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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photorefractive holographic contrast enhancement via increased birefringence in polymer composites containing electro-optic chromophores with different alkyl substituents (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 627-631 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The birefringence of a photorefractive polymer composite in response to an applied electric field is used to predict the holographic index contrast attainable. Predictions have been obtained for three different polymer composites based on the charge transfer complex matrix poly(N-vinyl carbazole)/2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenone, doped with electro-optic azo chromophores differing only in their alkyl substitutions. A comparison with experimental data indicates that unexpected large variations in the holographic contrast obtainable from different chromophores are, in most cases, accounted for by a corresponding variation in electric field-induced birefringence. This variation may be due to a combination of the chromophore number density and the composite viscosity. Where the birefringence does not correlate with holographic index contrast, a prediction based on a trap density limited space-charge field fits the data well. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.371917
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Segregation in bimetallic alloys and its influence on wetting on a positive temperature coefficient resistor BaTiO3 ceramic (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 90 (2001), S. 5698-5702 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Bimetallic alloys have been considered in terms of their wetting behavior on semiconducting BaTiO3. In an earlier study, wetting behavior was strongly linked to ohmic contact behavior. However, the wetting behavior does not always correlate in the form of high work of adhesion-low contact resistance. The departure from this trend is associated with the nature of the segregation of the solute. Two extreme cases are considered in this study: no driving force for segregation and a strong driving force. These cases are characterized with sessile drop experiments and qualitatively analyzed in terms of thermodynamic analysis, both a surface enrichment model is considered together with an energy diagram approach. Both models give excellent qualitative agreement to the observed wetting behavior of the bimetallic alloy-BaTiO3 system. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1413237
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Private Politics (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    Journal of economics & management strategy 12 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-9134
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This paper introduces the subject of private politics, presents a research agenda, and provides an example involving activists and a firm. Private politics addresses situations of conflict and their resolution without reliance on the law or government. It encompasses the political competition over entitlements in the status quo, the direct competition for support from the public, bargaining over the resolution of the conflict, and the maintenance of the agreed-to private ordering. The term private means that the parties do not rely on public order, i.e., lawmaking or the courts. The term politics refers to individual and collective action in situations in which people attempt to further their interests by imposing their will on others. Four models of private politics are discussed: (1) informational competition between an activist and a firm for support from the public, (2) decisions by citizen consumers regarding a boycott, (3) bargaining to resolve the boycott, and (4) the choice of an equilibrium private ordering to govern the ongoing conflicting interests of the activist and the firm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1430-9134.2003.00031.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theories of Strategic Nonmarket Participation: Majority-Rule and Executive Institutions (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    Journal of economics & management strategy 10 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-9134
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This paper presents theories of strategic nonmarket participation in majority-rule and executive institutions and develops from those theories a set of principles for nonmarket strategy. The theories are based on models of vote recruitment in client and interest-group politics and on models of common agency. The basic strategies developed are majority building, vote recruitment, agenda setting, rent-chain mobilization, majority protection, and competitive agenda setting and vote recruitment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1430-9134.2001.00047.x
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Private Politics, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Integrated Strategy (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    Journal of economics & management strategy 10 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-9134
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This paper provides a theory of private politics in which an activist seeks to change the production practices of a firm for the purpose of redistribution to those whose interests it supports. The source of the activist's influence is the possibility of support for its cause by the public. The paper also addresses the issue of corporate social responsibility by distinguishing among corporate redistribution as motivated by profit maximization, altruism, and threats by the activist. Private politics and corporate social responsibility not only have a direct effect on the costs of the firm, but also have a strategic effect by altering the competitive positions affirms in an industry. From an integrated-strategy perspective the paper investigates the strategic implications of private politics and corporate social responsibility for the strategies of rival firms when one or both are targets of an activist campaign. Implications for empirical analysis are derived from the theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1430-9134.2001.00007.x
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measuring Perceptions of Synergistic Circulatory Disease Risk Due to Smoking and the Oral Contraceptive Pill (2002)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148 , USA , and 108 Cowley Road , Oxford OX4 1JF , UK . : Blackwell Publishing
    Risk analysis 22 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: There is evidence that the oral contraceptive pill (OCP) and smoking contribute independently to risk of circulatory disease. There is mixed evidence that the combined risk may be greater than the sum of these factors operating in isolation. Little is known about how the general population views the risks from OCP use, singly and in combination with smoking. Previous attempts at assessing whether the public views risks as operating synergistically have generally found evidence for subadditive models, where the combined risk is less than the sum of factors operating in isolation. However, concerns have been expressed over the validity of the measures of risk perception used. Therefore, this study used three distinct methods of measurement to assess the extent to which 241 undergraduate students perceive the risks of smoking and the OCP, separately and combined, for circulatory disease. For all three methods, respondents read each of four vignettes describing information about a woman's risk factors (with high and low levels of both OCP and smoking), and then estimated risk of circulatory disease using one of the three risk measures. The three measures produced similar ratings. Consistent with the epidemiological evidence, information about smoking had more impact on estimates of overall risk than did information about the OCP. For all three measures, responses were consistent with an additive model of risk from smoking and the OCP. This convergence of results from different methods suggests that all three methods of measurement employed, which all had a large number of response options, may be valid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1539-6924.00278
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Genomic Revolution: What Does It Mean for Risk Assessment? (2001)
    Boston, USA and Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishers Inc.
    Risk analysis 21 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0272-4332.216167
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE CONTROL OF ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC ALPHA RHYTHMS THROUGH AUDITORY FEEDBACK AND THE ASSOCIATED MENTAL ACTIVITY (1970)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 6 (1970), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Twenty-six subjects were given baseline tests for electroencephalographic (EEG) alpha rhythm presence, and then a period of fifteen minutes to gain insight into mental activity associated with alpha presence and absence, while provided with an auditory feedback loop keyed to the presence of alpha. Sixteen of the subjects worked with eyes closed, and ten, with very high initial alpha baseline scores, worked with eyes open. After the fifteen minute practice period permitting control of alpha through feedback, the subjects were given a trial during which they attempted to produce as much alpha as possible and a trial in which they tried to produce as little as possible. The results indicated significant appropriate change for both the generation and suppression trials. Those who were able to control alpha spontaneously reported mental states reflecting relaxation, “letting go,” and pleasant affect associated with maintaining alpha.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1970.tb01756.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical Experience with Dofetilide in the Treatment of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (2003)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5018 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 14 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8167
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Introduction: Dofetilide is the newest drug approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Few data on the efficacy and safety of dofetilide in a diverse group of patients are available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of dofetilide in a consecutive series of 69 patients with AF. Methods and Results: Sixty-nine patients with persistent (n = 53) or paroxysmal (n = 16) AF were administered dofetilide in-hospital. Prior to starting dofetilide, all patients had been adequately anticoagulated, and concomitant agents contraindicated in the presence of dofetilide were discontinued. Heart rhythms were monitored continuously by telemetry in all patients. The initial dose, which was determined using the Cockroft-Gault calculated creatinine clearance, was 500 μg bid, 250 μg bid, and 125 μg bid in 51, 13, and 5 patients, respectively. Reductions in subsequent dosage occurred in 12 patients, 4 for QT prolongation. Dofetilide was discontinued in-hospital in 7 patients, 2 for adverse arrhythmic events and 3 for unacceptable QT prolongation. Twenty-seven (63%) of 43 patients in AF converted spontaneously to sinus rhythm. Fifty-eight patients were discharged receiving dofetilide treatment and were followed as outpatients for 21 ± 7 months. One third of patients continued to take dofetilide at 1 year. One patient had a cardiac arrest 1 day after hospital discharge. Conclusion: Dofetilide is a well-tolerated antiarrhythmic drug with a high conversion rate of AF to sinus rhythm. One third of patients maintained sinus rhythm at 1 year. Proarrhythmia can occur and initiation of therapy must be performed in-hospital. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 14, pp. S287-S290, December 2003, Suppl.)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-8167.2003.90402.x
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CVD Mullite Coatings in High-Temperature, High-Pressure Air–H2O (2000)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 83 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Crystalline mullite was deposited by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) onto SiC/SiC composites overlaid with CVD SiC. Specimens were exposed to isothermal oxidation tests in high-pressure air + H2O at 1200°C. Unprotected CVD SiC formed silica scales with a dense amorphous inner layer and a thick, porous, outer layer of cristobalite. Thin coatings (∼2 μm) of dense CVD mullite effectively suppressed the rapid oxidation of CVD SiC. No microstructural evidence of mullite volatility was observed under these temperature, pressure, and low-flow-rate conditions. Results of this preliminary study indicate that dense, crystalline, high-purity CVD mullite is stable and protective in low-velocity, high-pressure, moisture-containing environments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01250.x
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