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  • 1
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The polypeptide patterns obtained from individual caryopses (kernels) of two wheat cultivars were analyzed using high resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE) methods. While few polypeptides were detected with Coomassie Blue staining methods, over two hundred peptides were easily distinguished with the color-based silver stain. The relative isoelectric points of the constituent polypeptides ranged from pH 3.8 to 9 and the relative molecular weights from 5000 to 200 000. The majority of the proteins of the two wheat varieties analyzed with 2-D PAGE were similar although distinct proteins having molecular weights of 23 000, 30 000, 37 000 and 70 000 were identified, which have molecular properties unique to each variety. The use of the color-based silver stain makes it possible to identify and characterize hundreds of proteins in individual wheat seeds. These methods are, therefore, adaptable for the rapid analysis and characterization of specific gene products of single kernels of wheat.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 53 (1988), S. 3120-3122 
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 89 (1985), S. 3617-3622 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 89 (1985), S. 2513-2517 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 93 (1989), S. 7785-7789 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 90 (1989), S. 7369-7375 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Within a normal-mode picture of the molecular internal degrees of freedom, and accepting the ergodic assumption, methods of calculating the rate of infrared radiative cooling of hot polyatomic molecules are considered. The fundamental validity of the thermodynamic approach through definition of an internal temperature is discussed and supported. The Boltzmann equation is shown to be a remarkably accurate approximation to the thermodynamic equations; a thermodynamic equation derived from steepest-descents integration is also presented which is more accurate for very small molecules. Both of these equations are compared with exact statistical counts for small-molecule model systems, and give excellent results. The thermodynamic approach is virtually equal in accuracy to direct statistical counting, and offers advantages in many situations. Detailed consideration shows no general theoretical basis guaranteeing that the energy of the cooling molecule declines exponentially in time, but several special cases are identified in which such behavior is approached. An illustrative calculation of the cooling of benzene from 2700 to 400 K is described. The cooling rate constant declines gradually from 2.2 to 0.45 s−1, but is nearly constant over the cooling interval from 1000 to 400 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 90 (1989), S. 2192-2200 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Photodissociation was observed and studied for a series of gas-phase cations of fluoro- and chlorobenzenes, using trapped-ion cyclotron resonance techniques. All of these dissociations were interpreted as involving absorption of two or more photons. Photodissociation (PDS) spectra of trichlorobenzene and trichloro-trifluorobenzene ions were compared with literature fluorescence emission spectra. In both cases, the sharp fluorescence peak at the 0-0 transition energy was not reflected in the PDS spectra; this was interpreted as showing high fluorescence quantum yield, and correspondingly low internal conversion quantum yield, for ions in the B˜ state vibrational ground state. Collisionless (infrared radiative) relaxation rates for several of the ions were determined by chopped-laser two-photon dissociation, showing that the presence of several chlorines, and particularly several fluorines, enhances the rate of infrared emission. The highest radiative cooling rate constant observed was 31 s−1 for trifluorobenzene ion. For those ions whose visible–UV fluorescence quantum yields have been reported as near unity, the observation of photodissociation was accounted for by a combined mechanism involving fluorescence-pumping heating of the ions, followed by two-photon photodissociation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 4829-4832 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The collisional relaxation of photoexcited benzene ions was studied through two-photon photodissociation using the chopped-laser technique in the ion cyclotron resonance (ICR) ion trap. The number of collisions required for quenching varied from 1 for benzene quench gas to 95 for helium, with the quenching efficiency increasing with size and complexity of the neutral. A comparison with quenching of bromobenzene ion by many of the same quench gases showed energy transfer from benzene ion to be about a factor of 2.5 less efficient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 91 (1989), S. 6080-6085 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Time-resolved photodissociation of styrene ions at 308 nm was observed in the ion cyclotron resonance ion trap. The rate of m/z 78 product ion formation was shown to be a sensitive function of the internal energy of the dissociating parent ions. The dissociation rates, ranging up to 5×105 s−1, were near the upper limit of the technique, and an improved signal equation was derived for quantitative interpretation of the data. By observing the m/z 78 photoappearance rate as a function of pressure and delay time between electron impact ionization and the laser pulse, the relaxation of initially excited styrene ions was characterized, giving a collisional relaxation rate constant of 4.5×10−10 cc molecule−1 s−1, and an IR radiative relaxation rate constant of 0.65 s−1. At 11.5 eV electron impact ionizing energy the parent ions were found to be formed with an average initial excess internal energy of 0.45 eV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1527-3458
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The development of selective ligands targeting neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors to alleviate symptoms associated with neurodegenerative diseases presents the advantage of affecting multiple deficits that are the hallmarks of these pathologies. TC-1734 is an orally active novel neuronal nicotinic agonist with high selectivity for neuronal nicotinic receptors. Microdialysis studies indicate that TC-1734 enhances the release of acetylcholine from the cortex. TC-1734, by either acute or repeated administration, exhibits memory enhancing properties in rats and mice and is neuroprotective following excitotoxic insult in fetal rat brain in cultures and against alterations of synaptic transmission induced by deprivation of glucose and oxygen in hippocampal slices. At submaximal doses, TC-1734 produced additive cognitive effects when used in combination with tacrine or donepezil. Unlike (-)-nicotine, behavioral sensitization does not develop following repeated administration of TC-1734. Its pharmacokinetic (PK) profile (half-life of 2 h) contrasts with the long lasting improvement in working memory (18 h) demonstrating that cognitive improvement extends beyond the lifetime of the compound. The very low acute toxicity of TC-1734 and its receptor activity profile provides additional mechanistic basis for its suggested potential as a clinical candidate. TC-1734 was very well tolerated in acute and chronic oral toxicity studies in mice, rats and dogs. Phase I clinical trials demonstrated TC-1734's favorable pharmacokinetic and safety profile by acute oral administration at doses ranging from 2 to 320 mg.The bioavailability, pharmacological, pharmacokinetic, and safety profile of TC-1734 provides an example of a safe, potent and efficacious neuronal nicotinic modulator that holds promise for the management of the hallmark symptomatologies observed in dementia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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