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  • 2000-2004  (6)
  • 1960-1964  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased incidence of azathioprine-induced pancreatitis in Crohn's disease compared with other diseases (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 20 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Azathioprine is widely used in Crohn's disease. A major drawback is the occurrence of side-effects, especially acute pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis is rarely seen when azathioprine is used for other diseases than Crohn's disease.Aim : To survey side-effects of azathioprine after liver or renal transplantation, for systemic lupus erythematosis, Wegener's granulomatosis, autoimmune hepatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease.Methods : A computerized search using the term ‘azathioprine’ or ‘imuran’ was performed on the Hospital Information System of the university hospital Groningen, resulting in 1564 patients matching our criteria.Results : Eleven of 224 patients with Crohn's disease experienced acute pancreatitis (4.9%) compared with two of 129 (1.5%) with autoimmune hepatitis, two of 388 (0.5%) after renal transplantation, one of 254 (0.4%) after liver transplantation. Acute pancreatitis was more prevalent in Crohn's disease compared with any other disease. Azathioprine-toxicity necessitating withdrawal occurred significantly (P 〈 0,05) more in rheumatoid arthritis(78 of 317), ulcerative colitis (20 of 94) and Crohn's disease (52 of 224) compared with systemic lupus erythematosis (five of 73), Wegener's granulomatosis (six of 85), autoimmune hepatitis (eight of 129), after liver transplantation (17 of 254) and after renal transplantation (22 of 388).Conclusions : Acute pancreatitis is strongly associated with Crohn's disease and rarely occurs with other underlying conditions. Overall azathioprine-induced toxicity and the necessity of withdrawal is more common in inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis compared with other diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02197.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HIGH TEMPERATURE DISPROPORTIONATION OF LOWER VANADIUM OXIDES REACTING WITH BARIUM OXIDE1 (1962)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 66 (1962), S. 2273-2275 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100817a511
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aleukaemic leukaemia cutis in a patient with acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukaemia (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 28 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2230.2003.01273.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Size-scaling of zooplankton foraging in Arctic charr (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 62 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Prey capture rate (number of prey s−1) and the mode of feeding of Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus were studied by performing foraging experiments with two sizes (1·1 and 1·8 mm) of Daphnia longispina prey. Arctic charr were particulate feeders at all densities tested. Adjusted for the effect of prey density, the capture rate showed a hump-shaped relationship with Arctic charr size for both sizes of D. longispina. Estimated attack rates (a) also tended to show a hump-shaped relationship with fish size. The estimated size-scaling exponent of the attack rate function, however, was relatively small, implying small changes in attack rate over fish sizes. Simultaneous estimations of a and handling time were used in combination with published data on fish metabolism and dry mass rations of prey to estimate maintenance resource density of prey as a function of Arctic charr mass. Maintenance resource densities increased monotonically with Arctic charr size, and rapidly as optimum fish size relative to attack rate on prey was passed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00071.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biomass size distributions as a tool for characterizing lake fish communities (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 63 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Biomass size distributions (BSDs) can be useful tools to (1) summarize complex information about fish community structure in a condensed graphical form, facilitating the characterization of freshwater fish communities, (2) compare the position of fish communities along environmental gradients and (3) elucidate major trophic interactions in freshwater fish communities. Biomass size distributions are presented by taxonomic and trophic group, for a selection of fish communities from 35 Scandinavian and eight Dutch lakes. They were used for the analysis of taxonomic and trophic shifts in the fish communities along a large environmental gradient, with productivity (expressed as total phosphorus concentration, TP) as its most important component. Regression analysis of fish community variables (such as proportion of cyprinids, or biomass of benthivores) were consistent with the semi-quantitative conclusions drawn from BSDs, regarding taxonomic and trophic shifts with changes in TP in both Scandinavian and Dutch lakes, especially an increase in the amount and size of benthivorous fishes with increasing TP-levels. In addition, differences in mortality and growth rates were shown to partly explain differences in BSDs. Biomass size distributions thus provide an integrative tool for qualitative and quantitative comparisons among fish communities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2003.00258.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production and predation rates in a cannibalistic Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus L.) population (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Ecology of freshwater fish 10 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0633
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract – Production of cannibalistic Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus (L.)) and their prey conspecifics were estimated in an allopatric population, situated in an alpine ultraoligotrophic lake in central Norway. Estimates of population abundance were obtained by mark recapture and successive removal experiments. Assuming stable age distribution, we estimated mean yearly biomass (±95% CL) of char in sampled size groups vulnerable to predation (60 to 150 mm) to 7.93 (5.11–14.30) kg · ha−1. Similarly, mean yearly biomass (±95% CL) of cannibalistic char (〉 250 mm) was estimated to 0.62 (0.50–1.06) kg · ha−1. Annual production (±95% CL) of char in length groups 60 to 150 mm was estimated to be 4.31 (2.74–8.03) kg · ha−1 · year−1, and production (±95% CL) of cannibalistic char to 0.19 (0.15–0.33) kg · ha−1 · year−1. Depending on the food conversion factor (set to vary from 0.1 to 0.4), the cannibalistic char removed from 10% to 40% of the production of char in sampled size-classes vulnerable to predation yearly. The overall ecological efficiency in energy transfer between the prey and predator population was 4.4%./〉
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0633.2001.100404.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydroquinine pharmacokinetics after oral administration in adult patients with muscle cramps (2000)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 56 (2000), S. 263-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Hydroquinine ; Pharmacokinetics ; Muscle cramps
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: This study was conducted to determine the pharmacokinetic properties of hydroquinine after oral administration in adult patients with muscle cramps. The main reason for this study was the poor availability of pharmacokinetic data, hindering the design of studies to explore the possible relationship between hydroquinine concentrations and effects. Methods: Sixteen adult patients with a clinical history of muscle cramps were given once-daily oral doses of 300 mg hydroquinine hydrobromide for 4 days. Serum and saliva samples were taken following a predefined schedule until 24 h after the last dose. Urine was collected during the study period. Hydroquinine concentrations were measured, and calculations were made of pharmacokinetic parameters using non-linear curve fitting. Results: Pharmacokinetics of hydroquinine could be best described using a one-compartment open model. After oral administration, hydroquinine was rapidly absorbed (mean ± SD: maximum concentration 2.43 ± 0.68 mg/l; time to maximum concentration 1.4 ± 1.2 h; lag time 0.54 ± 0.50 h). With an elimination half-life of 10.9 ± 6.1 h, steady-state was reached in several days. The distribution volume was 1.24 ± 0.29 l/kg, total clearance was 6.7 ± 3.2 l/h. The measured unbound hydroquinine fraction was 8.6 ± 3.0%. No correlation was found between saliva and serum concentrations. Cumulative urinary excretion of unchanged hydroquinine 24 h after the first dose was 35.5 ± 9.2 mg. Conclusion: Pharmacokinetic properties of hydroquinine are roughly similar to those of quinine. The unchanged fraction of hydroquinine excreted in urine is higher than that reported for quinine. Saliva hydroquinine concentrations could not be related to serum values. Steady-state trough or other fixed-time serum concentrations may prove useful for further optimisation of hydroquinine dosage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280000128
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