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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemically etched micromirrors in silicon (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 52 (1988), S. 836-837 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Purposely introduced pinholes can be processed so as to produce nearly spherical or paraboloidal depressions in (100) silicon by a two-step chemical etching procedure in KOH:water solutions. Regular arrays of f/1–f/10 specularly reflecting micromirrors can be fabricated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99300
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FRACTALS AND THE RIVER-LENGTH CATCHMENT-AREA RATIO (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 24 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: : The fractal nature of stream-length and catchment-area measurement is investigated using eight rivers in Missouri. The fractal dimension for the length measurement was found to average 1.158 and for area to average 1.0105. These values are close to those hypothesized by Mandeibrot (1983).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1988.tb03005.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence and quantity of dehydroalanine in histidine ammonia-lyase from Pseudomonas putida (1985)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 24 (1985), S. 301-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00323a010
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The potassium channel: Structure, selectivity and diffusion (2000)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 112 (2000), S. 8191-8204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We employ the entire experimentally determined protein structure for the KcsA potassium channel from Streptomyces lividans in molecular dynamics calculations to observe hydrated channel protein structure, ion solvation, selectivity, multiple ion configurations, and diffusion. Free energy perturbation calculations display a significant ion discrimination of ∼9 kT in favor of the larger K+ ion. The protein forming the channel is very flexible yet is unable to fully solvate the Na+ ion because of its smaller size and large solvation energy. There is evidence that acidic and basic sidechains may dissociate in the presence of multiple K+ ions to explain experimental ion density maps. K+ diffusion is found to vary from approximately 10%–90% of bulk, supporting the high channel currents observed experimentally. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.481420
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trailing vortices in a free-surface flow (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 14 (2002), S. 827-838 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The free-surface effect on two-dimensional flow structures, especially on the trailing vortices, is investigated numerically in this paper. The solution procedure employs a higher-order semi-implicit projection method. The numerical results have been compared with experimental data on wave elevation disturbed by a submerged translating hydrofoil with a positive angle of attack. The schematic computations reveal some interesting and unique characteristics of the trailing-vortex development in a laminar flow beneath a free surface. Based on the computational data, an empirical Strouhal–Reynolds–Froude number relationship is proposed for the purely laminar vortex shedding in a free-surface flow. Moreover, the numerical findings also indicate that the presence of a free surface accelerates the Strouhal vortex frequency, yet delays not only the onset of a large-scale Kármán instability but also the occurrence of transitional behaviors. The shedding frequency downshifts drastically or even becomes discontinuous when the secondary vortex grows on the suction side. A metastable transition frequency emerges at the same time and becomes distinct with increasing Reynolds number. The variation of the vortex-shedding Strouhal number with respect to both Reynolds and Froude numbers is obtained. The power spectra of the trailing wake consist of harmonics of the vortex-shedding and transition frequencies (mfs,nft), as well as their combinations (mfs±nft). © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1432320
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scattering of surface waves by a semi-infinite floating elastic plate (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 13 (2001), S. 3215-3222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new inner product is developed based on the Fourier analysis to study the scattering of surface waves by a floating semi-infinite elastic plate in a two-dimensional water domain of finite depth. The eigenfunctions for the plate-covered region are orthogonal with respect to this new inner product. The problem is studied for various wave and geometrical conditions. Especially, the influence of different edge conditions on the hydrodynamic behavior is investigated and compared. The edge conditions considered in the present study involve (i) a free edge, (ii) a simply supported edge, and (iii) a built-in edge. The hydrodynamic performance of an elastic plate is characterized for various conditions in terms of wave reflection and transmission, plate deflection, and surface strain. It is observed that the hydrodynamic behavior depends on the wave conditions, the geometrical settings, and the edge conditions. The built-in edge condition induces the maximum wave reflection and the minimum wave transmission. The free edge condition leads to the maximum plate deflection. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1408294
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DEM AGGREGATION FOR WATERSHED MODELING (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 36 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: : The widely available USGS 7.5-minute Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has a cell size of approximately 30 m × 30 m. This high resolution topographic information is impractical for many applications of distributed hydrologic and water quality models. In this study, cells were aggregated into coarse-resolution areal units, termed grids, and a method to approximate flow direction for coarse-resolution grids from 30 m DEM cells was developed. The method considers the flow path defined from the fine-resolution DEM in determining a grid's flow direction and makes flow directions for grids closely follow the flow pattern suggested by the DEM. The aggregation method was applied to a DEM of Goodwater Creek, a nearly flat watershed that is located in central Missouri. The drainage networks derived for different levels of cell aggregations showed that grid aggregates of the Goodwater Creek watershed provided an adequate representation of the landscape topography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2000.tb04288.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECT OF GLYCAEMIC CONTROL ON GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE IN THE STREPTOZOTOCIN DIABETIC RAT (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 15 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Diabetes was induced in 32 adult Wistar-Kyoto rats with streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). Fourteen rats remained untreated, 10 received insulin three times per week, and eight received insulin daily. Fourteen non-diabetic rats served as controls.2. Exchangeable sodium and plasma volume were elevated in the untreated diabetic rats. Treatment normalized these parameters,3. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was elevated in the untreated diabetic group and the group receiving insulin three times per week compared with the control group. Daily insulin treatment restored GFR towards control values.4. Plasma atrial natriuretic factor was similar in untreated diabetic rats and non-diabetic rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1988.tb01088.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RAMIPRIL REDUCES ALBUMINURIA IN DIABETIC RATS FED A HIGH PROTEIN DIET (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 16 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Streptozotocin diabetes was induced in Wistar-Kyoto rats fed a 50% protein diet. Animals were randomized to receive either the ACE inhibitor ramipril, 1 mg/L in drinking water (n= 7), or no treatment (n= 7), and were studied for 6 months. Blood glucose, body weight and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were measured at 0, 1, 4, 8 and 16 weeks of diabetes and urinary albumin excretion was measured every 8 weeks.2. In both groups, GFR increased significantly within 1 week of induction of diabetes (P 〈 0.001) and thereafter remained stable. There was no difference in GFR between the treated and untreated groups.3. Urinary albumin excretion increased progressively in both groups throughout the study. Ramipril treatment reduced albuminuria by approximately 50% at weeks 16 and 24 (P 〈 0.01).4. The amelioration of diabetic albuminuria by ACE inhibition, in the setting of high dietary protein intake, may have important implications for the treatment of human diabetic nephropathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1989.tb01620.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ACCELERATED PROGRESSION OF DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY IN THE SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE STREPTOZOTOCIN DIABETIC RAT (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 13 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetes was induced in spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats with their litter mates serving as controls. The animals were studied for 6 months and blood pressure, weight, urinary and serum glucose, creatinine clearance, total proteinuria and albuminuria were measured monthly.2. With induction of diabetes, there was a significant rise in creatinine clearance in the hypertensive diabetic animals (SHR-STZ). SHR-STZ (n= 6) developed higher levels of total proteinuria than WKY-STZ (n= 5) although the rise from basal levels was only apparent after 20 weeks of diabetes. All SHR-STZ developed albustix positive proteinuria after 6 months of diabetes.3. In the first 12 weeks after onset of diabetes, albuminuria increased to a greater degree in SHR-STZ than in WKY-STZ. This occurred before there was a detectable rise in total proteinuria.4. The SHR-STZ model of genetic hypertension and diabetes may be suitable for the evaluation of antihypertensive therapy in human diabetic renal disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1986.tb02394.x
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