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  • 1
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Al-Mg granulites, with cordierite, garnet, sapphirine, orthopyroxene, sillimanite, spinel, phlogopite, K-feldspar, plagioclase and variable quartz from Ihouhaouene (In Ouzzal, Algeria), display a range of decompression textures involving the breakdown of orthopyroxene and sillimanite, and of garnet. The succession of parageneses suggests that the P–T–t evolution corresponds to decompression with cooling from peak conditions of about 950°C and 10 kbar. This decompression path is obtained from the paragenetic analysis in the FMAS system. However, according to current KFMASH grids, this P–T–t evolution should take place outside the stability field of phlogopite+quartz; yet this assemblage is probably stable during most of the P-T evolution, notably during peak metamorphism. This discrepancy is interpreted as the effect of the high content of F in phlogopite which should shift its stability limit towards higher temperature. The consequences of this shift on the phase relationships in the KFeMASH system are investigated and it is concluded that a topological inversion could exist in the F-bearing system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of metamorphic geology 14 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Many thermodynamic calculations relating to metamorphic rocks hinge on the thermodynamic parameters of garnet. Though some models are widely used, it is not clear whether their underlying premise is correct: that a single set of equations can be written for the activities of the end-members of garnet covering the whole compositional range. A voluminous body of data can be used to constrain the thermodynamics of garnet, namely Fe–Mg exchange experimental data involving garnet and another mineral, particularly clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene and olivine. However, examination of these data reveals inconsistencies, apparently stemming from differences between the thermodynamics of low-Ca and high-Ca garnets, with a boundary of about XgCa= 0.15. In the two regions, for the high P–T of the experimental data, the thermodynamics follow the regular model, with values for the interaction parameters in the low Ca region of about wgFeMg= 50R and waFe–wgMgCa=– 1300R, in which R is the gas constant, and in the high Ca region of about wgFeMg= 1100R and wgCaFe–wgMgCa=– 2200R. Using the subregular, rather than the regular, model does not remove the discrepancy. The cause of the discrepancy needs to be identified if reliable calculations on rocks are to be made.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of metamorphic geology 14 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: In the Hlinsko region (Variscan Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic) a major extensional shear zone separates low-grade metasedimentary series (Hlinsko schists) and high-grade rocks of the Moldanubian terrane (Svratka Crystalline Unit). During late-Variscan extension, a tonalite intruded syntectonically into the normal ductile shear zone, and caused contact metamorphism of the overlying schists. Concurrent syntectonic sedimentation of a flysch series took place at the top of the hangingwall schists. In order to decipher the detailed petrological evolution of the Hlinsko unit situated in the hangingwall of this tectonic contact, a phase diagram approach and petrogenetic grids, calculated with the thermocalc computer program, were used.The crystallization/deformation relationships and the paragenetic analysis of the Hlinsko schists define a P–T path with an initial minor increase in pressure followed by cooling. Calculated pseudosections constrain this anticlockwise P-T evolution to the upper part of the andalusite field between 0.36 and 0.40 GPa for temperatures ranging from 570 to 530°C. A low aH2O is required to explain the presence of andalusite-biotite-bearing assemblages, and could be related to the presence of abundant graphite.In contrast, the footwall rocks of the Svratka Crystalline Unit record decompression from around 0.8 GPa at a relatively constant temperature, followed by cooling. Thus, the footwall and the hangingwall units display opposite, but convergent P–T histories. Decompression in the footwall rocks is related to a rapid exhumation. We propose that the inverse, anticlockwise P–T path recorded in the hangingwall pelites is related to the rapid, extension-controlled sedimentation of the overlying flysch series.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Low-pressure granulite facies metasedimentary gneisses exposed in MacRobertson Land, east Antarctica, include hercynitic spinel-bearing metapelitic gneisses. Peak metamorphic mineral assemblages include spinel + rutile + ilmenite + sillimanite + garnet, spinel + ilmenite + sillimanite + garnet + cordierite, ortho-pyroxene + magnetite + ilmenite + garnet, spinel + cordierite + biotite + ilmenite and orthopyroxene + cordierite + biotite, each with quartz, K-feldspar and melt. The presence of garnet + biotite- and cordierite + orthopyroxene-bearing assemblages implies crossing tie-lines in AFM projection for the K2O-FeO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O (KFMASH) system. This apparent contradiction, and the presence of spinel, rutile and ilmenite in the assemblages, is acounted for by using the KFMASH-TiO2-O2 system, i.e. AFM + TiO2+ Fe2O3. We derive a petrogenetic grid for this system, applicable to low-pressure granulite facies metamorphic conditions. Retrograde assemblages are interpreted from corona textures on hercynitic spinel and Fe-Ti oxides. The relative positions of the peak and retrograde metamorphic assemblages on the petrogenetic grid suggest that corona development occurred during essentially isobaric cooling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of metamorphic geology 5 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The sedimentary and igneous rocks comprising the lower Proterozoic Olary Block, South Australia, were deformed and metamorphosed during the mid-Proterozoic ‘Olarian’Orogeny. The area is divided into three zones on the basis of assemblages in metapelitic rocks, higher grade conditions occurring in the south-east. Mineral assemblages developed during peak metamorphism, which accompanied recumbent folding, include andalusite in Zones I and II and sillimanite in Zone III. Upright folding and overprinting of mineral assemblages occurred during further compression, the new mineral assemblages including kyanite in Zone II and kyanite and sillimanite in Zone III. The timing relationships of the aluminosilicate polymorphs, together with the peak metamorphic and overprinting parageneses, imply an anticlockwise P–T path for the ‘Olarian’Orogeny, pressure increasing with cooling from the metamorphic peak.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of metamorphic geology 14 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Some granulites from the Amessmessa area (south In Ouzzal unit, Hoggar) contain the peak assemblage gedrite+garnet+sillimanite+quartz that was used to estimate the P–T conditions of metamorphism. The rocks developed symplectites and corona textures by the breakdown of the primary paragenesis to orthopyroxene, cordierite and spinel. The successive parageneses formed in separate microdomains according to a clockwise P–T path. Geothermometry, geobarometry and phase diagram calculations indicate that the textures formed by decompression and cooling from 7–9 kbar and 850–900°C to 3.5–4.5 kbar and 700–800°C. This P–T evolution is consistent with low to medium aH2O, between 0.4 and 0.7, and is similar to the metamorphic conditions deduced in Al–Mg granulites from the north of In Ouzzal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of metamorphic geology 5 (1987), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract In the Bois de Cené area, blueschist facies rocks, characterized by glaucophane and/ or chloritoid, provide evidence for a suture zone in the Variscan. This terrain is considered to be the eastern equivalent of the Ile de Groix high-pressure metamorphic terrain. Petrological study of the two characteristic types of rocks found in the area shows that the primary high-pressure paragenesis was modified during a retrogression which followed substantial decompression, probably at constant or decreasing temperature. The simplest interpretation is that this retrogression followed tectonic emplacement within a nappe pile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Journal of metamorphic geology 14 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: In the Laouni region (Central Hoggar, Algeria), retrogression of high-grade orthopyroxene–cordierite-bearing rocks led to the crystallization of orthoamphibole and garnet, and at a later stage of chlorite, from the original paragenesis. Calculated phase diagrams show that this retrogression occurred at about 3 kbar with the simplest model involving hydration at 650–700° C and at around 500° C, with the rocks experiencing aH2O less than 1, except possibly in the last stages of chlorite crystallization. As the other rock types occurring in the same area as the orthopyroxene–cordierite rocks display similar features, it is concluded that regional hydration occurred, presumably related to the release of fluids during the crystallization of the Pan-African granitic and mafic magmas that are widespread in the Laouni area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of metamorphic geology 14 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of metamorphic geology 14 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1525-1314
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Granulite facies quartzites from the Ihouhaouene region, in the northern part of In Ouzzal, contain the assemblage corundum+quartz+magnetite together with hercynitic spinel+quartz+magnetite, sillimanite+quartz+magnetite and almandine-rich garnet+quartz+magnetite. Two types of corundum have been recognized: the first is primary and is found with quartz and magnetite only; the second type is found together with magnetite and chlorite rimming spinel as a fine-grained corona. The textures show that spinel-rich magnetite probably exsolved primary corundum, sillimanite, spinel and garnet during the cooling history. The secondary corundum formed later from the spinel already exsolved from magnetite. The secondary corundum is certainly metastable with respect to quartz. This may also apply for the primary corundum. However, given the high-temperature setting of this rock, it cannot be excluded that the stable contacts observed between primary corundum and quartz indicate equilibrium between the two phases. Taking into account the uncertainties in the thermodynamic data, the stability of this assemblage would imply that this part of In Ouzzal has recorded very high P–T conditions, above 1100°C at 12 kbar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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