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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 78 (1974), S. 1478-1481 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 9 (2002), S. 3595-3599 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Spectra of energetic electrons in the 100 keV range were measured from the interaction of intense femtosecond laser pulses with clusters of xenon or argon. The interaction of 28 fs pulses with cluster targets revealed quite different results with respect to applied laser intensity. At the laser intensity of 1×1016 W/cm2, the absorption by xenon clusters was about 25%; however, at the laser intensity of 1×1017 W/cm2, the laser energy absorption drastically increased to 78%, and the efficient coupling between the laser pulse and cluster target produced electrons with energy as high as 500 keV. The estimated hot electron temperatures ranged from about 30 to 90 keV depending on atoms and backing pressures. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 90 (2001), S. 3894-3898 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The AgInS2 epilayers with a chalcopyrite structure grown using a hot-wall epitaxy method have been confirmed to be a high quality crystal. From the optical absorption measurement, the temperature dependence of the energy band gap on AgInS2/GaAs was found to be Eg(T)=2.1365 eV−(9.89×10−3 eV)T2/(2930+T). After the as-grown AgInS2/GaAs was annealed in AgInS2/GaAs has been investigated by using the photoluminescence (PL) at 10 K. The native defects of VAg, VS, Agint, and Sint obtained from PL measurements were classified as a donors or acceptors type AgInS2/GaAs to an optical p type. Also, we confirmed that In in AgInS2/GaAs did not form the native defects because In in AgInS2 did exist in the form of stable bonds. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 7206-7208 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Finite-size effects in Bi lines of cross section 3 μm×w, where w=8–120 μm, have been studied. The lines were made by optical lithography followed by electrodeposition. At T=5 K, the magnetoresistance (MR) decreases monotonically with decreasing line width of the Bi films, from 44 000% at w=120 μm to 4000% at w=8 μm in a field of 50 kOe. The decrease of the MR with decreasing linewidth is due to a decrease of the size-limited effective-mean-free path. At low temperatures, both the resistivity and the magnetoresistivity show a strong dependence on w, whereas at room temperature, they are independent of w. The MR at room temperature remains at about 230% for linewidths w=8–120 μm at 50 kOe. This demonstrates that microstructured Bi lines can be made for field-sensing applications without compromising their MR characteristics. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 1819-1821 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Soft x-ray spectra (40–180 Å) produced by the interaction of 25 fs laser pulses at an intensity of ∼7×1016 W/cm2 with a cryogenically cooled Ar gas jet have been measured. New spectral lines from Ar8+ and Ar9+ charge states appeared with decreasing gas temperature. Nonlinear increase of x-ray line emission from Ar7+, Ar8+, and Ar9+ was observed with cooling, which saturated below certain temperature. The drastic change in the spectrum is attributed to efficient collisional heating and collisional ionization of growing (102–103 atoms) Ar clusters from the cooled jet. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 4 (1974), S. 157-172 
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Hot Hydrogen Atom Reactions ; Molecular Evolution ; Interstellar Chemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Hot hydrogen atoms which are photochemically generated initiate reactions among mixtures of methane, ethane, water and ammonia, to produce ethanol, organic amines, organic acids, and amino acids. Both ethanol and ethyl amine can also act as substrates for formation of amino acids. The one carbon substrate methane is sufficient as a carbon source to produce amino acids. Typical quantum yields for formation of amino acids are approximately 2–4 · 10-5. In one experiment, 6 protein amino acids were identified and 8 non-protein amino acids verified utilizing gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. We propose that hot atoms, especially hydrogen, initiate reactions in the thermodynamic non-equilibrium environment of interstellar space as well as in the atmospheres of planets.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 4 (1974), S. 173-178 
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Reactions ; Paraformaldehyde ; Formaldehyde ; Inorganic Compounds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Both paraformaldehyde and formaldehyde undergo reactions in the presence of several inorganic compounds to generate a variety of interesting organic products that can be important in chemical evolutionary processes. Some examples are acrolein, acetaldehyde, methyl formate, methanol, glycolaldehyde and formic acid. The organic compounds are produced at temperatures as low as 56°C and in high yield (up to 75%). The quantity produced depends principally on the nature of the inorganic compound, the ratio of the inorganic compound to paraformaldehyde, temperature and reaction time. The percent distribution of product depends on some of the foregoing factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 251 (1974), S. 719-719 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Sera were obtained from five children (aged 4.5?12.5 yr) with CF, and compared with sera from four normal children (aged 5?12 yr). Serum lipids were extracted with chloroform?methanol (2 : I)2 and subjected to thin-layer chromatography on silica gel G using hexane?ether?glacial acetic acid (first ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 13 (1973), S. 305-310 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Phospholipid ; Bone Matrix ; Synthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'incorporation et la disparition de l'orthophosphate32P dans les phospholipides sériques et les phospholipides des os diaphysaires et métaphysaires du rat ont été étudiés de 0 à 70 heures. La lécithine, lysolécithine, sphingomyéline et phosphatidyl éthanolamine dans les métaphyses et les diaphyses présentent des types similaires d'apparition et de disparition avec un pic à 24 heures, décroissant progressivement, avec quelques petites différences dans la décroissance des divers phospholipides. La phosphotidyl sérine montre cependant une courbe différente pour la métaphyse et la diaphyse. Dans la région métaphysaire, la phosphotidyl sérine, que l'on peut extraire avant décalcification, montre un profil similaire à d'autres phospholipides mais, après décalcification, le pic apparait plus tôt et décroit plus progressivement. Cependant, dans la région diaphysaire, il augmente graduellement vers un maximum avant décalcification et décroit en quantité après décalcification, avec une valeur minime apparaissant à 70 heures. Ces résultats confirment des études antérieures faisant intervenir la phosphotidyl sérine dans la formation osseuse au niveau de la métaphyse, mais cette substance ne semble pas intervenir dans le turnover osseux diaphysaire.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Der Einbau und das Verschwinden von32P-Orthophosphat in den Serum-Phospholipiden und in den Phospholipiden der Metaphysen- und Diaphysenknochen der Ratte wurden von 0 bis 70 Std untersucht. Lecithin, Lysolecithin, Sphingomyelin und Phosphatidyl-Ethanolamin zeigten ähnliche Muster des Erscheinens und Verschwindens in Metaphysen und Diaphysen, mit einer Spitze bei 24 Std und dann allmählichem Absinken, wobei bei der Abfallgeschwindigkeit nur ganz geringe Unterschiede zwischen den verschiedenen Phospholipiden beobachtet wurden. Phosphatidylserin hingegen zeigte ein etwas verschiedenes Muster zwischen Metaphyse und Diaphyse. Im Metaphysenbereich zeigte das extrahierbare Phosphatidylserin vor der Entkalkung ein den anderen Phospholipiden ähnliches Muster, aber nach der Entkalkung wurde die Spitze früher erreicht und das Absinken erfolgte langsamer. Im Diaphysenbereich hingegen stieg es vor der Entkalkung allmählich zu einem Maximum an und verminderte sich nach der Entkalkung, wobei der niedrigste Wert nach 70 Std gemessen wurde. Diese Resultate bestätigen früher publizierte Befunde, welche dem Phosphatidylserin eine Rolle bei der Knochenbildung in der Epiphyse, jedoch keine Beteiligung am Knochenumbau der Diaphyse zuschreiben.
    Notes: Abstract The incorporation and disappearance of32P orthophosphate into serum phospholipids and into the phospholipids of the metaphyseal and diaphyseal bones of the rat were studied from 0 to 70 hours. Lecithin, lysolecithin, sphingomyelin and phosphatidyl ethanolamine in the metaphyses and diaphyses showed similar patterns of appearance and disappearance, peaking at 24 hours and gradually falling, with only slight differences in the rate of fall being seen between the various phospholipids. Phosphatidyl serine, however, showed a somewhat different pattern between the metaphysis and the diaphysis. In the metaphyseal region the extractable phosphatidyl serine before decalcification showed a pattern similar to other phospholipids but after decalcification it peaked earlier and decreased more gradually. However, in the diaphyseal region it gradually rose to a maximum before decalcification and diminished in amount after decalcification with the minimal value appearing at 70 hours. The data support previously published data which implicates phosphatidyl serine in bone formation at the epiphyseal line but do not support a role for this substance in diaphyseal bone turnover.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Lung neoplasms ; CT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in the prevalence of patterns of CT bronchus sign in malignant solitary pulmonary lesions (SPLs), according to their histologic cell types and with respect to size, location, and degree of cell differentiation. Computed tomography scans of 78 patients, in whom pathologically confirmed malignant SPLs with CT bronchus sign were present, were randomly selected and reviewed by two radiologists under consensus. All 78 were CT scans done using spiral technique with 10-mm collimation and 10-mm reconstruction intervals with enhancement, and 75 included additional high-resolution CT scans. Lesions were classified into four cell types as squamous cell carcinoma (n = 24), small cell carcinoma (n = 12), adenocarcinoma (n = 23), bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC; n = 9), and others (n = 12), into three degrees of differentiation, into three size groups, and according to location (central or peripheral). Patterns of CT bronchus sign were classified into abruptly obstructing (I), patent (II), displacing (III), or tapered narrowing (IV) types. The relationships between the patterns of CT bronchus sign and cell type and degree of cell differentiation were evaluated. Eighty patterns of CT bronchus sign were observed in 78 patients. According to cell type, squamous cell carcinoma showed most often type-I pattern (45.8 %) but no type-II pattern, which was the most common pattern observed in BAC (77.8 %) and adenocarcinoma (34.8 %; p 〈 0.01). Small cell carcinoma showed a varied distribution among the four patterns of CT bronchus sign. According to location, in central squamous cell carcinomas, type-I pattern was more common(55 %; p 〈 0.01). Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma showed more peripheral lesions and in both central and peripheral lesions, type-II pattern was significantly more common (100 and 66.7 %; p 〈 0.01). In SPLs with CT bronchus sign of obstructing pattern, especially if central location, squamous cell carcinoma should be suspected, whereas in SPLs with patent CT bronchus sign, regardless of the location, the strong possibility of BAC should be considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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