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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Luminescence properties of nanocrystalline Y2O3:Eu3+ in different host materials (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 1679-1686 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this study, the optical properties of nanocrystalline europium doped yttria, Y2O3:Eu3+ were investigated in dependence on different caging hosts such as porous MCM-41, porous silica, and porous alumina with pore sizes ranging between 2.7 to 80 nm. These results were compared to nanopowders measured in air and aqueous solution whose particle sizes were 5 nm and 8 nm, respectively. All these results were compared to a commercial lamp phosphor powder with a grain size of about 5 μm. The structural properties of the samples were determined by x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Investigated optical properties are the photoluminescence emission spectra, the excitation spectra, the lifetimes, and the quantum efficiencies. A heavy dependence of the charge transfer process on the surrounding will be reported and discussed. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1333033
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Local lung responses following local lung challenge with recombinant lungworm antigen in systemically sensitized sheep (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 31 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Chronic mast cell-mediated inflammation may contribute significantly towards the extensive tissue remodelling that is a feature of lungworm infection in ruminants. Understanding the factors that control tissue remodelling is a necessary step toward effective management and treatment of conditions that feature such pathology.Objective We sought to define in a novel ovine model system, the cellular, immune and mast cell phenotypic events that occur following local lung challenge with a recombinant protein antigen, DvA-1, derived from the ruminant lungworm nematode, Dictyocaulus viviparus.Methods Two spatially disparate lung segments in systemically sensitized sheep were challenged on three occasions with DvA-1 (3xDVA) and two further segments were challenged with saline (3xSAL). Two months after the third challenge, one of the two segments previously repeatedly challenged with DvA-1 was challenged again with DvA-1 (3xDVA:DVA) whilst the other was challenged with saline (3xDVA:SAL). A similar protocol was followed with the saline challenged segments (3xSAL:SAL and 3xSAL:DVA). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) (n = 16) and tissue (n = 3) were collected after the last challenge.Results Cellular changes 24 h after the fourth challenge were characterized by an increase in the absolute numbers of neutrophils and eosinophils in BALF from 3xDVA:DVA and 3xSAL:DVA segments. Local antibody production was implied through increased levels of antibody in both 3xDVA:DVA and 3xDVA:SAL segments, with the latter being unaffected by inflammation. Levels of active transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) were significantly increased in 3xDVA:SAL segments and a trend towards an increase was apparent in 3xDVA:DVA segments. Total TGF-β1 levels were significantly correlated with eosinophil counts in all except the 3xDVA:SAL segments. Such changes in the bronchoalveolar space were complemented by increased ratios of sheep mast cell proteinase-1 expressing cells and tryptase expressing cells, to toluidine blue positive cells in airways from 3xDVA:DVA segments.Conclusion Mast cell phenotypic events occurring as a consequence of antigen challenge were limited to segments in which changes in BALF were characterized by neutrophil influx and increased local antibody production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2222.2001.01225.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neoteny or not? The distribution of the hypophysial duct within the Galaxioidea (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 64 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The hypophysial duct, a hollow tube of tissue linking the pituitary gland and the buccal cavity, was found in adults of all the galaxiid genera examined except Aplochiton and Paragalaxias. The pituitary structure in these genera, however, indicated that the duct was probably once present and has been subsequently lost. The duct was absent in the other galaxioid families, Retropinnidae and Lepidogalaxiidae. Mapping the distribution of the duct onto a DNA sequence-based phylogeny suggests that the embryological duct was retained in a galaxiid ancestral to Aplochiton, with subsequent losses in Aplochiton and Paragalaxias.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2004.00385.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immune response to Anisakis simplex and other ascarid nematodes (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Anisakis simplex is a nematode parasite belonging to the Ascaroidea group, which includes several species of medical importance, and the immune response to A. simplex is discussed with reference to some of these. The strong Th2 reaction usually provoked by nematodes seems to occur only in the context of infection, and exposure to nonviable antigens fails to do so. This would imply either that allergic reactions to A. simplex require prior infection, or that a classical atopic response is responsible, and the cause possibly varies among patients. The antibody response to secreted and exposed surface antigens of A. simplex is strong, and should be explored as potentially a better antigen source for serodiagnosis than somatic materials, and it might also be useful in addressing the question of the role of infection in predisposing to allergic reactions. As in toxocariasis, both secreted and shed surface antigens of A. simplex could provide a focus for inflammatory lesions in tissue-invasive larvae. Humans respond heterogeneously to A. simplex allergens, and experience with other nematodes would indicate that this is due to genetic control of the immune repertoire by the major histocompatibility complex, a fact which, in turn, might have clinical implications. A. simplex is known to produce allergens similar to the ABA-1 of Ascaris, which represents a structurally novel class of fatty acid and vitamin A-binding protein. This and other recently described nematode proteins are known to be highly stable to thermal denaturation and can recover their structures, biochemical activities, and allergenicity upon cooling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.03402.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TTF-1 is useful in the diagnosis of pulmonary papillary adenoma (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 43 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2559.2003.01695.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) genotype does not predict adverse drug reactions to thiopurine drugs in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 18 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Azathioprine and mercaptopurine (MP) are well established treatments for inflammatory bowel disease but they have severe adverse effects that prevent their use in some patients. The likelihood and type of adverse effect may relate to thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) enzyme activity and genotype.Aim : To compare the TPMT genotype frequencies in patients with inflammatory bowel disease who have had severe adverse effects to those who tolerate azathioprine or MP (controls).Methods : Patients with inflammatory bowel disease who had been treated with azathioprine or MP in Christchurch between 1996 and 2002 were identified. Patients with adverse effects, and controls, were invited to provide a peripheral blood sample for analysis of TPMT genotype. The genotype frequencies were then compared between the two groups.Results : Fifty-six patients were identified with adverse effects requiring cessation of therapy, of which 50 were genotyped. Reactions included allergic-type (25%), hepatitis (33%), nausea/vomiting (14%), bone marrow suppression (10%), pancreatitis (6%) and other (12%). Five of 50 patients with reactions had TPMT genotype *1/*3, one had *3/*3, and the rest had the wildtype genotype *1/*1. The patient with genotype *3/*3 had severe pancytopenia requiring hospitalization. Three of 50 controls had the *1/*3 genotype and the rest were *1/*1.Conclusions : The TPMT allele frequency in our population with inflammatory bowel disease is similar to that reported elsewhere. There was a slight trend for more frequent TPMT mutations in the patients with adverse reactions, but this was not statistically significant. Most patients with reactions did not have gene mutations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01690.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Introduction: lipid-binding proteins: novel aspects (2000)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 57 (2000), S. 1343-1344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words. Fatty-acid-binding proteins; lipocalins; trans-membrane fatty acid transporters; placenta; retinol; protein:protein interaction; protein:membrane interaction, uterocalin.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Lipid-binding proteins function to transport lipids across membranes and aqueous phases and act to solubilise their cargo, protect it from chemical damage and probably also to define its destination. As such, they have been adapted to carry out a broad spectrum of biological functions in addition to their classical roles in energy metabolism and the transmission or blocking of retinoid-based signalling. The set of reviews in this issue of CMLS is designed to draw attention to some newly understood aspects and principles of their biology and structure, and concentrates on the proteins involved in transport of fatty acids and retinoids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00000619
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel uterine lipocalin supporting pregnancy in equids (2000)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 57 (2000), S. 1373-1378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words. Lipocalin; equine; uterus; pregnancy; embryo.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Horses, donkeys, and therefore, probably all equids, secrete a nonglycosylated, progesterone-dependent, 19-kDa protein (P19) into the uterine lumen during early pregnancy, and significant quantities of it are taken up by the developing conceptus. Sequence analysis and structural modelling have identified P19 as a lipocalin with greatest similarity to the murine major urinary protein lipocalins. However, lack of strong identity with any particular group of lipocalins and several unusual structural features, including a unique amino acid triplet within one of the invariant domains and an unusual external tryptophan residue, classify it as a new member of the lipocalin family. P19 is therefore likely to be a transport protein involved in supporting early embryonic development. Preliminary evidence using recombinant-derived P19 and fluorescently tagged ligands suggests that it may transport a fatty acid or retinol-like molecule. Although an initial search failed to identify homologues of P19 in other mammals, they may nevertheless exist but are synthesised and secreted in much smaller quantities, making them difficult to detect. Equids appear to need particularly large quantities of the protein during early pregnancy because of the unusually late implantation in this species and the presence of a capsule surrounding the conceptus until about day 23 of gestation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00000622
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sticky-finger interaction sites on cytosolic lipid-binding proteins? (2000)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 57 (2000), S. 1379-1387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words. Fatty acid binding proteins; lipocalins; cellular retinol-binding proteins; cytosolic lipid-binding proteins; protein:membrane interaction; tryptophan.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The cytosolic lipid-binding proteins (cLBPs) comprise a large family of small (14–15 kDa) intracellular proteins involved in the transport of small lipids, including fatty acids and retinoids within cells. Their presumed function is to solubilise, protect from chemical damage and deliver to the correct destination lipids for purposes ranging from energy metabolism (e.g. fatty acids) to signalling, gene activation and cellular differentiation (e.g. retinoids and eicosanoids). It is therefore probable that cLBPs interact directly with cellular components (membranes and/or proteins) to collect and deposit their ligands, and some external features of the different cLBPs may be involved in such interactions and determine which cellular component (integral membrane or cytosolic proteins, or membranes of different lipid compositions or domain structures) with which a given cLBP will interact. Here we have focussed on a previously unrecognised feature of cLBPs which descriminates between those for which there is empiral evidence for direct interaction with membranes, and those which do not. This is a group of bulky hydrophobic amino acid side chains (e.g. tryptophans, phenylalanines, leucines) which project directly into solvent adjacent to the portal of entry and exit of the lipid ligands. Such side chains are usually found internal to proteins, but are common at sites of protein:protein or protein:membrane interactions. These ‘sticky fingers’ could therefore be critical to the nature and specificity of the interactions cLBPs undergo in the web of cross-traffic in lipid movements within cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00000623
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chaotic Oscillators Derived from Sinusoidal Oscillators Based on the Current Feedback Op Amp (2000)
    Springer
    Analog integrated circuits and signal processing 24 (2000), S. 239-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1979
    Keywords: chaos ; chaotic oscillators
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A collection of novel chaotic oscillators displaying behavior similar to that of the chaotic Colpitts oscillator and requiring the same number and type of energy storage elements is proposed. The oscillators use as an active element the current feedback op amp (CFOA) mostly employed as a current negative impedance converter (INIC). Nonlinearity is introduced through a two-terminal voltage-controlled nonlinear device with an antisymmetric driving-point characteristic. The chaos generators are designed based on sinusoidal oscillators that have been modified for chaos in a semi-systematic manner. By using CFOAs, several attractive features are attained, in particular suitability for high frequency operation. Systems of third- and fourth-order ordinary differential equations describing the chaotic behaviors are derived. Experimental results, PSpice circuit simulations and numerical simulations of the derived mathematical models are included.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008369810214
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