bestand eine Irismetastase, bei 6 Patientinnen bestanden Aderhautmetastasen. Nur bei Patientinnen, bei denen mehr als ein Organsystem von einer Metastasierung betroffen war, fanden sich intraokulare Metastasen (p=0,002). In dieser Untergruppe der Patientinnen mit mehr als einem betroffenen Organsystem (n=65) betrug die Prävalenz der intraokularen Metastasierung 10,8%. Als weitere Risikofaktoren für das Auftreten intraokularer Metastasen konnten das Vorhandensein von Lungen- sowie von Hirnmetastasen identifiziert werden. Die bei 5 der 6 Patientinnen mit Aderhautmetastasierung durchgeführte perkutane Strahlentherapie führte zu einer Regression der Metastasen und zu einer dauerhaften Stabilisierung oder Besserung des Visus. Schlussfolgerung: Die Prävalenz der intraokularen Metastasierung beim metastasierten Mammakarzinom konnte mit 4,6% bestimmt werden. Sie betrifft meistens die Aderhaut und tritt im Rahmen einer Metastasierung in multiple Organsysteme auf. Da eine frühzeitige perkutane Strahlentherapie einen Funktionsverlust verhindert, sollten bei Risikopatienten gezielte ophthalmologische Untersuchungen erfolgen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The structure and activity of a protein molecule are strongly influenced by the extent of hydration of its cavities. This is, in turn, related to the free energy change on transfer of a water molecule from bulk solvent into a cavity. Such free energy changes have been calculated for two cavities in a sulfate-binding protein. One of these cavities contains a crystallo graphically observed water molecule while the other does not. Thermodynamic integration and perturbation methods were used to calculate free energies of hydration for each of the cavities from molecular dynamics simulations of two separate events: the removal of a water molecule from pure water, and the introduction of a water molecule into each protein cavity. From the simulations for the pure water system, the excess chemical potential of water was computed to be -6.4 ± 0.4 kcal/mol, in accord with experiment and with other recent theoretical calculations. For the protein cavity containing an experimentally observed water molecule, the free energy change on hydrating it with one water molecule was calculated as -10.0 ± 1.3 kcal/mol, indicating the high probability that this cavity is occupied by a water molecule. By contrast, for the cavity in which no water molecules were experimentally observed, the free energy change on hydrating it with one water molecule was calculated as 0.2 ± 1.5 kcal/mol, indicating its low occupancy by water. The agreement of these results with experiment suggests that thermodynamic simulation methods may become useful for the prediction and analysis of internal hydration in proteins.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 28 (1990), S. 75-87 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Wholly aromatic liquid crystalline main chain polyesters derived from terephthalic acid, phenyl- or (1-phenylethyl)hydroquinone modified with either 3,4′- or 4,4′-dicarboxydiphenylether and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, have been prepared by acidolysis and thermally investigated. All prepared polyesters exhibit excellent thermal stability up to about 400°C, however, the (1-phenylethyl)hydroquinone polyesters generally showed lower stability. Melting points could be decreased to around 200°C without any decrease in the thermal stability or the nematic range.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 45 (1994), S. 206-206 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 30 (1992), S. 315-324 
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: cellulose/NH3/NH4SCN system, lyotropic mesophases of ; phase equilibria in cellulose/NH3/NH4SCN system, mesophase occurrence in ; anisotropic and mesophase formation in cellulose/NH3/NH4SCN ; Solvent systems ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Mesophase formation of the cellulose/NH3/NH4SCN system has been studied as a function of system composition at 25°C. Compositions for incipience of mesophase formation and for wholly anisotropic phase formation have been determined and relevant phase diagrams constructed. The biphasic gap narrowed when the solvent composition approached 75.5 weight percent NH4SCN and as the cellulose concentration decreased. As solvent composition was changed, the minimum cellulose volume fraction for mesophase formation ranged between 0.02 to 0.045.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 39 (1990), S. 169-177 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Porous beads have been prepared by suspension polymerization of acrylic monomers and divinyl benzene in the presence of a porogen. The porosity varies greatly with the polymer composition, with the amount and type of porogen and with the conditions for the preparation. The enzyme binding capacity and activity has been determined for a lipase. The best results are found for crosslinked poly(methyl methacrylate) beads while other polyacrylates are less effective. Compositions based on poly(methacrylic acid) are not suitable for enzyme binding.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Letters 6 (1968), S. 233-240 
    ISSN: 0449-2986
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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