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  • 2000-2004  (3)
  • 1975-1979  (11)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energetics and mechanism of actomyosin adenosine triphosphatase (1976)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 15 (1976), S. 5818-5826 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00671a020
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intermediate states of actomyosin adenosine triphosphatase (1976)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 15 (1976), S. 5813-5817 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00671a019
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of growth hormone transgenesis on metabolic rate, exercise performance and hypoxia tolerance in tilapia hybrids (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 63 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Swimming respirometry was employed to compare inactive metabolic rate (Rr), maximum metabolic rate (Rmax), resultant aerobic scope and maximum sustainable (critical) swimming speed (Ucrit), in growth hormone transgenic (GHT) and wild-type (W) tilapia Oreochromis sp. hybrids. Although the Rr of GHT tilapia was significantly (58%) higher than their W conspecifics, there were no significant differences in their net aerobic scope because GHT tilapia exhibited a compensatory increase in Rmax that was equal to their net increase in Rr. As a consequence, the two groups had the same Ucrit. The GHT and W tilapia also exhibited the same capacity to regulate oxygen uptake during progressive hypoxia, despite the fact that the GHT fish were defending a higher demand for O2. The results indicate that ectopic expression of GH raises metabolic rate in tilapia, but the fish compensate for this metabolic load and preserve such physiological determinants of fitness as aerobic scope, swimming performance and tolerance of hypoxia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00162.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Volume regulation by red blood cells from brown trout (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 59 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Regulatory volume decrease, following physical swelling of red cells from brown trout Salmo trutta, was almost complete in oxygenated cells but much less in deoxygenated cells. There was a small, insignificant regulatory volume increase, following physical shrinkage. Amiloride had no effect on this response, indicating that hypertonic shrinkage did not activate the Na+/H+ exchanger. However, cell volume was increased markedly in shrunken cells by addition of noradrenaline, with deoxygenated cells showing complete recovery. These data show that the previously reported differences in volume regulation between the red cells of brown trout and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss are not present and that both species appear to have lost volume sensitivity of the Na+/H+ exchanger.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb00176.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anion exchange in the giant erythrocytes of African lungfish (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 62 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Carbon dioxide transport in African lungfish Protopterus aethiopicus blood conformed to the typical vertebrate scheme, implying a crucial and rate-limiting role of erythrocyte Cl–/HCO3– exchange. The rate coefficient for unidirectional Cl– efflux via the anion exchanger (k, s−1) increased with temperature in African lungfish, but values were well below those reported in other species. The erythrocytes of African lungfish were, however, very large (mean cellular volume = 6940 µm3), and the ratio of cell water volume to membrane surface area was high (VwAm−1 = 1·89). Hence, the apparent Cl– permeability (PCl = kVwAm−1, µm s−1) was close to that in other vertebrates. The plot of lnPCl against the inverse absolute temperature was left-shifted in the tropical African lungfish compared to the temperate rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, which supports the idea that PCl is similar among animals when compared at their preferred temperatures. Also, Q10 for anion exchange calculated from PCl values in African lungfish was 2·0, supporting the idea that the temperature sensitivity of erythrocyte anion exchange matches the temperature sensitivity of CO2 production and transport in ectothermic vertebrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00095.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CONFERENCE SUMMARY (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 253 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb19248.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some responses of the shore crab,Carcinus maenas (L.) to progressive hypoxia at different acclimation temperatures and salinities (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 122 (1977), S. 391-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. TheP IO2 at which crabs emerged from shallow seawater during progressive hypoxia (Table 1), as well as theP c levels for $$\dot V_{O_2 }$$ (Fig. 2) and $$\dot V_g $$ (Fig. 4) of submerged crabs, increased with acclimation temperature and following exposure to 50% seawater at low temperatures (Fig. 6). This pattern of variation resembles the changes in relative oxygen demand with temperature and salinity. 2. TheP c levels for heart rate increased with acclimation temperature but were unaffected by dilution (Fig. 6). 3. Percentage extraction of oxygen from the respired water (Table 2) as well as the levels of motor activity (Fig. 5) were not affected by exposure to hypoxia. 4. Lactic acid concentration in the blood of submerged crabs increased markedly during hypoxia and there was an enhanced $$\dot V_{O_2 }$$ on recovery in normoxia (Fig. 2), which apparently served to completely repay an accumulated oxygen debt. 5. It was concluded that when exposed to environmental hypoxiaCarcinus can adopt the alternative strategies of either accumulating an oxygen debt when in deep water or emerging into air from shallow water to aerate the branchial chambers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692524
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The behaviour and respiratory physiology of the shore crab,Carcinus maenas (L.) at moderately high temperatures (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 130 (1979), S. 309-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. When gradually warmed from either 15 °C or 25 °CCarcinus voluntarily migrated into air at a mean temperature of 28 °C. Once in air, each crab remained there for the duration of the experiment (3 h). This behaviour was termed “emigration”. 2. Emigration into cool air (17 °C) served to lower body temperature and heart rate was proportionally decreased, whilst emigration into warm air (26 °C) caused no marked reduction in body temperature and heart rate was unaffected (Fig. 2). 3. The $$\dot V_{O_2 } $$ of crabs in dry air (R.H. 40%) was significantly lower than that of crabs in damp air (R.H. 80%) at 30 °C, due to a significant mean difference in body temperature of 1.8 °C (Fig. 3). 4. Exposure to air (R.H. 55%) for 12 h caused a progressive reduction in mass accompanied by a proportional increase in haemolymph Na+ concentration (Table 1). 5. 3 h exposure to air at 25 °C caused a marked increase in CO2 tension ( $$Pa_{CO_2 } $$ ) and content ( $$Ca_{CO_2 } $$ ) in the haemolymph accompanied by a reduced pH, which caused a Bohr shift. The oxygen content of the postbranchial haemolymph ( $$Ca_{O_2 } $$ ) was maintained high in air (Table 2). 6. The advantage of emigration may be the potential cooling effect of aerial exposure, with a consequent reduction in oxygen demand, as well as the avoidance of the possibility of low availability of oxygen in small bodies of warmed seawater.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689848
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of long term, moderate hypoxia on acid-base balance, plasma catecholamines and possible anaerobic end products in the unrestrained dogfishScyliorhinus canicula (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 132 (1979), S. 297-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. The first afferent branchial blood vessel of dogfish was cannulated and the animals were allowed 24 h to recover from the operation. Control animals were then left for 3 days in normoxic sea water, while experimental fish were exposed to hypoxic sea water ( $$P_{O_2 }$$ 55 mmHg) for 3 days. It was not possible to keep the fish for this period of time at an environmental $$P_{O_2 }$$ below 50 mmHg. 2. In the control animals, there was a significant (24%) reduction in haematocrit during the 3 day period of normoxia. There was a significant increase in the concentration of bicarbonate ions [HCO 3 − ] which, together with a slight increase in $$pH\bar v$$ , indicates a metabolic alkalosis following a decrease in the concentration of plasma lactate and the lactate/pyruvate ratio. There were no significant changes in any of the other measured variables. 3. In the experimental fish, there was no significant change in Hct during the 3 day period of hypoxia. There was, therefore, a potentialincrease in Hct during this period (cf. change in control fish). Heart rate declined initially, but then recovered to a value which was close to the normoxic rate. There was an increase in $$pH\bar v$$ , while [HCO 3 − ] and $$P\bar v_{CO_2 }$$ decreased. Plasma lactate and the lactate/pyruvate ratio increased and it was deduced that there was a combination of a respiratory alkalosis with a metabolic acidosis. The only catecholamine to increase significantly was noradrenaline. 4. The failure of dogfish to survive prolonged exposure to more severe hypoxia ( $$P_{O_2 }$$ 〈50 mmHg) is probably related to their inability to increase oxygen transport by large increases in ventilation volume or by reducing theP 50 of their hemoglobin. Anaerobiosis and severe acidosis then occur.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00799042
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of a decrease in salinity on respiration, Osmoregulation and activity in the shore crab,Carcinus maenas (L.) at different acclimation temperatures (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 119 (1977), S. 155-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. The rates of oxygen consumption ( $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_2 } $$ ) of individual crabs varied with their live mass. Mean $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_2 } $$ increased with acclimation temperature in 100% seawater (Q10 2.36) but not in 50% seawater. 2. Exposure to 50% seawater caused a significant increase in $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_2 } $$ to twice the rate in 100% seawater at 10°C. There was no significant increase in $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_2 } $$ on dilution at 18°C (Fig. 5). 3. Heart rate, ventilation volume ( $$\dot V$$ ) and a-VO 2 content difference were unaffected by dilution. The rise in $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_2 } $$ , following dilution at 10°C may, as far as the cardiovascular system is concerned, arise from an increase in cardiac stroke volume. 4. Crabs were isosmotic with 100% seawater at 10°C, 14°C and 18°C. In 50% seawater all crabs showed a significant reduction in blood osmolarity, though they maintained the ΔF.p. and Na+ concentration significantly above that of the medium. Crabs acclimated to 10°C maintained a significantly higher blood ΔF.p. and Na+ concentration in 50% seawater than crabs at 18°C (Fig. 6). 5. Crabs acclimated to 10°C were significantly more active after exposure to 50% seawater. There was no significant change in activity, following dilution, in crabs at 18°C (Fig. 7). 6. The variations in $$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_2 } $$ with temperature and salinity seem to relate to the measured changes in patterns of osmoregulation and activity. At 10°CCarcinus osmoregulates more effectively than at 18°C and is hyperactive in low salinities, which may represent an avoidance reaction. At 18°C, the summer temperature, the crab tolerates internal dilution and is relatively quiescent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686563
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