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  • 2000-2004  (15)
  • 1980-1984  (4)
  • 1975-1979  (3)
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 144 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Viral warts represent a large workload for dermatology departments. Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen is the most widely used method of treatment by dermatologists and is increasingly used by general practitioners in the U.K. Existing data relating to the response to cryotherapy are virtually all derived from the use of a cotton wool bud as the applicator. There is an increasing trend to use the cryo-spray to freeze warts and it has been assumed that this is equally effective. In view of the workload involved it is important to test this assumption. Objectives This prospective study was undertaken to compare these two methods of liquid nitrogen cryotherapy with regards to cure rate after 3 months of treatment. Methods Patients referred to two hospital dermatology departments with hand or foot warts were allocated to have liquid nitrogen applied with either a cryo-spray or with a cotton wool bud. Using either technique, liquid nitrogen was applied until ice-ball formation had spread from the centre to include a margin of 2 mm around each wart. Treatment was done fortnightly for up to 3 months. Plantar warts were pared and treated with a double freeze–thaw cycle. The endpoint of the study was complete clearance of all warts. Results Three hundred and sixty-three patients were enrolled, mean age 21 years (range 3–75), 188 male and 175 female. The mean duration of the warts was 98 weeks (median 78, range 2–936). The number of warts on the hands and feet varied from one to 80 (mean 5). The treatment groups were comparable with regards to baseline demographics. Two hundred and seven patients were evaluable. Cure rates at 3 months were 47% in the cotton wool bud group and 44% in the cryo-spray group (P = 0·8). Warts that had been present for 6 months or less (n = 31) had a greater chance of clearance (84%) compared with warts that had been present for more than 6 months (39%, n = 176) (P 〈 0·0005). Conclusions Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen for hand and foot warts in our study was equally effective when applied with a cotton wool bud or by means of a spray.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 143 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Lentigo maligna is the in situ phase of lentigo maligna melanoma, and if left untreated it may progress to invasive melanoma. It most commonly occurs on the exposed sites of the face and neck of middle-aged or elderly patients. Conventional surgery using a 5–10 mm margin is the recommended treatment; however, lesions can be quite large and surgical removal may involve extensive plastic repair. We report an elderly patient with a large lentigo maligna on the scalp who was reluctant to have surgery. We tried topical imiquimod 5% cream (Aldara®), a local immunomodulator, which has recently become available for the treatment of external genital and perianal warts. Initially used over a test area and then over the whole of the lesion, for a total of 7 months, the imiquimod cream resulted in complete clinical and histological cure. The patient has been followed up for 9 months without evidence of recurrence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 142 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture nutrition 10 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2095
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Optimum ration size of Indian major carp, Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings was determined by feeding purified diet (40% crude protein (CP); 3.61 kcal g−1) at five ration sizes (2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% of body weight per day) for 6 weeks. Feeding trial was conducted in triplicate. Fishes were randomly stocked at the rate of 20 fish per trough fitted with water flow-through system. The best feed conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate (%) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were evident at the ration size of 4–6% body weight. Second-degree polynomial regression analysis of the FCR, PER, and protein and energy retention data indicated the breakpoints at ration size of 5.16%, 5.24%, 5.52% and 5.42% body weight per day. Carcass composition of fish fed different ration sizes varied significantly. Maximum carcass protein and minimum moisture content were noticed at 4% and 6% ration levels. A linear increase in fat content was evident with increasing ration levels up to 6% body weight. Ash content remained insignificantly different among various ration levels except at 2%, showing the significantly highest value. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen, free carbon dioxide, pH and total alkalinity were recorded regularly during the length of the experiment. No mortality was observed during the feeding trial. Based on the above results, it is recommended that feeding in the range of 5–5.5% body weight per day corresponding to 20 g protein and 181 kcal energy to 22 g protein and 199 kcal energy per kg of the diet per day is optimum for the growth and efficient feed utilization of C. mrigala.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Background There is a limited range of treatments for severe atopic dermatitis (AD). Azathioprine has often been used but there has been no randomized controlled trial of this drug to confirm its efficacy in AD. Objectives To establish or refute the efficacy of azathioprine in severe AD. To investigate the safety and tolerability of azathioprine in this patient population. Methods We performed a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of azathioprine in adult patients with severe AD. Each treatment period was of 3 months' duration. Treatments were azathioprine 2·5 mg kg−1 day−1 and matched placebo. Disease activity was monitored using the SASSAD sign score. In addition, severity of pruritus, sleep disturbance and disruption of work/daytime activity were monitored using visual analogue scales. Adverse events were recorded and haematological and biochemical monitoring was performed. Results Thirty-seven subjects were enrolled, mean age 38 years (range 17–73). Sixteen were withdrawn, 12 during azathioprine treatment and four during placebo treatment. The SASSAD score fell by 26% during treatment with azathioprine vs. 3% on placebo (P 〈 0·01). Pruritus, sleep disturbance and disruption of work/daytime activity all improved significantly on active treatment but not on placebo. The difference in mean improvement between azathioprine and placebo was significant for disruption of work/daytime activity (P 〈 0·02) but not for pruritus or sleep disturbance. Gastrointestinal disturbances were reported by 14 patients during azathioprine treatment and four were withdrawn as a result of severe nausea and vomiting. Leukopenia was observed in two patients and deranged liver enzymes in eight during treatment with azathioprine. Conclusions Azathioprine is an effective and useful drug in severe AD although it is not always well-tolerated. Monitoring of the full blood count and liver enzymes is advisable during treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 146 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 145 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 263 (1976), S. 294-297 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Sub-zero temperatures can be used to trap intermediates in enzyme-catalysed reactions using suitable cryosolvents. The feasibility of obtaining such intermediates in the crystalline state for X-ray diffraction studies has been demonstrated with several proteases, using specific substrates and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Tropical animal health and production 15 (1983), S. 139-143 
    ISSN: 1573-7438
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Sont présentés les résultats d'une vaste enquête sérologique sur la brucellose portant sur 14000 échantillons de sérum prélevés sur des animaux domestiques et du bétail importé pendante une période de 5 ans. La méthode standard d'agglutination sur lame a été utilisée. L'incidence de la brucellose était la plus élevée (11,6 p. 100) chez les petits ruminants des Centres d'Elevage intensif. Ensuite venaient les animaux importés (2,6 p. 100) sacrifiés pendant la période du Hajj 1977. Enfin, on a trouvé une incidence quelque peu plus faible chez le bétail local (1,5 p. 100) sacrifié la même période du Hajj. L'incidence était très faible parmi les groupes suivants de bétail: petits ruminants élevés sur des parcours désertiques (0,5 p. 100), petits ruminants élevés en petit groupe autour de maisons individuelles (0,4 p. 100) et dans les troupeaux laitiers industriels (0,2 p. 100).
    Abstract: Resumen Se describen los resultados de un extenso estudio sobre brucelosis, utilizando la prueba de aglutinación en placa, en 14,000 muestras de suero proveniente de animales nativos e importados, estudio que duró cinco años. La prevalencia de brucelosis fue alta (11.6%) en pequeños rumiantes criados intensivamente, menor (2.6%) en animales importados sacrificados durante la estación Hajj de 1.977 y baja (1.5%) en animales locales sacrificados durante la misma estación. La prevalencia fué muy baja en los siguientes grupos de ganado: pequeños rumiantes criados en el desierto (0.5%), pequenos rumiantes criados cerca de las casas de habitación (0.4%) y en hatos lecheros comerciales (0.2%).
    Notes: Summary The results of an extensive serological survey for brucellosis antibodies using the standard plate agglutination procedure on 14,000 serum samples from native domestic animals and imported livestock over a five year period are reported. The incidence of brucellosis was highest (11.6%) in small ruminants reared intensively in breeding establishments, next highest (2.6%) in imported animals sacrificed during the Hajj season of 1977 and somewhat lower (1.5%) in local livestock sacrificed during the same Hajj season. The incidence was very low among the following groups of livestock: small ruminants raised on desert ranges (0.5%), small ruminants raised in small groups around individual homes (0.4%) and in commercial dairy herds (0.2%).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Tropical animal health and production 16 (1984), S. 213-218 
    ISSN: 1573-7438
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Un programme pratique de lutte contre la brucellose ovine dans un troupeau de moutons Najdi à Haradh et de protection des éleveurs contre l'infection a été mis en oeuvre. Les moutons de Haradh ont été testés sérologiquement trois fois à six mois d'intervalle. Sur 2 721 moutons soumis au premier test, 387 (14,2 p. 100) ont réagi positivement; sur 2 072 moutons, au second test, 31 (1,5 p. 100); et sur 2 963 moutons, au troisième test, seulement 0,3 p. 100. Sur huit éleveurs de moutons, six étaient atteints de fièvre de Malte. Les moutons ayant réagi positivement ont été abattus et enterrés après chaque test. Après le troisième test, tous les animaux négatifs ont été vaccinés avec un vaccin àBrucella melitensis inactivé. Les éleveurs ont été soignés la clinique de Haradh. Un an après la fin du programme, les avortements et les problèmes d'infertilité avaient disparu et le pourcentage d'agnelages avait augmenté de 0,8 à 1,3 agneau par brebis. De plus, tous les jeunes agneaux nés de mères vaccinées étaient sérologiquement négatifs. L'extension de ce programme en une campagne de lutte nationale est préconisée.
    Abstract: Resumen Se implementó un programa práctico, para el control de brucelosis ovina en ovejas Najdi en Haradh, y para proteger a los pastores. Las ovejas se analizaron serológicamente tres veces con intervalos de seis meses. De 2.721 ovejas analizadas la primera vez, 387 (14.2%) dieron resultados positivos. La segunda vez, se analizaron los sueros de 2.072 ovejas, de las cuales 31 (1.5%) fueron positivas. El tercer analisis se realizo en 2.963 ovejas de la cuales solo nueve (0.3%) se detectaron como reactores positivos. De ocho pastores, seis tenían fiebre de Malta. Las ovejas positivas fueron eliminadas después de cada prueba serológica. Seguidamente, después de la tercera prueba, todas las ovejas negativas se vacunaron con la vacuna inactivada deBrucella melitensis. Los pastores enfermos, fueron hospitalizados. Un año después de la campaña, los problemas de aborto e infertilidad habían desaparecido, y el porcentaje de nacimientos se incrementó de 0.8 a 1.3 corderos por oveja. Más aún, todos los corderos nacidos de madres vacunadas fueron negativos serológicamente. Nosotros sugerimos la expansión del presente programa de control de brucelosis, a todo el Reino.
    Notes: Summary A practical programme for control of ovine brucellosis in a Najdi sheep flock at Haradh and protection of sheep handlers from infection was implemented. Haradh sheep were serologically tested three times at six-month intervals. Of 2,721 sheep subjected to the first test, 387 (14.2%) were positive reactors. At the second test 2,072 sheep were tested and 31 (1.5%) were positive. The third test was performed on 2,963 sheep and only nine (0.3%) positive reactors were found. Of eight sheep handlers six had Malta fever. Positive reactor sheep were slaughtered and buried after each test. Following the third test all negative sheep were vaccinated with inactivatedBrucella melitensis vaccine. Infected sheep handlers were treated at the Haradh clinic. One year after completion of the programme abortions and infertility problems had disappeared and the lambing percentage had increased from 0.8 to 1.3 lambs per ewe. In addition all young lambs born to vaccinated ewes were found to be serologically negative. We suggest expansion of the present programme into a national brucellosis control campaign in the kingdom.
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