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  • 2000-2004  (2)
  • 1980-1984  (3)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The regulation of EFG1 in white–opaque switching in Candida albicans involves overlapping promoters (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 48 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: EFG1 , which encodes a trans -acting factor, is expressed as a more abundant 3.2 kb transcript in the white phase and as a less abundant 2.2 kb transcript in the opaque phase of the white–opaque transition in Candida albicans . To understand how alternative phase-specific mRNAs are transcribed from the same gene locus, the 2320 bp upstream region of the gene was functionally characterized by analysing the ­activity of deletion derivatives in a luciferase-based reporter system. The white phase-specific promoter contained three discrete sequences involved in white phase-specific activation, between −2022 and −1809 bp (AR1), between −1809 and −1727 bp (AR2) and between −922 and −840 bp (AR3). A higher resolution deletion and mutation analysis of AR2 revealed two regions between −1809 and −1787 bp and between −1764 and −1728 bp that are responsible for AR2 activation. Targeting of promoter constructs to the ectopic ADE2 genomic site and the 3′ end of the EFG1 genomic site revealed a positional requirement for white phase-regulated activation specific for the AR2 region of the promoter. Gel mobility shift assays using AR2 revealed a white phase-specific activation complex. No discrete activation sequences were identified in the overlapping promoter of the opaque phase-specific EFG1 transcript. The strength of opaque phase activation was directly proportional to the length of the promoter. Northern analysis excluded the possibility of an opaque phase-specific repressor. These results demonstrate overlapping promoters for white and opaque phase-specific expression of the gene for the transcription factor Efg1, with distinctly different mechanisms of phase-specific activation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.t01-1-03448.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Candida albicans clades (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS immunology and medical microbiology 39 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-695X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: DNA fingerprinting with the complex probe Ca3 has revealed the following five Candida albicans clades: group I, group II, group III, group SA and group E. These groups exhibit geographical specificity. Group SA is relatively specific (i.e., highly enriched) to South Africa, group E is relatively specific to Europe, and group II is absent in the Southwest USA and South America. The maintenance of deep-rooted clades side by side in the same geographical locale and the apparent absence of subclade structure suggest little recombination between clades, but higher rates of recombination within clades. Exclusive 5-fluorocytosine resistance in the majority of group I isolates reinforces the above conclusions on recombination, and demonstrates that clades differ phenotypically. The ramifications of these findings with regard to pathogenesis are discussed. In particular, these findings lay to rest the idea that one strain represents all strains of C. albicans, support the need for a worldwide analysis of population structure and clade-specific phenotypic characteristics, and demonstrate that in the future, pathogenic characteristics must be analyzed in representatives from all five clades.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0928-8244(03)00242-6
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mitotic recombination in Candida albicans: Recessive lethal alleles linked to a gene required for methionine biosynthesis (1982)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 187 (1982), S. 477-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Genetic analysis by ultraviolet-induced mitotic segregation indicated that Candida albicans wild-type strain Ca526 was heterozygous at a gene (MET) required for biosynthesis of methionine. The MET gene was shown to be linked to two other genes (LET1, LET2) whose recessive alleles (let1, let2) each determined lethality when homozygous. The phenotype determined by let1 was temperaturesensitive. The inferred genotype of strain Ca526 was: $$\frac{{MET let1 LET2 \bullet }}{{met LET1 let2 \bullet }}$$ Mitotic recombination was directly demonstrated in the intergenic intervals MET-LET1, Let1-LET2, MET-LET2. The frequency of ultraviolet-induced mitotic segregation generated a linkage map which displayed excellent additivity in the MET-LET2 interval and approximate additivity in the MET-centromere interval.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00332632
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A characterization of pH-regulated dimorphism in Candida albicans (1984)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 85 (1984), S. 21-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract When cells of the dimorphic yeast Candida albicans are grown to stationary phase in defined liquid medium at 25°C, they accumulate as singlets in Gl of the cell cycle. When these pluripotent, stationary phase singlets are released into fresh medium at 37°C, they synchronously evaginate after an average period of 135 to 140 minutes and form either buds or mycelia, depending upon the pH of the medium into which they are released. This method of dimorphic regulation offers the distinct advantage of comparability and serves as a very precise method for temporal comparisons of molecular and cytological events related to the establishment of the alternate growth phenotypes. In the present report, we have carefully examined the effects of individually varying pH or temperature on the length of the pre-evagination period, the population synchrony for evagination, and the phenotype of daughter cells. Exact phenotypic transition points, optima, and upper limits are defined for both temperature and pH. In addition, a method of pH-regulated dimorphism is developed in which the original temperature shift is removed from the inductive process. Finally, a common transition phenotype is described for cells reverting from the initial mycelial to budding phenotype when either pH or temperature traverse their respective transition points. The advantages as well as limitations of pH-regulated dimorphism are discussed in detail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00436698
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A dedifferentiation-defective mutant of Dictyostelium that retains the capacity to aggregate in the absence of chemotaxis (1983)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Genetics 4 (1983), S. 167-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0192-253X
    Keywords: dedifferentiation ; Dictyostelium ; aggregation ; mutant ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: During slime mold development, cells acquire the capacity to rapidly recapitulate morphogenesis in roughly a tenth the original time. When developing cells are disaggregated and refed, they completely loss this capacity in a rapid and synchronous step referred to as the “erasure event.” The erasure event sets in motion a program of dedifferentiation during which developmentally acquired functions are lost at different times. In this report, we describe the phenotype of HI4, which is a mutant partially defective in the dedifferentiation program but normal in all aspects of growth, morphogenesis, and rapid recapitulation. HI4 cells progress through the erasure event, losing in a relatively normal fashion (I) the capacity to rapidly recapitulate later stages of morphogenesis, (2) the capacity to release a cAMP signal, and (3) the capacity to respond chemotactically to a cAMP signal. However, erased HI4 cells abnormally retain the capacity to rapidly reaggregate, even though they have lost chemotactic functions. Erased HI4 cells also abnormally retain EDTA-resistant cohesion (contact sites A) and the surface glycoprotein gp80. It appears that erased HI4 cells rapidly reaggregate owing to random collisions followed by tight cell cohesion.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/dvg.1020040304
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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