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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of competence pheromone responsive genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae by use of DNA microarrays (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 51 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Natural genetic transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae is controlled in part by a quorum-sensing system mediated by a peptide pheromone called competence-stimulating peptide (CSP), which acts to coordinate transient activation of genes required for competence. To characterize the transcriptional response and regulatory events occurring when cells are exposed to competence pheromone, we constructed DNA microarrays and analysed the temporal expression profiles of 1817 among the 2129 unique predicted open reading frames present in the S. pneumoniae TIGR4 genome (84%). After CSP stimulation, responsive genes exhibited four temporally distinct expression profiles: early, late and delayed gene induction, and gene repression. At least eight early genes participate in competence regulation including comX, which encodes an alternative sigma factor. Late genes were dependent on ComX for CSP-induced expression, many playing important roles in transformation. Genes in the delayed class (third temporal wave) appear to be stress related. Genes repressed during the CSP response include ribosomal protein loci and other genes involved in protein synthesis. This study increased the number of identified CSP-responsive genes from approximately 40 to 188. Given the relatively large number of induced genes (6% of the genome), it was of interest to determine which genes provide functions essential to transformation. Many of the induced loci were subjected to gene disruption mutagenesis, allowing us to establish that among 124 CSP-inducible genes, 67 were individually dispensable for transformation, whereas 23 were required for transformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03907.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multi-material and advanced geometry deposition via laser chemical vapor deposition (2003)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Rapid prototyping journal 9 (2003), S. 14-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1355-2546
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Laser chemical vapor deposition (LCVD) as a manufacturing process holds the potential to build compositionally and geometrically unique objects. Georgia Tech's LCVD system has been used in the past to create three-dimensional and laminate structures out of carbon. Recently molybdenum and boron nitride were successfully deposited and upgrades to the system have allowed for higher spatial resolutions and more varied geometric capabilities. Upgrades include the addition of a fourth linear stage and implementation of an argon ion laser. Detailed thermal and fluid modeling have provided more insight as to the important parameters and characteristics of the LCVD process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13552540310455601
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    INTEGRATING LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT AND HYDROLOGIC MODELING FOR LAND COVER CHANGE ANALYSIS (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 38 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: : Significant land cover changes have occurred in the watersheds that contribute runoff to the upper San Pedro River in Sonora, Mexico, and southeast Arizona. These changes, observed using a series of remotely sensed images taken in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, have been implicated in the alteration of the basin hydrologic response. The Cannonsville subwatershed, located in the Catskill/Delaware watershed complex that delivers water to New York City, provides a contrast in land cover change. In this region, the Cannonsville watershed condition has improved over a comparable time period. A landscape assessment tool using a geographic information system (GIS) has been developed that automates the parameterization of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and KINEmatic Runoff and EROSion (KINEROS) hydrologic models. The Automated Geospatial Watershed Assessment (AGWA) tool was used to prepare parameter input files for the Upper San Pedro Basin, a subwatershed within the San Pedro undergoing significant changes, and the Cannonsville watershed using historical land cover data. Runoff and sediment yield were simulated using these models. In the Cannonsville watershed, land cover change had a beneficial impact on modeled watershed response due to the transition from agriculture to forest land cover. Simulation results for the San Pedro indicate that increasing urban and agricultural areas and the simultaneous invasion of woody plants and decline of grasslands resulted in increased annual and event runoff volumes, flashier flood response, and decreased water quality due to sediment loading. These results demonstrate the usefulness of integrating remote sensing and distributed hydrologic models through the use of GIS for assessing watershed condition and the relative impacts of land cover transitions on hydrologic response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2002.tb05534.x
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  • 4
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    John Gower's Reputation: Literary Allusions from the Early Fifteenth Century to the Time of 'Pericles' (1971)
    Cambridge, etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    The Yearbook of English studies. 1 (1971) 30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0306-2473
    Topics: English, American Studies
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:m191-1971-001-00-000003
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The genome sequence of Bacillus anthracis Ames and comparison to closely related bacteria (2003)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 423 (2003), S. 81-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Bacillus anthracis is an endospore-forming bacterium that causes inhalational anthrax. Key virulence genes are found on plasmids (extra-chromosomal, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules) pXO1 (ref. 2) and pXO2 (ref. 3). To identify additional genes that might contribute ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01586
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patient-assessed outcome up to three months in a randomised controlled trial comparing laparoscopic with open groin hernia repair (2000)
    Springer
    Hernia 4 (2000), S. 73-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1248-9204
    Keywords: Inguinal hernia ; Randomised controlled trial ; Health status measures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The objective was to compare laparoscopic with open groin hernia repair in respect of patient-assessed outcome up to three months post-operatively. As part of a multicentre pragmatic trial 716 patients were recruited in 13 UK hospitals and randomly assigned to receive laparoscopic or open repair. Most participants were men (95%) with unilateral hernias (92.5%) which were inguinal (98.5%). Questionnaires were completed one week, one month, and three months after surgery. The principal endpoints were groin pain and return to usual social activities. The other outcomes were herniaspecific questions and the SF-36, EQ-5D and HADS measures. All analyses were by intention to treat. At one week and one month, respectively 10.3% and 13.9% fewer people in the laparoscopic group had groin pain and 27.7% and 37.2% fewer had numbness (all P 〈 0.001). Return to usual social activities was quicker in the laparoscopic group (P = 0.01). The laparoscopic group also had significantly more favourable scores at one week in five SF-36 subscales (physical functioning (P 〈 0.001), social functioning (P = 0.004), role physical (P 〈 0.001), role mental (P = 0.003) and pain (P 〈 0.001)), the EQ-5D utility score (P = 0.003) and the depression subscale of HADS (P = 0.001), and at one month in two SF-36 subscales (physical functioning (P = 0.01) and role physical (P = 0.01)). There was no detectable advantage by three months. Our findings that short-term outcome was better for patients allocated laparoscopic repair are consistent with other trials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02353747
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On singular features of acoustic wave propagation in weakly dissipative anisotropic thermoviscoelasticity (2000)
    Springer
    Acta mechanica 140 (2000), S. 1-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-6937
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The joint effect of viscosity and heat conductivity on the propagation of plane bulk acoustic waves is studied in the low-loss approximation. Weak dissipation has significant impact on wave properties in the neighborhood of those acoustic axes (directions of phase-speed degeneracy occurring in the absence of dissipation) which are not parallel to symmetry axes and which therefore split into pairs of degenerate complex wave vectors not lying in symmetry planes. The bifurcation nature of the wave branches in the neighboring domain and the drastically changing polarization features are analyzed. Wave solutions containing linear spatial dependence of the pre-exponential amplitude admitted along pairwise directions of wave-vector degeneracy are studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01175976
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in colorectal cancer liver metastases (2000)
    Springer
    Clinical & experimental metastasis 18 (2000), S. 21-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7276
    Keywords: colorectal cancer ; cyclooxygenase-2 ; immunohistochemistry ; liver resection ; metastasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is up-regulated in 85-90% of primary human colorectal cancers and is a putative target for the chemopreventative activity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, COX-2 expression by human colorectal cancer liver metastases has been poorly characterized. We studied a consecutive series of 38 patients who underwent liver resection for metastatic disease, for whom long-term (up to 57 months), prospective follow-up data were available. Semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry for COX-2 was performed on 54 metastases from 35 patients, for whom adequate histological material was available. Diffuse cytoplasmic staining for COX-2 protein was detected in cancer cells in 100% of metastases (COX-2 score 1, n=25; score 2, n=29). There was no relationship between metastasis size or differentiation grade and the level of COX-2 protein expression. There was no difference in colorectal cancer-free or overall survival between patients with high (score 2) and low (score 1) COX-2 scores (Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and log rank test, both P=0.97). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified age, incomplete resection and presence of extra-hepatic disease as independent predictors of disease-free and overall survival following surgery. COX-2 protein was also localized to a subset of stromal fibroblasts and mononuclear cells within metastases as well as hepatocytes from resection specimens. COX-2 protein was expressed by cancer cells in all human colorectal cancer liver metastases which were studied. Investigation of the effect of selective COX-2 inhibition on metastasis growth and metastasis cancer cell proliferation/apoptosis in vivo are warranted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026553605636
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling Runoff Response to Land Cover and Rainfall Spatial Variability in Semi-Arid Watersheds (2000)
    Springer
    Environmental monitoring and assessment 64 (2000), S. 285-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2959
    Keywords: watershed modeling simulation ; surface water hydrology ; GIS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Hydrologic response is an integrated indicator of watershed condition, and significant changes in land cover may affect the overall health and function of a watershed. This paper describes a procedure for evaluating the effects of land cover change and rainfall spatial variability on watershed response. Two hydrologic models were applied on a small semi-arid watershed; one model is event-based with a one-minute time step (KINEROS), and the second is a continuous model with a daily time step (SWAT). The inputs to the models were derived from Geographic Information System (GIS) theme layers of USGS digital elevation models, the State Soil Geographic Database (STATSGO) and the Landsat-based North American Landscape Characterization classification (NALC) in conjunction with available literature and look up tables. Rainfall data from a network of 10 raingauges and historical stream flow data were used to calibrate runoff depth using the continuous hydrologic model from 1966 to 1974. No calibration was carried out for the event-based model, in which six storms from the same period were used in the calculation of runoff depth and peak runoff. The assumption on which much of this study is based is that land cover change and rainfall spatial variability affect the rainfall-runoff relationships on the watershed. To validate this assumption, simulations were carried out wherein the entire watershed was transformed from the 1972 NALC land cover, which consisted of a mixture of desertscrub and grassland, to a single uniform land cover type such as riparian, forest, oak woodland, mesquite woodland, desertscrub, grassland, urban, agriculture, and barren. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using widely available data sets for parameterizing hydrologic simulation models. The simulation results show that both models were able to characterize the runoff response of the watershed due to changes of land cover.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006445811859
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