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Notes: We have performed electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements on the S=1 quasi-one-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet, Ni(C5H14N2)2N3(PF6) in the field induced long range ordered (LRO) phase. From the ESR experiments, two branches are observed, one of which is assigned to an antiferromagnetic resonance mode and the other to a one-dimensional excitation that persists in the LRO phase. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.

Notes: The results of electron spin resonance measurements at high frequencies are reported on the antiferromagnet FeI2 with strong uniaxial anisotropy. We have found new signals whose g value is 16.5 together with the signal with g=7.0 reported before [Fert et al., Solid State Commun. 26, 693 (1978)]. We interpret these electric spin resonance signals as originating from single-ion four magnon and two magnon bound states, respectively. Some of the exchange interaction constants are determined from the analysis of the results. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.

Notes: A β titanium alloy of Ti–15Mo–5Zr–3Al (KS15-5-3) is presented as a new material for experimental apparatus to be used at extreme conditions of high pressure, low temperature, and high magnetic field. The material has a tensile strength of 1760 MPa at room temperature and is found to be a Pauli paramagnet with nearly temperature-independent magnetization M/B∼3×10−2 (mJ/T g)/T, except for T〈TC∼2.5 K. Using this material, we developed a high-pressure clamp cell for measuring the magnetization in a commercial superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer (Quantum Design MPMS2). This pressure cell can be used in the pressure range 0〈P〈1.0 GPa and temperatures T〉TC. To illustrate the performance of this cell, we present experimental results on a one-dimensional alternating bond antiferromagnet with S=1:Ni(333-tet)(μ-NO2)(ClO4) [333-tet denotes N,N′-bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,3-propanediamine]. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.

Notes: Application criteria of steroid therapy for the patients of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) have not yet been established. The purpose of the present study was to establish retrospectively the clinical and pathological criteria for the steroid therapy by using a histological scoring on 104 adult patients of IgAN. Steroid therapy was designated as an administration of prednisolone in the amount of more than 30 mg per day in the period of more than 4 weeks within 1 year of kidney biopsy.We developed our own scoring system for the following main glomerular and tubulointerstitial changes as shown in 〈link href="#t1"〉Table 1. The histological scoring was expressed by evaluating semiquantitatively the extent of glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions in terms of activity index (AI) and chronicity index (CI). Activity index is the sum of graded score according to the extent of glomeruli with mesangial hypercellularity, intracapillary macrophagic infiltration and cellular crescent as well as to the extent of interstitial inflammation and tubulitis. Chronicity index is the sum of graded score according to the extent of glomeruli with global sclerosis, increase of extracellular matrices or periglomerular fibrosis, and tuft adhesion or fibrous (or fibrocellular) crescent as well as to the extent of interstitial fibrosis (〈link href="#t1"〉Table 1).〈tabular xml:id="t1"〉1〈title type="main"〉 Histological scoring 〈table frame="topbot"〉〈tgroup cols="5" align="left"〉〈colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" align="left"/〉〈colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" align="center"/〉〈colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" align="center"/〉〈colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" align="center"/〉〈colspec colnum="5" colname="col5" align="center"/〉〈thead valign="bottom"〉〈row rowsep="1"〉Score0123〈tbody valign="top"〉〈entry namest="col1" nameend="col5" align="left"〉AI: Activity Index〈entry namest="col1" nameend="col5" align="left"〉G: glomerularm: mesangial hypercellularity−〈 40%〈 80%≥ 80%i: intracapillary macrophage infiltration−+++e: cellular crescent0〈 30%≥ 30%〈entry namest="col1" nameend="col5" align="left"〉I: tubulointerstitiali: interstitial inflammation−+++t: tubulitis−+++〈entry namest="col1" nameend="col5" align="left"〉CI: Chronicity Index〈entry namest="col1" nameend="col5" align="left"〉G: glomerulars: global sclerosis〈 10%〈 30%〈 50%≥ 50%i: increase of extracellular matrix〈 10%〈 30%〈 50%≥ 50%e: fibrous (or fibrocellular) crescent, adhesion〈 10%〈 30%〈 50%≥ 50% I: tubulointerstitial
 interstitial fibrosis〈 10%〈 30%〈 50%≥ 50%〈note xml:id="t1_note5" numbered="no"〉AI: AGm + AGi + AGe*2 + AIi + Ait, CI: CGS + CGi + CGe + CIFor the applicability of steroid therapy, three groups were categorized by evaluating the statistical significance for the correlation of AI, CI and daily amount of urine protein to the outcome of the patients as follows (〈link href="#t2"〉Table 2). In group A (inappropriate indication of steroid therapy) which showed CI ≥ 5 alone, 10 out of 11 cases revealed decline of renal function (Cr ≥ 1.2 mg/dL and Ccr 〈 80 mL/min) within 2.2–19.3 years (mean 9.0 ± 6.4 years) without respect to steroid therapy. In group B (unnecessary indication of steroid therapy) which showed CI 〈 5, AI 〈 5, and UP 〈 1 g/day, 58 out of 60 cases showed normal renal function (Cr 〈 1.2 mg/dL and Ccr ≥ 80 mL/min) within 4.2–21.6 years (mean 10.1 ± 4.7 years). In group C (necessary indication of steroid therapy) which showed CI 〈 5 and AI ≥ 5 or UP ≥ 1 g/day, patients with steroid therapy revealed significantly higher incidence of outcome with normal renal function (12 out of 13 patients, final evaluation of renal function in 6.8 ± 2.3 years after renal biopsy) than that of the patient without steroid therapy (seven out of 20 cases, evaluation of renal function in 9.2 ± 4.0 years after renal biopsy) (P 〈 0.01) (〈link href="#t3"〉Table 3). In the 13 patients with steroid therapy in group C (steroid pulse in four patients, prednisolone 40 mg/day internally in three patients, predonisolone 30 mg/day internally in six patients) showed a significant decrease of proteinuria and remained until final evaluation time (〈link href="#t4"〉Table 4).〈tabular xml:id="t2"〉2〈title type="main"〉 Application criteria of steroid therapy 〈mediaResource alt="image" href="urn:x-wiley:13205358:NEP15:NEP_15_t2"/〉〈tabular xml:id="t3"〉3〈title type="main"〉 Comparison of steroid (−) with steroid (+) in the group of ‘necessary’ 〈table frame="topbot"〉〈tgroup cols="4" align="left"〉〈colspec colnum="1" colname="col1" align="left"/〉〈colspec colnum="2" colname="col2" align="center"/〉〈colspec colnum="3" colname="col3" align="center"/〉〈colspec colnum="4" colname="col4" align="center"/〉〈thead valign="bottom"〉〈row rowsep="1"〉steroid therapy+− P 〈row rowsep="1"〉no.1320〈tbody valign="top"〉〈entry namest="col1" nameend="col4" align="left"〉At Renal Biopsyage (years)〈entry align="char" char="[plusmn]"〉31.5 ± 12.936.3 ± 13.0nsUP (g/day)〈entry align="char" char="[plusmn]"〉2.3 ± 1.91.3 ± 0.5〈 0.05Cr (mg/dL)〈entry align="char" char="[plusmn]"〉0.8 ± 0.30.9 ± 0.1nsCCr (mL/min)〈entry align="char" char="[plusmn]"〉111 ± 4392 ± 34nsHypertension (n)19ns+ ACEI (n)410nsFollow-up years from
 renal biopsy〈entry align="char" char="[plusmn]"〉6.8 ± 2.39.2 ± 4.0ns〈entry namest="col1" nameend="col4" align="left"〉End of follow-upCr (mg/dL)〈entry align="char" char="[plusmn]"〉0.8 ± 0.35.5 ± 6.6〈 0.01 Normal renal function
 (n)127 Renal insufficiency (n)16〈 0.01 Dialysis (n)07〈tabular xml:id="t4"〉4〈title type="main"〉 Change of urine protein in the 13 cases with steroid treatment in the group of 'necessary' 〈mediaResource alt="image" href="urn:x-wiley:13205358:NEP15:NEP_15_t4"/〉From the results above, our evaluation system using histological scoring together with grading proteinuria was proven to be useful in estimating the applicability of steroid therapy for adult IgAN patients.

Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei Kaninchen mit experimenteller Herpes-Infektion der Cornea wurde täglich 1 Ampulle Pyrifer II i.v. injiziert. Unter dieser Behandlung zeigte sich im Vergleich zu Kontrolltieren eine verkürzte Inkubationszeit, eine verlängerte Abheilungszeit und ein schwererer Verlauf mit stärkerer Parenchymbeteiligung und tiefer Keratitis. Entsprechend waren mehr und stärkere Hornhautnarben nach Abheilung sichtbar.

Notes: The radiation-induced polymerization of ethylene was carried out by use of a benchscale plant with a flow-type reactor of 1 liter capacity under the following conditions: pressure, 200-400 kg/cm2; temperature, 30-90°C; irradiation intensity, 3.8 × 105 rad/hr; and ethylene flow rate, 300-3000 nl/hr. The molecular weight of polymer formed was shown to decrease with increasing reaction temperature and to increase with increasing pressure. When the ethylene flow rate increases, the molecular weight decreases in the polymerization at 30-60°C, but it does not change in the polymerization at 75-90°C. Methyl group content, which is a measure of short-chain branching of the polymer, increases with increasing reaction temperature, i.e., ca. 1 CH3/1000 CH2 at 30°C and ca. 9 CH3/1000 CH2 at 90°C. Methyl content is independent of the ethylene flow rate. The changes in the melt index of polymer with reaction conditions corresponds to the change of the molecular weight. The density, crystallinity, and melting point of polymer decrease with the reaction temperature as the short-chain branching increases, and they are almost independent of ethylene flow rate and pressure.