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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Long-term Psychosocial Effects of Infertility (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of obstetric, gynecologic and neonatal nursing 24 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1552-6909
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective: To explore the psychosocial effects of infertility and the role that social support plays over time. The major hypothesis was that although infertile persons report less contentment, lower levels of marital and sexual satisfaction, and lower self-esteem over time, those with higher levels of social support will be less affected Design/Setting: Four questionnaires were completed in subjects' own homes, one every 9 months. Participants: Subjects, all of whom perceived themselves as infertile, were recruited through the national newsletter for an infertility support group. Ninety-four subjects entered the study, and 41% of the sample completed it. Main outcome measures: Contentment, marital satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, self-esteem, sex-role identity, press (the measure of perceived internal and external pressures), and social support. Results: Perceived support (F [3,111] = 4.77, p 〈 0.004), as well as contentment and self-esteem, significantly increased over time (F[3,1111 = 12.03, p 〈 0.0001, andF [3, 1111 = 5.378, p 〈 0.002, respectively). Social support was positively correlated with all dependent measures. Conclusions: Contrary to what was hypothesized, infertile persons experienced increased social support and greater contentment over time. As hypothesized, there was a significant positive relationship between social support and all dependent measures. The positive impact of social support, counseling, and the adoption of strategies to deal with the stress of infertility lends credence to the crucial role nurses can play in helping infertile couples cope.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1995.tb02389.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Malignant hemispheric tumors in childhood (1993)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 9 (1993), S. 131-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Supratentorial tumors ; Astrocytomas ; Ependymomas ; Secondary malignancies ; Paediatric patients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Sixty-four malignant hemispheric tumors in children less than 15 years old were treated in the pediatric neurosurgical department of the H ôpital des Enfants Malades between 1970 and 1989. (1) These tumors evolved rapidly in most cases. However the pre-operative evolution in 20% of the patients had a duration of more than 6 months, which favors the hypothesis that at least one-fifth of these tumors result from malignant transformation of a benign lesion. This observation should prompt neurosurgeons to operate on all benign hemispheric tumors as soon as they are diagnosed. (2) Five of the 64 patients had two successive malignant diseases. In four cases the other malignant disease was an acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (3) Among the malignant hemispheric tumors, the grade III and IV astrocytomas had a dismal prognosis. As it is known from previous studies that grade I and II astrocytomas have a good prognosis in children, it can be concluded that grading these tumors is essential. By contrast, almost one out of two patients with malignant ependymoma was alive 5 years after treatment. This implies that the grading of ependymomas is of modest prognostic values. (4) The harmful effect of radiotherapy was evaluated by comparing the functional outcome of children operated for a benign hemispheric tumor to that of children operated and irradiated for a malignant hemispheric tumor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00272260
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurosurgery with craniotomy and CT stereotactic guidance in the treatment of intracerebral space-occupying lesions (1990)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 6 (1990), S. 323-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Stereotaxy ; Fibrin gene ; Surgical approach of space-occupying lesions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract When intracerebral space-occupying lesions are small or located deeply within the brain parenchyma, it is sometimes difficult to localize them at surgery or to design the most direct and least hazardous surgical approach. Therefore, we have developed a method that combines conventional neurosurgical techniques with craniotomy using stereotactic guidance. We have used the Brown-Roberts-Wells (BRW) stereotactic system, which allows for computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guidance and does not interfere with the absolute sterility mandatory each time a flap is created. Eleven patients were operated on using this method. The deep tumors were approached through a linear incision of the cerebral cortex. Then a needle, fixed in the right position on the arc system of the BRW, was inserted toward the surface of the lesion; the exposure was finally widened by inflation of a rubber balloon set on the stereotactic needle. This technique allows the two lips of the cortical incision to be glued at the end of the operation. Gluing with a fibrin glue avoids the postoperative subdural collections that often develop when the ventricle has been opened. Except for one case, the post-operative course was uncomplicated in these patients. No permanent postoperative neurological worsening was observed even after the removal of an intrathalamic tumor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298277
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intellectual outcome in children with malignant tumors of the posterior fossa: influence of the field of irradiation and quality of surgery (1995)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 11 (1995), S. 340-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Malignant tumors of the posterior fossa ; Intellectual outcome ; Radiotherapy to posterior fossa ; Radiotherapy to cerebral hemispheres ; Radial surgery ; Brain stem lesions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the respective parts played by cerebral hemisphere irradiation, posterior fossa irradiation, and surgery in the poor late functional results often observed in children treated for medulloblastoma. To do this we compared the intellectual outcome in a series of 59 children operated on for medulloblastoma, who had received whole-brain irradiation, to that observed in a series of 37 children operated on for ependymoma of the posterior fossa, who had received radiotherapy only on the posterior fossa. Only patients who had survived for more than 2 years without recurrence were included. At the assessment 1 year after treatment, intellectual outcome was somewhat better in the ependymoma group, but the difference was not statistically significant. At the long-term follow-ups at 5 and 10 years the results remained stable in the children treated for ependymoma, around 60% having an IQ above 90, whereas the intellectual level of the children treated for medulloblastoma was seen to have deteriorated progressively: 20% had an IQ above 90 5 years after treatment and only 10% at the 10-year followup. This progressive degradation is most likely due to the irradiation of the cerebral hemispheres, as this prophylactic irradiation constituted the only difference between the two groups. Moreover, irradiation to the posterior fossa did not seem to affect intellectual functions, since in the group of children with ependymomas the proportion of IQs above 90 was high and remained stable over the years. Surgery was certainly responsible for some poor results. The percentage of IQs above 90 observed 1–2 years after treatment was between 70 and 80 when no postoperative complications occurred, and only between 20–40% in the presence of postoperative complications. Postoperative aggravation was in most cases related to a brain-stem lesion. These results encourage the reduction, when possible, of irradiation to the cerebral hemispheres and underline the importance of the quality of surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301666
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Medulloblastoma in childhood: progressive intellectual deterioration (1990)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 6 (1990), S. 60-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Children ; Medulloblastoma ; Psychological sequelae ; Radiotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A series of 120 medulloblastomas in children operated on between 1967 and 1987 at the Hôpital des Enfants-Malades has been reviewed in order to check whether the conclusions of our study published 10 years ago have remained valid and, in particular, to verify whether the quality of life of these patients, which had been found to be poor at the time, had improved or worsened over the years. The postoperative mortality for the whole series was 6.5% there have been no deaths in the 35 patients operated on after 1980. The overall survival rate for the 120 children was 60% at 5 years and 53% at 10 years; for the patients who completed radiotherapy, the survival rates was 73% at 5 years and 64% at 10 years. Survival rates were surprisingly better in patients treated when under 6 years of age than in older children. They were also better in girls than in boys, and in desmoplastic compared with other medulloblastomas; however, the differences were not significant. When comparing the groups after total or subtotal resection of tumors, survival rates were not significantly different, but were lower in the small group of partial resections. Cell differentiation did not influence the prognosis. Psychological sequelae were significant and worsened over the years. Five years after treatment 58% of the children showed an IQ above 80; 5 years later this group included only 15% of the patients. These psychological sequelae were related to age at the time of radiotherapy: the younger the child, the lower the final IQ. Five years after treatment, 40% of the children had a normal academic level; 5 years later this group was reduced to 11%. Ten years after treatment, 36% of the patients were unempolyed and 64% worked in a protected environment. No patient had normal employment. These disastrous results concerning the quality of life of these medulloblastoma patients justify new trials with reduced doses of irradiation over the hemispheres, at least in low-risk groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307922
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  • 6
    Book
    Book
    Computational methods for inviscid and viscous flow; 2 (1990)
    Chichester u.a. :Wiley,
    Details
    Title: Computational methods for inviscid and viscous flow; 2
    Author: Hirsch, Charles
    Publisher: Chichester u.a. :Wiley,
    Year of publication: 1990
    Pages: 691 S.
    Series Statement: Numerical computation of internal and external flows 2
    Type of Medium: Book
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    ZIB Catalog
    Zuse Institute Berlin get availability status
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of induced abortion on subsequent fertility (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 100 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To investigate the effect of induced abortion on subsequent fertility.Design 1. Prospective cohort study of women who had an unplanned pregnancy at recruitment. 2. Retrospective study of women who had a planned pregnancy at recruitment.Setting Joint Royal College of General Practitioners/Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists study based in general practice in England, Scotland and Wales, between 1976 and 1987.Subjects 1. Prospective study: Four hundred and thirty-three women with a recruitment unplanned pregnancy ending in induced abortion (abortion group) and 1035 women with a recruitment unplanned pregnancy which ended naturally (nonabortion group). All subsequently had a planned pregnancy, or were known to be trying to conceive at some point during the follow-up2. Retrospective study: Nine thousand two hundred and ninety-nine women who presented at recruitment with a planned pregnancy.Main outcome measure The women's estimated length of planning time, expressed as a fertility rate ratio.Results Induced abortion was not related to future fertility. In the prospective study, the fertility rate ratio (FRR) of the abortion group relative to the nonabortion group was 0.94 (95% CI0.83 to 1.07, P= 0.37). This result was supported by the retrospective study, which again showed no important difference between the two groups.Conclusion Induced abortion does not appear to have an important effect on future fertility.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1993.tb15313.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    REPLY FROM A. KASTNER, E. C. HIRSCH, F. JAVOY-AGID, O. LEJEUNE, O. RASCOL, AND Y. AGID (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 60 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb13434.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New Species of Human Tyrosine Hydroxylase mRNA Are Produced in Variable Amounts in Adrenal Medulla and Are Overexpressed in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 67 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Alternative splicing of human tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) pre-mRNA produces four mRNAs leading to four different TH isoforms and is thought to have important regulatory functions. We show that the diversity of TH mRNAs is greater than previously described in the autonomous nervous system: New splice junctions corresponding to the skipping of exon 3 were identified by amplification of cDNA synthesized from pheochromocytoma RNA. In all cases the reading frame was maintained. These species were assayed by RNase protection experiments; their abundance (4–6%) was comparable to that of the previously identified human TH-3 and -4 species in normal adrenal medulla. However, higher levels (11–34%) of these species were found in adrenal medullas of patients suffering from progressive supranuclear palsy. Whether such changes are specific to the disease or the consequences of the stress associated with this severe neurodegeneration remains to be established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67010019.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Is the Vulnerability of Neurons in the Substantia Nigra of Patients with Parkinson's Disease Related to Their Neuromelanin Content? (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 59 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The contribution of neuromelanin (NM) to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) has long been suspected. In particular, a correlation has been reported between the estimated cell loss in the mesencephalic dopaminergic cell groups and the percentage of NM-pigmented neurons in these cell groups. To test whether the amount of pigment per cell is a critical factor or whether the presence of NM within a neuron is sufficient to account for the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, the NM content was measured in each neuron from representative sections throughout the ventral mesencephalon of four control subjects and four patients with PD. Intraneuronal NM was quantified by a densitometric method, using known amounts of synthetic melanin as standards. In control brains, the distribution of melanized neurons in the nigral complex showed a high proportion of lightly melanized neurons in the ventral tegmental area and the pars α and γ of the substantia nigra (SN), whereas heavily melanized neurons were mostly located in the pars β and lateralis of the SN. An inverse relationship was observed between the percentage of surviving neurons in PD compared with controls and the amount of NM they contain, suggesting that the vulnerability of the dopaminergic neurons is related to their NM content. Factors other than NM may be involved in the differential vulnerability of catecholaminergic neurons in PD. In particular, the constant topography of the cell loss suggests that cell position within the nigral complex is a key factor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb08350.x
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