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  • 2000-2004  (2)
  • 1985-1989  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic characteristics of R2Fe14B systems prepared with high purity rare earths (R=Ce, Pr, Dy, and Er) (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4106-4108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Commercial rare earth metals contain several atomic % oxygen, and intermetallics synthesized using these ingredients deviate markedly from the intended compositions. In this work, high purity rare earths (〈20 ppm oxygen by weight) were used. Results for R2Fe14B systems with R = Y, Nd, Sm, or Gd have been previously reported. The earlier work has now been extended to include systems containing Ce, Pr, Dy and Er. All were ordered magnetically at room temperature, with Curie temperatures ranging from 437 K (Ce) to 592 K (Dy). Results suggest that Ce in this system exists in the quadripositive state. Saturation magnetizations (77 K) are 29.4, 34.8, 12.1, and 14.7 μB/formula unit, respectively, for R = Ce, Pr, Dy, and Er. These may be contrasted with 30.4 μB/f.u. for Y2Fe14B, which is the Fe magnetization alone. These results imply ferromagnetic coupling for Pr2Fe14B and antiferromagnetic coupling for the Dy and Er compounds. Room temperature anisotropy fields ranged from 37 kOe (R = Ce) to 158 kOe (R = Dy). Er2Fe14B exhibits a spin reorientation near room temperature. Pr2Fe14B, unlike Nd2Fe14B, exhibits no spin reorientation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.334633
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paramagnetic behavior of R2Fe14B systems (R=Pr, Nd, Dy, or Er) (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4109-4111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: R2Fe14B compounds, R = Pr, Nd, Dy, or Er, were prepared from high purity rare earths obtained from the Ames Laboratory. The magnetic properties of these and related systems with other rare earths are under investigation in our laboratories. In the present study magnetic susceptibilities were determined from the Curie temperature (TC) (556–596 K) up to a characteristic temperature Tt. Above Tt the susceptibility was observed to increase sharply and to become history-dependent, suggesting sample decomposition or a phase change. Tt = 830, 920, and 960 K for R = Pr, Nd, and Er, respectively. Curie–Weiss behavior is observed for the Pr and Nd compounds but not for Dy2Fe14B and Er2Fe14B. The susceptibility of the latter material follows the hyperbolic form described by Néel, i.e., 1/χ=1/χ0+T/C−σ/(T−θ). For R=Pr and Nd, near TC χ follows the expression χαt−γ[t=(T−TC)T−1C]. γ=1.37 for R=Pr and 1.41 for R = Nd. The iron paramagnetic moments are 4.02, 4.06, 4.09, and 4.10 μB for Pr2Fe14B and Nd2Fe14B, Dy2Fe14B and Er2Fe14B, respectively, which are close to the value (3.97 μB) obtained for Y2Fe17. The Weiss constants are 575 and 602 K, respectively, for Pr2Fe14B and Nd2Fe14B. Results indicate little itineracy of the 3d electrons in the R2Fe14B systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.334634
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of ropivacaine 0.1% and 0.2% with bupivacaine 0.2% for single-shot caudal anaesthesia in children (2000)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Pediatric anesthesia 10 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We compared analgesic efficacy and degree of motor block induced by ropivacaine 0.1% (R 0.1) and 0.2% (R 0.2) vs. bupivacaine 0.2% (B 0.2) after caudal anaesthesia in children. Total and free plasma concentrations were measured after caudal injection. Duration of caudal analgesia (median/range) was significantly shorter in group R 0.1 (1.7 h/0.2–6 h) than in group R 0.2 (4.5 h/1.7–6 h) or group B 0.2 (4 h/1–6 h) (P 〈 0.05). Motor block in the first 2 h postoperatively was significantly less for both ropivacaine groups compared with bupivacaine (P 〈 0.05). Peak plasma concentrations after ropivacaine 0.2% were higher and protein binding lower than after bupivacaine 0.2% (P 〈 0.05). We conclude that caudal analgesia with ropivacaine 0.1% is less effective and of shorter duration than that of ropivacaine 0.2%, whereas ropivacaine 0.2% provides pain relief similar to bupivacaine 0.2%. Motor block in the early postoperative period is less with ropivacaine than with bupivacaine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9592.2000.00532.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning, chromosomal location, and tissue expression of the gene for pig interleukin-18 (2000)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 51 (2000), S. 358-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words Pig ; Cytokine ; Interleukin-18 ; Chromosomal location ; Tissue expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Interleukin 18 (IL-18), a recently described cytokine, plays an important role in the cell-mediated immune response, in particular through its ability to induce the production of interferon (IFN)-γ. We cloned pig IL-18 cDNA from the intestinal epithelial cell line IPI-2I using a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction method with primers derived from the human IL-18 sequence. The amino acid sequence deduced from pig IL-18 cDNA encodes a 192 amino-acid polypeptide that exhibits 92, 90, 81, and 71% similarity to IL-18 from horse, dog, human, and rodents (mouse and rat), respectively. Structural comparison of the IL-18 protein with IL-1α and IL-1β showed that IL-18 shares several characteristics with the IL-1 cytokine family: the IL-1 signature-like sequence, a potential caspase-1 (ICE) cleavage site, and the presence of 12 predicted β strands. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to localize the IL-18 gene on the short arm (p13) of pig chromosome 9. Analysis of IL-18 expression in different organs of piglets demonstrated that IL-18 mRNA is weakly expressed in the kidney and the lung. By contrast, we observed highly constitutive expression of IL-18 mRNA in the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, and the intestine, particularly in the small intestine, indicating a potential role for IL-18 as a first line of host defense in the intestinal mucosa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050630
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