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  • 2000-2004  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : During raw and refined sugars processing, chemical changes occur that affect yield and end product color. Model sucrose solutions of 65 and 15 brix were treated with invert sugar levels of 0 to 4%, adjusted to pH 6 to 9, then processed 85 7deg;C for 0 to 6 h. Sucrose loss was correlated with changes in invert sugar concentration under acid conditions. Invert sugars concentrations were correlated with color development under alkaline conditions. At both 65 and 15 brix sucrose, and pH below 7.5, samples showed a 25% increase in invert sugars from acid hydrolysis. Sucrose loss was 1.6% with 3% invert sugar present. At pH 8.5 and higher, color increased in direct correlation with invert sugar concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective  To investigate a putative relationship between preterm delivery and the carriage of polymorphic genes that code for the cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) at codon +3953 and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) at codon −308 in a group of postpartum women and to elucidate if the concurrent presence of periodontal disease increased the risk of preterm delivery in this group.Design  Case–control studySetting  Postnatal wards at Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital Trust.Population  Postpartum women from southeast London, UK.Methods  Case subjects were defined as those who experienced a birth at less than 37 weeks of gestation. Control subjects gave birth at term. Demographic data were collected and a periodontal examination was performed. Blood samples were collected and analysed by restriction fragment length polymerase techniques for the presence of each of the allelic variants.Main outcome measures  The level of periodontal disease and the carriage of allelic variants of IL-1β+3953 and TNF-α−308 genes.Results  Forty-eight case subjects and 82 control subjects were assessed. There was no statistically significant difference in the carriage of the IL-1β+3953 allelic variant between cases and controls (29%versus 18%, P= 0.112). However, 23 (48%) of the case subjects and 24 (29%) of controls were heterozygous or homozygous for the variant TNF-α−308 gene (odds ratio [OR] 2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0–5.0, P= 0.026). There was no association between the carriage of either the polymorphic IL-1β+3953 or TNF-α−308 variant and the severity of periodontal disease. The combination of periodontal disease and the allelic variant did not increase the risk of preterm delivery.Conclusions  In this study, a higher proportion of women who delivered preterm carried the polymorphic TNF-α−308 gene. There did not appear to be any interaction between either of the genotypes and periodontal disease with preterm delivery as has been reported for bacterial vaginosis and the TNF-α−308 polymorphic gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 57 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A postal survey was sent to members of the Association of Cardiothoracic Anaesthetists to ascertain current practice in the use of pharmacological agents as cerebral protectants during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. The response rate was 60%. Eighty-three per cent of respondents used some form of pharmacological agent specifically for cerebral protection. Fifty-nine per cent of respondents used thiopental, 29% used propofol and 48% used a variety of other agents, the most common of these being a steroid. There were variations in the dose and timing of administration of drugs. Few respondents believed that there was a body of evidence to support this use of pharmacological agents. Only 35% of respondents believed there to be sufficient evidence to support the use of thiopental. Similarly, only 11% of respondents believe that there is evidence supporting the use of propofol, and 16% the use of steroids. The above findings demonstrate that it would not be possible to create a ‘best practice’ set of guidelines at present. A national database of all cases of adult thoracic surgery involving deep hypothermic cardiac arrest, with methodology and outcome, could probably establish such guidelines, evidence based.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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