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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultraviolet mini-Raman lidar for stand-off, in situ identification of chemical surface contaminants (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 3485-3489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The Mini-Raman Lidar System (MRLS) is a portable chemical sensor that combines the spectral fingerprinting of Raman spectroscopy with the principles of solar-blind ultraviolet lidar for short-range, noncontact detection and identification of unknown substances on surfaces. The MRLS has the potential to detect contaminant films several microns thick at distances of meters and bulk quantities of substances at distances of tens of meters. The signal acquisition time is less than 1 min. The device has application to those involved in emergency response, environmental remediation, and military reconnaissance who respond initially at the site of a chemical spill or attack. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1288255
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of arrays of two-dimensional micropatterns using microspheres as lenses for projection photolithography (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 2273-2275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This letter demonstrates the use of an array of transparent microspheres in forming repetitive, micrometer-scale patterns in photoresist, starting from masks with centimeter-scale patterns. A transparent microsphere with diameter d〉1.5 μm acts as a lens and reduces centimeter-scale images into micrometer-scale images on its image plane. A planar array of microspheres projects the image of an illuminated mask onto a corresponding array of micropatterns on their common image plane. We have prepared arrays of polystyrene microspheres (d=1.5–10 μm) embedded in a transparent membrane to generate repetitive patterns in photoresist, and have transferred the resulting patterns into metal films by liftoff. The optical system of this technique is related to that used in conventional projection photolithography, but differs in that the lens that accomplishes size reduction is positioned within 10 μm of the photoresist. The microspheres generate uniform patterns over an area of ∼2 cm2, using a mask with area ∼25×25 cm2 illuminated with a white light source. This method can generate submicron features either within a micropattern or between neighboring patterns. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1351525
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal oxide of polycrystalline silicon on steel foil as a thin-film transistor gate dielectric (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 3729-3731 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The gate dielectric of polycrystalline silicon thin-film transistors on steel foil substrates was grown by direct thermal oxidation. The silicon dioxide was formed on the polysilicon channel layer by dry oxidation for 40 min at 950 °C. Self-aligned sources and drains were ion implanted. The thin-film transistors have electron mobilities of ∼30 cm2⋅V−1 s−1 in both the linear and saturated regimes, off currents of 35 pA/μm, and on/off current ratios of ∼ 106. The thin-film transistors function even though they are processed at 950 °C separated from steel by only 0.5 μm of SiO2, and at room temperature may be under compressive strain as high as 1%. The implementation of conventional high-temperature fabrication techniques makes polycrystalline silicon on steel foil a strong contender for flexible electronic backplanes. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1377319
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECT OF VACUUM PACKAGING ON THE COLOR OF FROZEN SUGAR APPLE (ANNONA SQUAMOSA L.) (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food quality 23 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4557
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Sugar apples at 70–80 % of ripeness were individually quick frozen, with or without vacuum packaging, and stored for 12 months. Insignificant discoloration was observed in the vacuum-packed samples, while serious change was observed in the control (nonvacuum-packed samples). The main phenolic compounds in the sugar apples at 4 degree maturity were determined to be (+) catechin (272.9 ppm), chlorogenic acid (84.7 ppm), eugenol (21.3 ppm) and gallic acid (15.9 ppm). Fruits with higher maturity exhibited higher polyphenoloxidase (PPO) activity. However, PPO activity decreased the longer the storage period, especially in the nonvacuum-packed fruits. Residual contents of those four phenolic components and of chlorophyll in the vacuum-packed sugar apples were higher than those in the nonvacuum-packed fruits during frozen storage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4557.2000.tb00216.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A case study of the SMEs' organizational restructuring in Taiwan (2001)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Industrial management & data systems 101 (2001), S. 492-501 
    Details
    ISSN: 0263-5577
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science , Economics
    Notes: Business process reengineering (BPR) has been widely applied in many enterprises. However, most cases have targeted large enterprises. In Taiwan, small and medium enterprises (SMEs), which account for at least 95 per cent of all enterprises, have played an extremely important role in Taiwan's economic growth. The question of whether those SMEs can successfully implement BPR in order to strengthen their management structure is an important issue. Undertakes a detailed case study of an SME whose profits had fallen dramatically and which successfully implemented organizational restructuring (OR). Discovers that, although the SME in question did not make use of information technology to achieve the goal of organizational restructuring, by adopting use of BPR concepts and methods it achieved its goal of transformation. The model used for the implementation procedure of OR should provide a useful reference for other SMEs in Taiwan seeking to achieve perpetual operation, because most SMEs will eventually encounter similar problems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000006282
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects Of Trilinolein On Superoxide Dismutase Activity And Mrna Levels In Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells (2000)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 27 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is still the leading cause of death in Western countries. Oxygen free radicals are considered to be intimately involved in the development of atherosclerosis. Anti-oxidants may help to protect mammalian cells from the damage induced by these reactive oxygen species. Many reports have indicated that anti-oxidants used in the treatment or prevention of disease could modify the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD). However, the effects of long-term anti-oxidant treatment on the levels of SOD in smooth muscle cells (SMC) is still unclear. In the present study, the effects of the lipophilic anti-oxidant trilinolein on the activity and gene expression of SOD in SMC were evaluated.2. After 2 days incubation with 0.1 μmol/L trilinolein, the activity and mRNA levels of SOD were increased in rat aortic SMC (A7r5), but there was no significant change in these parameters with a higher concentration of 1 μmol/L trilinolein.3. In contrast, after 7 days incubation with trilinolein, both the activity and mRNA levels of SOD were lowered in a dose-dependent manner.4. These data emphasize the importance of choosing an optimal dosage for supplementation with anti-oxidants in humans for the scavenging of oxygen free radicals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.2000.03385.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Consumer satisfaction index: new practice and findings (2003)
    Bradford : Emerald
    European journal of marketing 37 (2003), S. 872-909 
    Details
    ISSN: 0309-0566
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This paper reports the development of the Hong Kong consumer satisfaction index (HKCSI) - a new type of consumer-oriented economic performance indicator representing the quality of products (commodities and services) sold in Hong Kong as evaluated by Hong Kong consumers - as well as the findings of HKCSI from 1998 to 2000, each year with more than 10,000 successful telephone interviews on about 60 products. According to Hong Kong's special economic structure, the HKCSI is constructed from a consumption point of view concentrating on products and the products' consumers, rather than from the popular production point of view focusing on firms and the firms' customers. Key features of HKCSI include: the direct introduction of consumer characteristics (such as age, education, and income) in model construction; the wide coverage of services, especially free services; and the adoption of a product weighting system based on consumer price index (CPI), not on gross domestic product (GDP). In this paper, a theoretical framework of consumer satisfaction is first presented after investigating the relevant literature, and then the large-scale consumer survey scheme adopted to collect the data and the structural equation modeling technique employed to estimate the indexes are discussed. New considerations in the HKCSI in such areas as model structure, indicator and questionnaire design, and product classification are elaborated upon. Next, the estimated results are analyzed focusing on the reliability and validity of the model, on the relationships among consumer satisfaction and its antecedents and consequences, and especially on the effects of consumer characteristics on consumer satisfaction and the implications of such effects for marketing practice. The results are generally consistent across different products, broadly acceptable and in agreement with previous findings, and are also relevant to Hong Kong's special situation. The paper concludes with a summary and some remarks on problems in the present study and future research directions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03090560310465189
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melatonin receptor agonist 2-iodomelatonin prevents apoptosis of cerebellar granule neurons via K+ current inhibition (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of pineal research 36 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-079X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract:  Activation of K+ current plays a critical role in the control of programmed cell death. In the present study, whole-cell patch-clamp recording, a caspase-3 activity assay, and flow cytometric analysis were used to examine the effects of the MT2 melatonin receptor agonist 2-iodomelatonin on the delayed-rectifier K+ current (IK) and the prevention of apoptosis. It was found that apoptosis of cerebellar granular neurons induced by low-K+ (5 mm) incubation was associated with an increase in IK amplitude and caspase-3 activity. After 6 hr of low-K+ treatment, IK was increased by 45% (n = 86). Flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate increased by 333% compared with the control neurons. In addition, exposure of cultured granule cells to low K+ also resulted in a significant activation of caspase-3, by 466%. 2-Iodomelatonin (10 μm in injection pipette) inhibited the IK amplitude recorded from control cells and from cells undergoing apoptosis. However, 2-iodomelatonin only modified the IK-channel activation kinetics of cells under both conditions. Furthermore, 2-iodomelatonin reduced the rate of apoptosis and caspase-3 activation, by 66 and 64%, respectively. The melatonin receptor antagonist, 4P-PDOT, abrogated the effect of 2-iodomelatonin on the IK augmentation, caspase-3 activity, and apoptosis. These results suggest that the neuroprotective effects of melatonin are not only because of its function as a powerful antioxidant, but also to its interactions with specific receptors. The effect of 2-iodomelatonin against apoptosis may be mediated by activating a melatonin receptor, which modulates IK channels and reduces K+ efflux.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1600-079X.2003.00104.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demand and cost forecast error sensitivity analyses in aggregate production planning by possibilistic linear programming models (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of intelligent manufacturing 11 (2000), S. 355-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8145
    Keywords: Possibilistic linear programming ; aggregate production planning ; computer integrated production management system ; imprecise properties ; sensitivity study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A production management system contains many imprecise natures. The conventional deterministic and/or stochastic model in a computer integrated production management system (CIPMS) may not capture the imprecise natures well. This study examines how the imprecise natures in the CIPMS affect the planning results. Possibilistic linear programming models are also proposed for the aggregate production planning problem with imprecise natures. The proposed model can adequately describe the imprecise natures in a production system and, in doing so, the CIPMS can adapt to a variety of non-crisp properties in an actual system. For comparison, the classic aggregate production planning problem given by Holt, Modigliani, and Simon (HMS) is solved using the proposed possibilistic model and the crisp model of Hanssmann and Hess (HH). Perturbing the cost coefficients and the demand allows one to simulate the imprecise natures of a real world and evaluate the effect of the imprecise natures to production plans by both the possibilistic and the crisp HH approaches. Experimental results indicate that the possibilistic model does provide better plans that can tolerate a higher spectrum of imprecise properties than those obtained by the crisp HH model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008974118527
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polycrystalline Silicon Thin-Film Transistors on Flexible Steel Foil Substrates for Complementary-Metal-Oxide-Silicon Technology (2003)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 93 (June 2003), p. 3-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/26/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FSSP.93.3.pdf
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