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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of radiation from a figure-8 undulator by a gas-scattering method (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 2101-2107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The absolute flux, polarization properties, and spatial dependence of the intensity of figure-8-undulator radiation were measured by a gas-scattering method. Absolute-flux measurements were in good agreement with calculated values and the angular divergence measured at 6.6 keV was also close to expected value. Polarization measurements showed oscillations of the degree of linear polarization which varied with photon energy, indicating that both horizontal and vertical polarizations were included. In addition, the polarization plane was found to rotate when the vertical observation angle was changed. These polarization characteristics are not observed in other conventional-undulator radiation and thus unique to figure-8-undulator radiation. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1305840
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effective initial sorting of undulator magnets (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 3010-3015 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A new method to optimize undulator magnet arrangement is considered. Field-integral values of magnet blocks instead of magnetic flux distributions are used to determine the magnet arrangement for the purpose of not only reducing integrated multipole but also improving spectral intensity. A system composed of a fast-rotating coil and a lock-in amplifier has been constructed for fast and accurate measurement of field integrals. A ten-period test undulator has been assembled with the best and the worst arrangements determined by the optimization method. Undulator performances such as integrated multipoles, orbit deviations, and phase errors have been measured at various gap values, which showed a good agreement with expectations in both cases. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1304878
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcification of degenerating tissues in the periodontal ligament during tooth movement (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 38 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective:  Calcification of degenerating tissues in the periodontal ligament (PDL) during tooth movement was investigated longitudinally.Materials and methods:  Upper first molars of male Wistar rats were moved lingually for 1, 7 and 21 d, following which unfixed undecalcified sections of the lingual PDL (in the pressure zone) were examined histologically, histochemically (autoradiography and electron probe microanalysis).Results:  On d 1 of tooth movement, degenerating tissues, together with some calcified particles, were visible in the pressure zone of the lingual PDL. On d 7, substantial calcified aggregations were seen in the degenerating tissues, predominantly situated between the bone and root. This was confirmed by the 45Ca autoradiography. On d 21 of tooth movement, large calcified aggregations were still clearly evident between the bone and root.Conclusions:  This calcification of the degenerating tissues is a self-defense response of the living body to prevent direct contact between alveolar bone and the tooth root during compression of the PDL, so preventing friction between them and the development of ankylosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0765.2003.00671.x
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  • 4
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    Development of memory for general and specific sentences (1983)
    Provincetown, Mass., etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of General Psychology. 109 (1983:July) 43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-1309
    Topics: Psychology
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:1128-1983-109-00-000004
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antesternal pharyngogastrostomy by oral insertion of a stapler (1984)
    Springer
    Surgery today 14 (1984), S. 104-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: cancer of hypopharynx ; cancer of cervical esophagus antesternal pharyngogastrostomy ; stapler
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cancer of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus involve problems such as removal of the cervical region, resection of the esophagus and also esophageal reconstruction. A standard surgical procedure has not been established. In our clinic, surgery is performed by two teams; one for head and neck and the other for the digestive tract. Since 1963, we have performed 22 operations on patients with such cancers; resection of the cancer and reconstruction of the alimentary tract were performed in sixteen 16 patients and palliative operations in six. As procedures of reconstructive surgery, antesternal pharyngogastrostomy was performed in ten patients, and antesternal esophagogastrostomy in one. Six of these reconstructions were carried out with oral insertion of a stapler. In this paper, we present the surgical techniques and some of the problems involved in total esophagectomy without thoracotomy, i. e., blunt dissection of the esophagus and antesternal pharyngogastrostomy, particularly pharyngogastrostomy, using a stapler inserted orally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02469799
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SPECTRA: a synchrotron radiation calculation code (2001)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 8 (2001), S. 1221-1228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: An application program to calculate various characteristics of synchrotron radiation, called SPECTRA, is described. The program does not need any other commercial software and is equipped with a full graphical user interface which makes data input quite easy. Equations on synchrotron radiation from arbitrary-field sources in a near-field region are derived, as are simplified expressions for ideal devices using a far-field approximation. Effective numerical methods implemented in SPECTRA to reduce computation time are explained, and several examples are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S090904950101425X
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of ethanol on bone mineral density of rats evaluated by dual-photon X-ray absorptiometry (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of bone and mineral metabolism 18 (2000), S. 317-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5604
    Keywords: Key words Rat ; Ethanol ; Femur ; Lumbar spine ; Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Abuse of alcohol may derange bone metabolism and cause osteoporosis. Due to confounding factors associated with alcohol abuse, e.g., dietary deficiencies and liver damage, a study using an animal model is preferable to examine whether alcohol itself actually reduces bone density. We evaluated the effect of alcohol intake on bone in rats by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Six-week-old male (n = 16) and female (n = 16) Wister rats were divided into two groups. Sixteen alcohol-exposed rats (8 male and 8 female) were fed Lieber's liquid diet and 16 control rats (8 male and 8 female) were fed a control liquid diet. The bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of the right femur were measured before and after experimental feeding under anesthesia. The BMD of lumbar spine (L2–L4) of sacrificed rats was measured. For male rats, BMD and BMC decreased significantly in the alcohol group (P = 0.0132 and 0.0133, respectively) but did not decrease in control group. For female rats, BMD and BMC decreased significantly in the alcohol group (P = 0.0012 and 〈0.0001, respectively) but did not decrease in the control group. For male rats, the mean ratio of BMD after experimental feeding divided by BMD before experimental feeding was significantly lower in the alcohol group than in the control group (P = 0.0031). For female rats, the mean ratio of BMD after experimental feeding divided by BMD before experimental feeding was also lower in the alcohol group than in the control group (P = 0.0002). For male rats, the mean BMD of L2–L4 after experimental feeding was significantly lower in the alcohol group than in the control group (P = 0.0210). For female rats, the mean BMD of L2–L4 after experimental feeding was also significantly lower in the alcohol group than in the control group (P = 0.0006). These results indicate that alcohol intake decreased the BMD of rats in both spongy and cortical bone, and that the reduction of BMD was greater in female rats than in male rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007740070002
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