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  • 2000-2004
  • 1985-1989  (19)
  • 1965-1969  (7)
  • 1940-1944
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (20)
  • Drug discrimination  (2)
  • chemotherapy  (2)
  • radiometry  (2)
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Material
Years
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-altitude aircraft measurements of upwelling IR radiance: Prelude to FTIR from geosynchronous satellite (1988)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 95 (1988), S. 439-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: interferometry ; spectroscopy ; Fourier transform ; atmospheric remote sensing ; radiometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract An aircraft version of the high-resolution interferometer sounder (HIS), a Fourier transform spectrometer designed for meteorological applications, has been used to measure the upwelling infrared emission of the earth with a resolving power on the order of 1000. HIS measurements from high-altitude NASA research aircraft have demonstrated that the high radiometric accuracies required for atmospheric temperature and humidity sounding (1°C absolute brightness temperature and 0.1° C RMS reproducibility) can be achieved. Calibration is accomplished using periodic views of two onboard high-emissivity blackbodies, servo controlled to 300 K and 240 K. For an interferometer, this approach relies on careful optical design and alignment to avoid unknown dependence of the responsivity on optical path difference. The aircraft model is a successful prototype for spacecraft versions for weather and climate monitoring.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01349804
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observation of upwelling radiation by SCRIBE (1988)
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 95 (1988), S. 433-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Keywords: atmospheric spectra ; radiometry ; cryogenic instruments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The SCRIBE (Stratospheric CRyogenic Interferometer Balloon Experiment) system was flown August 10, 1986, over eastern New Mexico. Because the SCRIBE sensor is a liquid nitrogen cooled interferometer, absolute radiance data were obtained with good resolution (0.1 cm−1) and high sensitivity. The normal field of view was reduced to ~0.2° (80 m on the ground) by a 12′' Dall-Kirkham telescope, and was steered by remote control using television cameras boresighted with the infrared sensor. The stabilized viewing allowed “staring” at selected features for considerable periods of time. The data sets thus include spectra of different terrain features, as well as substantially different atmospheric paths to one feature. Both the data and the SCRIBE equipment are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01349803
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavioral and physiological detection of classically-conditioned blood pressure reduction (1988)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 95 (1988), S. 25-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Hypertension ; Spontaneously hypertensive rat ; Blood pressure ; Clonidine ; Alpha-2 noradrenaline receptor ; Classical conditioning ; Drug discrimination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats were trained to discriminate the effects of saline injection from the interoceptive stimuli associated with the blood-pressure-reducing effect of clonidine (0.02 mg/kg, IP) in a drug discrimination procedure. Anise/ethanol and ethanol odors were then systematically paired with clonidine and saline treatment, respectively, outside the drug discrimination setting. As the number of pairings increased, the anise/ethanol (but not the ethanol) stimulus, when given alone, came to both reduce blood pressure and to mimic clonidine's interoceptive stimulus to virtually the same extent as clonidine itself. Both responses induced by the conditioned stimulus (CS+; anise/ethanol odor) were antagonized by the noradrenergic alpha-2 receptor antagonist yohimbine at a dose that did not by itself influence blood pressure. These data support the hypothesis that activation of endogenous factors can be elicited by a CS, and that these factors may furthermore act agonistically at central alpha-2 receptors to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212760
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The interoceptive discriminative stimuli induced by the novel putative anxiolytic TVX Q 7821: behavioral evidence for the specific involvement of serotonin 5-HT1A receptors (1987)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 91 (1987), S. 25-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Anxiolytic ; Behavior ; Drug discrimination ; 5-HT1A ; Rats ; Serotonin ; TVX Q 7821
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract TVX Q 7821 is active in several behavioral models of anxiety in animals and has a high selective affinity for brain serotonin 5-HT1A receptors in binding assays. In order to determine if interaction with 5-HT1A receptors is important for some of the behavioral effects of this compound, 11 rats were trained to reliably discriminate the interoceptive stimuli induced by TVX Q 7821 (10 mg/kg, IP) from those of saline. Following discrimination acquisition, TVX Q 7821 administration resulted in drug-appropriate responding with an ED50 of 1.5 mg/kg, as did other substances with high affinity for the 5-HT1A receptor: 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)-tetralin (8-OH-DPAT, ED50=0.16 mg/kg), 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-OMe-DMT, ED50=2.5 mg/kg), and buspirone (ED50=5.4 mg/kg). Anxiolytics not acting via the 5-HT1A receptor, like diazepam and pentobarbital, did not induce full TVX Q 7821-appropriate responses. In addition, non-selective 5-HT agonists and antagonists such as bufotenin, quipazine, and methysergide, as well as substances with high affinity for the 5-HT1B receptor (m-trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine, TFMPP; 5-methoxy-3(1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole succinate, RU 24969) did not substitute for TVX Q 7821. These data support a selective 5-HT1A mechanism of action in vivo for TVX Q 7821 and indicate the suitability of TVX Q 7821 for the investigation of behavioral correlates of the 5-HT1A receptor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690921
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cerebral primitive neuroectodermal tumors in childhood (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 6 (1988), S. 233-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: brain neoplasms ; primitive neuroectodermal tumor ; radiation therapy ; chemotherapy ; craniotomy ; children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A series of 17 infants and children with cerebral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) detected by computed tomography is presented. The pertinent literature is reviewed. Because of ongoing nosological difficulty, we include in this series only those tumors which are located in the cerebral hemisphere, and are composed of predominantly undifferentiated neuroepithelial tumor with or without glial or neuronal differentiation. The prognosis of the patients with cerebral PNETs remains poor despite treatment including surgical resection, radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy. Only two patients had a long term survival more than 4 years in this series. The histological features and the extent of surgical resection did not influence the patients survival. Nevertheless, visible total resection afforded better control of local disease of the primary site, but remote metastases along the cerebrospinal fluid pathway were frequent at relapse. The patients with crebral PNETs appear to be best treated with radical gross total resection, postoperative radiation therapy including irradiation to the neuraxis and aggressive chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00163707
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduced cellular immunity to varicella zoster virus during treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia of childhood:In Vitro studies of possible mechanisms (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of clinical immunology 6 (1986), S. 472-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2592
    Keywords: Varicella zoster virus ; leukemia ; immunosuppression ; chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To determine the effect of antileukemic therapy on preexisting immunity to varicella zoster virus, we studied 20 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia maintained in complete continuous remission for greater than 1 year. Cellular immunity was tested by lymphocyte proliferation in response to varicella antigen. Antiviral antibody was measured using the fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen technique. Reduced lymphocyte proliferation was found in 9 of 16 seropositive patients when compared to an age-related control group. On the other hand, antibody titers in patients receiving chemotherapy remained positive and were essentially unchanged from pretreatment values. Shingles occurred in two of nine children with diminished and none of seven patients with normal cellular immunity, suggesting that proliferative responses to varicella antigen may have predicative value in identifying patients at risk for viral reactivation. Additional studies were done to determine if defective antigen presentation or reduced lymphocyte responder-cell frequency could account for the subnormal proliferative responses. Intact presentation of varicella antigens by patient mononuclear cells to parental, virus-specific T-cell blasts suggested that antigen processing was not defective. However, varicella-specific responder-cell frequencies measured by limiting dilution analysis were found to be depressed in most patients, including some with normal proliferative responses. Our findings indicate that therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children can be associated with depressed cell-mediated immunity to varicella zoster virus even though patients remain seropositive. Further studies suggest that while monocyte-mediated antigen presentation remains intact, virus-specific lymphocyte numbers decline and probably contribute to decreased cellular immunity to varicella zoster virus in children being treated for leukemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00915253
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular organization and peritrophic membrane formation in the cardia (Proventriculus) of Drosophila melanogaster (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 196 (1988), S. 253-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The peritrophic membrane of Drosophila melanogaster consists of four layers, each associated with a specific region of the folded epithelial lining of the cardia. The epithelium is adapted to produce this multilaminar peritrophic membrane by bringing together several regions of foregut and midgut, each characterized by a distinctively differentiated cell type. The very thin, electron-dense inner layer of the peritrophic membrane originates adjacent to the cuticular surface of the stomadeal valve and so appears to require some contribution by the underlying foregut cells. These foregut cells are characterized by dense concentrations of glycogen, extensive arrays of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and pleated apical plasma membranes. The second and thickest layer of the peritrophic membrane coalesces from amorphous, periodic acid-Schiff-positive material between the microvilli of midgut cells in the neck of the valve. The third layer of the peritrophic membrane is composed of fine electron-dense granules associated with the tall midgut cells of the outer cardia wall. These columnar cells are characterized by cytoplasm filled with extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum and numerous Golgi bodies and by an apical projection filled with secretory vesicles and covered by microvilli. The fourth, outer layer of the peritrophic membrane originates over the brush border of the cuboidal midgut cells, which connect the cardia with the ventriculus.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051960302
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogenetic diversity of cellular organization in the cardia of muscoid flies (diptera: Schizophora) (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 202 (1989), S. 435-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In each of 30 dipteran species, representing 13 acalyptrate and 7 calyptrate families, the cardia is formed from specialized cells at the junction between foregut and midgut. Foregut epithelium forms the stomodeal valve; midgut epithelium envelops the valve to form the cardia's outer wall. Cytological characteristics within these epithelia differ from region to region and from species to species. Since the cardia secretes the peritrophic membrane, cardias with diverse patterns of cellular differentiation may be expected to produce peritrophic membranes with similarly diverse properties. Close relatives often share more details of cardia structure than do distantly related taxa. Within the monophyletic Calyptratae, a common pattern of cellular differentiation includes three distinct zones of columnar midgut cells enclosing a flanged stomodeal valve. Among species in the paraphyletic Acalyptratae, midgut typically includes a single zone of tall columnar cells, while the valve may be spheroidal, cylindrical, conical, or flanged. The correlation of phylogenetic distance with divergence in cardia organization implies a strong influence of ancestry upon current structure, regardless of current diet. However, at least some of the observed diversity in cardia structure is associated with dietary divergence. Calyptrate flies with derived blood-feeding behavior display cellular differentiation that is simplified from that seen in calyptrate relatives with less specialized feeding habits. This evolutionary modification suggests that cardia organization and hence peritrophic membrane structure can adapt to dietary changes, with possible significance for the spatial organization of digestive processes and interactions with ingested microorganisms.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052020310
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology of the kidney of adult bowfin, Amia calva, with emphasis on “renal chloride cells” in the tubule (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 196 (1988), S. 137-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The nephron of adult bowfin, Amia calva, was described using light and electron microscopic techniques. The kidney of the bowfin possesses an abundant supply of renal corpuscles with each consisting of a glomerulus and a Bowman's capsule of visceral (podocyte) and parietal layers. No juxtaglomerular apparatus is present. The epithelium of the tubule is continuous with the parietal epithelium and is divisible in descending order into neck, first proximal, second proximal, first distal, second distal, and collecting segments. The tubules drain into a complex system of collecting ducts that ultimately unite with the main excretory duct, the archinephric duct. Mucous cells are the dominant cell throughout the entire ductular system. Nephrostomes are dispersed along the kidney capsule.The neck segment has a ciliated epithelium, and while both proximal segments possess a prominent brush border, the fine structure of the first implies involvement in protein absorption and the second in the transport and reabsorption of solutes. The cells of the first distal segment are characterized by deep infolding of the plasma membrane and a rich supply of mitochrondria suggesting the presence of a mechanism for ion transport. The second distal segment is composed of cells resembling the chloride cells of fishes and these cells are present in progressively decreasing numbers in the collecting segment and duct system so that only a few are present in the epithelium of the archinephric duct. The “renal chloride cells” possess an abundant network of smooth tubules and numerous mitochondria with a rich supply of cristae. Glycogen is also a conspicuous component of these cells. The presence of “renal chloride cells” in this freshwater holostean, in other relatively primitive freshwater teleosts, and in larval and adult lampreys is discussed with reference to both phylogeny and the need for a special mechanism for renal ion conservation through absorption.
    Additional Material: 25 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051960204
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specialized cytoskeletal elements in mammalian eggs: Structural and biochemical evidence for their composition (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 13 (1989), S. 104-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: embryo ; hamster ; detergent extraction ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Mammalian eggs and embryos contain an extensive detergent-resistant cytoskeletal network, including many elements which have been referred to as sheets in hamster eggs. In this study we examined the structure of the sheet-like components by using embedment-free sections and freeze-fracture electron microscopy and found that the sheets are composed of both filamentous and particulate components. In addition, exposure to a high salt extraction medium resulted in the disappearance of the sheets at the ultrastructural level. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the cell fractions revealed four stainable proteins solubilized by the high salt extraction with one of the proteins being greatly enriched. Because these cytoskeletal sheets undergo an extensive reorganization coincident with key events during early development they serve as internal markers for the establishment of polarity and subsequent differentiation of the first embryonic epithelium, the trophectoderm.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970130205
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