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  • 2000-2004  (3)
  • 1950-1954
  • locus of control  (2)
  • Anal incontinence  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Restoring control (2000)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 43 (2000), S. 1213-1216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Anal incontinence ; Fecal incontinence ; Artificial bowel sphincter ; ABS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: Anal incontinence is a socially disabling problem affecting 1 to 2 percent of the population. Anal sphincter replacement is a treatment option if the problem is severe and not amenable to direct repair. The artificial bowel sphincter is an innovative approach. We report the technique for placement and the outcomes which have occurred in an initial series of 13 patients. METHODS: The Acticon Neosphincter® artificial bowel sphincter consists of an inflatable cuff of silicone elastomer placed around the anal canal and connected to a pressure-regulating balloon in the iliac fossavia a control pump placed in the labium or scrotum. Thirteen patients with severe anal incontinence not amenable to other methods were treated. Causes of incontinence included obstetric damage in eight patients, surgical damage in two patients, imperforate anus in two patients, and spina bifida in one patient. RESULTS: Surgical placement of the device was straightforward, mean operating time was 65 minutes, and median length of stay was 3.6 days. One infection of the perineal wound occurred in the early postoperative period necessitating removal of the device. In two further patients the artificial bowel sphincter was removed because of late infection in one at seven months and because of erosion through the skin in another at three months. The artificial bowel sphincter has been activated in ten patients resulting in full continence to solids and liquids except in one patient with postvagotomy diarrhea who had some leakage of liquids during episodes of diarrhea. The mean (± standard deviation) continence score (Cleveland Clinic system; maximal incontinence = 20) changed from 18.7 ± 1.6 preoperatively to 2.1 ± 2.6 after activation (P〈0.0001). Quality of life measured using a continence-specific series of up to 39 questions changed from 77 ± 16 percent of maximal reduction of quality preoperatively to 12 ± 19 percent postoperatively (P〈0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The artificial bowel sphincter can be placed without technical difficulty and with low morbidity. Preliminary experience shows full restoration of continence in most patients and ease of use. Longer follow-up is needed to determine the extent of problems with infection, erosion, and mechanical failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02237423
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Faculty Stressors, Job Satisfaction, and Psychological Distress Among University Teachers in Hong Kong: The Role of Locus of Control (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of stress management 7 (2000), S. 121-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3424
    Keywords: faculty stressors ; psychological distress ; locus of control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Abstract The study aimed at identifying the sources of stress, and investigating their effects on job satisfaction and psychological distress among 106 university teachers (86 males, 20 females) from four tertiary institutes in Hong Kong. Another purpose of the study was to examine the moderating effect of locus of control on stressor-strain relationships. A factor analysis of the faculty stressors revealed six factors: recognition, perceived organizational practices, factors intrinsic to teaching, financial inadequacy, home/work interface, and new challenge. A series of stepwise multiple regressions demonstrated that recognition, perceived organizational practices, and financial inadequacy were best predictors of job satisfaction, whereas perceived organizational practices and home/work interface were the best predictors of psychological distress. Further, external locus of control was associated with low job satisfaction and psychological distress. A series of hierarchical moderated regressions demonstrated a moderating effect of locus of control on some of the stressor-strain relationships.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009584202196
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Managerial Stress, Locus of Control, and Job Strain in Taiwan and UK: A Comparative Study (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of stress management 7 (2000), S. 209-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3424
    Keywords: managerial stress ; cross-cultural comparisons ; locus of control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Abstract This study investigated managerial stress in Taiwan and UK using the Occupational Stress Indicator-2 (OSI-2) and the Work Locus of Control (WLCS) scale. Results showed that the reliability and validity of the measures used were acceptable and comparable in the two samples. There were similarities as well as differences in managerial stress in the two countries. “Recognition” and “Managerial role” were important predictors of strain for the Chinese managers, whereas “Relationships,” “Organizational climate,” and “Personal responsibility” were important predictors of strain for UK managers. There were consistent moderating (vulnerability) effects of internal control for the Taiwanese managers. Results corroborated some previous studies conducted in the West. However, caution was also suggested for generalizing Western-originated concepts and theories across cultural boundaries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009518315691
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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