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  • 2000-2004  (2)
  • 1970-1974  (1)
  • 1930-1934
  • (H2O)2HCl  (1)
  • Anal incontinence  (1)
  • Avian lumbar spinal cord  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 43 (2000), S. 1213-1216 
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Anal incontinence ; Fecal incontinence ; Artificial bowel sphincter ; ABS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: Anal incontinence is a socially disabling problem affecting 1 to 2 percent of the population. Anal sphincter replacement is a treatment option if the problem is severe and not amenable to direct repair. The artificial bowel sphincter is an innovative approach. We report the technique for placement and the outcomes which have occurred in an initial series of 13 patients. METHODS: The Acticon Neosphincter® artificial bowel sphincter consists of an inflatable cuff of silicone elastomer placed around the anal canal and connected to a pressure-regulating balloon in the iliac fossavia a control pump placed in the labium or scrotum. Thirteen patients with severe anal incontinence not amenable to other methods were treated. Causes of incontinence included obstetric damage in eight patients, surgical damage in two patients, imperforate anus in two patients, and spina bifida in one patient. RESULTS: Surgical placement of the device was straightforward, mean operating time was 65 minutes, and median length of stay was 3.6 days. One infection of the perineal wound occurred in the early postoperative period necessitating removal of the device. In two further patients the artificial bowel sphincter was removed because of late infection in one at seven months and because of erosion through the skin in another at three months. The artificial bowel sphincter has been activated in ten patients resulting in full continence to solids and liquids except in one patient with postvagotomy diarrhea who had some leakage of liquids during episodes of diarrhea. The mean (± standard deviation) continence score (Cleveland Clinic system; maximal incontinence = 20) changed from 18.7 ± 1.6 preoperatively to 2.1 ± 2.6 after activation (P〈0.0001). Quality of life measured using a continence-specific series of up to 39 questions changed from 77 ± 16 percent of maximal reduction of quality preoperatively to 12 ± 19 percent postoperatively (P〈0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The artificial bowel sphincter can be placed without technical difficulty and with low morbidity. Preliminary experience shows full restoration of continence in most patients and ease of use. Longer follow-up is needed to determine the extent of problems with infection, erosion, and mechanical failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical chemistry accounts 104 (2000), S. 195-198 
    ISSN: 1432-2234
    Keywords: Key words: Symmetry-adapted perturbation theory ; Three-body interactions ; Ab initio calculations ; (H2O)2HCl
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract.  The nature and importance of nonadditive three-body interactions in the (H2O)2HCl cluster have been studied by the supermolecule coupled-cluster method and by symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT). The convergence of the SAPT expansion was tested by comparison with the results obtained from the supermolecule coupled-cluster calculations including single, double, and noniterative triple excitations [CCSD(T)]. It is shown that the SAPT results reproduce the converged CCSD(T) results within 3% at worst. The SAPT method has been used to analyze the three-body interactions for various geometries of the (H2O)2HCl cluster. It is shown that the induction nonadditivity is dominant, but it is partly quenched by the first-order Heitler–London-type exchange and higher-order exchange–induction/deformation terms. This implies that the classical induction term alone is not a reliable approximation to the nonadditive energy and that it will be difficult to approximate the three-body potential for (H2O)2HCl by a simple analytical expression. The three-body energy represents as much as 21–27% of the pair CCSD(T) intermolecular energy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 145 (1973), S. 89-101 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Glycogen body ; Avian lumbar spinal cord ; Aminergic innervation ; Drug treatment ; Glycogen bioassay ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit der Methode von Falck-Hillarp lassen sich im Rückenmark der Vögel Bündel fluoreszierender Nervenfasern nachweisen, die in Höhe des Glykogenkörpers (Lumbalwulst) seitlich an dieses Organ grenzen, von wo aus zahlreiche Fasern in den Glykogenkörper eindringen. Vergleichend-anatomisch gehören die fluoreszierenden Areale des Rückenmarks zu den autonomen Zentren. Es wurde versucht, mit Pharmaka, die das autonome Nervensystem beeinflussen oder Krämpfe erzeugen, das Glykogen des Lumbalwulstes zu mobilisieren (Quantitative Glykogenbestimmung nach Krisman, 1962). Besondere Beachtung verdient die elektronenmikroskopische Feinstruktur der Zwickelräume zwischen den großen Glykogenkörperzellen, wo Ausläufer dieser Zellen und Nervenfasern eng beieinander liegen. Die Kapillaren des Glykogenkörpers werden fast vollständig von Ausläufern seiner Zellen umscheidet.
    Notes: Summary With the method of Falck-Hillarp bundles of fluorescent nerve fibers were observed in the vicinity of the avian lumbar glycogen body. They encompass the glycogen body laterally. Numerous fluorescent fibers penetrate from this border zone into the glycogen. The fluorescent regions of the avian lumbar spinal cord belong to the autonomic centers. Attempts were made to decrease the high glycogen content of the glycogen body by administering drugs which act on the autonomic system, and also by using convulsant drugs. Glycogen was estimated quantitatively by the Krisman method (1962). Electron micrographs show that the triangular spaces between the enlarged cells of the glycogen body are occupied by the processes of these cells and by nerve fibers. The capillaries of the glycogen body are nearly completely ensheathed by the processes of the glycogen-body cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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