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  • 2000-2004  (1)
  • 1990-1994  (2)
  • nocodazole  (2)
  • Discriminative stimulus  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex differences in nicotine substitution to a pentylenetetrazol discriminative stimulus during ethanol withdrawal in rats (2000)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 149 (2000), S. 235-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Key words Sex differences ; Nicotine ; Pentylenetetrazol ; Discriminative stimulus ; Ethanol withdrawal ; Anxiety
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Rationale: Nicotine and ethanol are frequently co-abused in men and women, but few studies compare common stimulus effects produced by these substances between males and females. Objectives: This study compared the anxiety-like behavior induced by nicotine prior to and during ethanol withdrawal in intact male, sham-operated female, and ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Methods: Using an animal model of anxiety, the pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) drug-discrimination assay, rats were trained to discriminate PTZ (16 mg/kg, i.p.) from saline and were subjected to the following tests: (1) PTZ-lever selection at 12 h after termination of ethanol diet (4.5% for 10 days); (2) dose–response tests for nicotine (0.08– 1.3 mg/kg) prior to ethanol and 1.5, 6, and 7 days after ethanol withdrawal. Results: (1) During acute ethanol withdrawal (12 h), more male rats (43.4%) responded on the PTZ lever than OVX (29%) or sham female (15.3%) rats. (2) For nicotine dose–response tests, more male rats (70%) selected the PTZ lever than OVX (37.5%) or sham female (50%) rats prior to ethanol. At 1.5 days, nicotine fully generalized to the PTZ stimulus in male (100%) and OVX (90%), but only partially in sham female (50%) rats. At 6 days and 7 days after ethanol withdrawal, the PTZ-lever selection decreased, but more male rats (78%) tended to respond on a PTZ lever than OVX (63.6%) or sham female rats (62.5%). Conclusions: Acute nicotine produces anxiety-like behavior similar to that of PTZ in male and female rats, and this effect of nicotine is intensified during ethanol withdrawal in male and OVX rats, but not in sham female rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130000392
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amino acid alterations in the benA (β-tubulin) gene of Aspergillus nidulans that confer benomyl resistance (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 22 (1992), S. 170-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: nocodazole ; carbendazim ; antimicrotubule agents ; thiabendazole ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We report the cloning and sequencing of 18 mutant alleles of the benA, β-tubulin gene of Aspergillus nidulans that confer resistance to the benzimidazole antifungal, antimicrotubule compounds benomyl, carbendazim, nocodazole, and thia-bendazole. In 12 cases, amino acid 6 was changed from histidine to tyrosine or leucine. In four cases, amino acid 198 was changed from glutamic acid to aspartic acid, glutamine, or lysine. In two cases, amino acid 200 was altered from phenylalanine to tyrosine. These data, along with previous data indicating that amino acid 165 is involved in the binding of the R2 group of these compounds [Jung and Oakley, 1990: Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 17:87-94], suggest that regions of β-tubulin containing amino acids 6, 165, and 198-200 interact to form the binding site of benzimidazole antimicrotubule agents. These results also suggest that the presence of phenylalanine at amino acid 200 contributes to the great sensitivity of many fungi to benzimidazole antimicrotubule agents. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970220304
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of an amino acid substitution in the benA, β-tubulin gene of Aspergillus nidulans that confers thiabendazole resistance and benomyl supersensitivity (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 17 (1990), S. 87-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: benzimidazole ; anti-microtubule agents ; carbendazim ; nocodazole ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We are using molecular genetic techniques to identify sites of interaction β-tubulin with benzimidizole anti-microtubule agents. We have developed a marker-rescue technique for cloning mutant alleles of the benA, β-tubulin gene of Aspergillus nidulans and have used the technique to clone two mutant benA alleles, benA16 and benA19. These are the only A. nidulans alleles known to confer resistance to the benzimidazole antimicrotubule agent thiabendazole and supersensitivity to other benzimidazole antimicrotubule agents including benomyl and its active breakdown product, carbendazim. benA16 has been shown, moreover, to reduce thiabendazole binding to β-tubulin. We have sequenced the two mutant alleles and have found that they carry different nucleotide changes that cause the same single amino acid substitution, valine for alanine at amino acid 165. Since thiabendazole and carbendazim differ at only one side chain, the R2 group, we conclude that the region around amino acid 165 is involved in the binding of the R2 group of benzimidazole antimicrotubule agents to β-tubulin.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970170204
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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