ISSN:
1365-2494
Quelle:
Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
Thema:
Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
Notizen:
Responses of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) to nitrogen (N) fertilizer application rates and timings vary widely, because water is often limiting. Yield response to N fertilizer application during autumn, late-winter and spring, and the associated efficiency of use of these inputs, was assessed under conditions of non-limiting soil moisture during two, one-year lysimeter studies in Canterbury, New Zealand. There were significant (P 〈 0·05) increases in seed and herbage yields with increasing N fertilizer application. Seed yields differed with year; greatest yields were 300 g m−2 in 1996 and 450 g m−2 in 1997. Seed head numbers (r2=0·77), seeds head−1 (r2=0·92) and herbage yield (r2=0·92) were the major determinants of seed yield in both years. Irrigation required to maintain the soil between 70% and 90% of field capacity was directly related (r2=0·94 and 0·99 in 1996 and 1997 respectively) to increases in herbage yield.Seed yield, seed quality (thousand seed weight and percentage of seed 〉 1·85 mg), efficiency of water use, efficiency of N fertilizer use and apparent N fertilizer recovery were greatest when N fertilizer was applied at a rate of 50 kg N ha−1, 50 or 100 kg N ha−1 and 150 kg N ha−1 in autumn, late-winter and spring respectively; further increases in spring N fertilizer stimulated vegetative growth, but not seed yield.As a management strategy, applying N fertilizer to match the N requirements of the crop during the reproductive stage of growth will result in high yields of high quality seed while minimizing environmental impact.
Materialart:
Digitale Medien
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2000.00233.x
Permalink
