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  • 2000-2004  (3)
  • 1945-1949
  • Medical training system  (1)
  • PACS. 75.70.-i Magnetic films and multilayers - 73.20.At Surface states, band structure, electron density of states - 75.50.Pp Magnetic semiconductors  (1)
  • Plant injury/stimulation Induced current/magnetic field SQUID magnetometer Injury-induced signal propagation Post-injury distribution of electrical activity  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 40 (2000), S. 290-294 
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Virtuelle Realität ; Medizinischer Trainingssimulator ; Simulation arthroskopischer Eingriffe ; Chirurgische Ausbildung ; Key words Virtual reality ; Medical training system ; Simulation of arthroscopic procedures ; Surgical training
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The subject of this paper is a highly interactive medical training system for arthroscopic surgery; this is based on computer graphics and virtual reality (VR) techniques and offers an alternative to conventional training methods. To provide the virtual environment, a realistic 3D representation of the knee joint is derived from 2D medical image data. The use of tracking techniques guarantees an intuitive handling of the surgical instruments. The system allows navigation via a virtual camera and interaction with the virtual anatomical structures. First approaches for the simulation of tissue deformation caused by collisions with the instruments are implemented. One important advantage over conventional training systems is the possibility of verifying the training progress. Work is in progress on the realization of tactile feedback with the aim of providing a higher degree of interactive realism.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Unzufriedenheit mit den traditionellen Ausbildungsmethoden in der endoskopischen Chirurgie führte zur Entwicklung eines Arthroskopietrainingssimulators, der Computergraphik und Techniken der Virtuellen Realität (VR) einsetzt. Basierend auf einem kernspintomographischen Bilddatensatz konnte mit Hilfe von Bildverarbeitungsmethoden und Visualisierungstechniken ein realistisches dreidimensionales Modell des Kniegelenks mit allen diagnostisch relevanten anatomischen Strukturen generiert und in den Simulator integriert werden. Die VR-Benutzer-Schnittstelle des Arthroskopietrainingssimulators besteht aus 2 Hauptkomponenten, der 3D-Interaktion, die das Führen der Instrumente realisiert, und der 2D-Benutzungsoberfläche, die das visuelle Feedback und die Kontrolle der Trainingssitzung ermöglicht. Auf diese Weise ist ein intuitives Handling der Instrumente garantiert. Der Chirurg ist in der Lage, eine arthroskopische Untersuchung an einem virtuellen Kniegelenk durchzuführen. Dazu sind auch erste Ansätze zur Simulation von Gewebeverformung implementiert, die aufgrund von Instrumenteinwirkungen auftreten. Diskussion: Der VR-basierte Trainingssimulator stellt eine Alternative bzw. Ergänzung zu den traditionellen Trainingsmethoden dar. Um die Akzeptanz weiter zu erhöhen, muss jedoch die Integration eines Kraftrückkopplungssystems realisiert werden, das gewebespezifische künstliche Widerstände erzeugt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 29 (2000), S. 515-522 
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Plant injury/stimulation Induced current/magnetic field SQUID magnetometer Injury-induced signal propagation Post-injury distribution of electrical activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. A superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) multichannel magnetometer was used to measure the temporal and spatial evolution of the magnetic field accompanying stimulation by burning and/or cutting of Vicia faba plants. These magnetic fields are caused by ionic currents that appear after injury in different parts of the plant. All measured V. faba plants responded to the burning stimulation with detectable quasi-d.c. magnetic signals. In order to measure these signals, a suitable modulation had to be used. The covariance method was applied to analyse the measured data. The results demonstrate a dipolar-like magnetic signal, exponentially decreasing in time, above the cutting type of injury. After the burning stimulation, the magnetically detected activity was concentrated predominantly above the leaves/petioles and less above the stem. Possible mechanisms for this behaviour are suggested. A comparison with previously known electrical measurements of plant injury is given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 16 (2000), S. 705-718 
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 75.70.-i Magnetic films and multilayers - 73.20.At Surface states, band structure, electron density of states - 75.50.Pp Magnetic semiconductors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The aim of this work is to find a simple analytic model to explain some principal aspects of the behavior of surface states in correlated electron systems. We start from the analytic expression for the Green function of the semi-infinite tight binding linear chain. This Green function in case of modification of the center of gravity of the first atom and the change in coupling between the first and the second atom is evaluated as an exact analytic expression. Conditions for the existence and classification of surface states are given. The spectral weight of surface states and the local density of states are evaluated. The method is applied to a s.c. (100) surface of a local moment crystal. Conditions for the existence of surface states are derived and their locations in the Brillouin zone are predicted. It is shown that it is possible to include correlation effects within the framework of the discussed model. The comparison with former numerical results is performed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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