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  • 1995-1999  (3)
  • 1990-1994
  • Alps  (3)
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Material
Years
  • 1995-1999  (3)
  • 1990-1994
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A130 years deposition record of sulfate, nitrate and chloride from a high-alpine glacier (1995)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 85 (1995), S. 603-609 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: Alps ; Chloride ; Deposition record ; Ice core ; Nitrate ; Sulfate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract An ice core from a high-alpine glacier (Grenzgletscher, Colle Gnifetti, Monte Rosa massif, 4450 m a.s.l., Switzerland) was used to reconstruct the pollution history of Central-Europe. Concentrations of the most important acidifying species sulfate and nitrate as well as of chloride were measured in 1151 samples with 5 cm resolution from the top 60 m of a 109 m long firn/ice core. This corresponds to a mean time resolution of 8 (bottom) to 14 (top) data points per year. A 210Pb nuclear dating showed that the ice core covers a time period between 1850–1981 and that the mean accumulation rate was 0.33 m water equivalent per year. Between the two time periods 1850 – 1880 and 1965 – 1981 the mean sulfate concentrations increased by a factor of 5.8±0.9 and for nitrate by a factor of 2.3±0.3. The mean concentrations at the beginning of the industrial time (period 1850 –1880) was 0.078±0.008 mg/l for sulfate and 0.067±0.005 mg/l for nitrate. The mean chloride concentration was 0.047±0.004 mg/l and did not show a trend in concentration over the time period investigated. A distribution analysis of the measured concentrations for the two time periods 1850 – 1865 and 1965 – 1981 was performed which showed that the data have a nearly log-normal distribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00476895
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intercomparison of snow Sampling and Analysis Within the Alpine-Wide Snowpack Investigation (SNOSP) (1997)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 93 (1997), S. 67-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: Snow sampling ; snow chemistry ; intercomparison ; Alps
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract In order to investigate the seasonal and geographical distribution of snow concentrations anddeposition fluxes of environmentally relevant ionic species in the Alps, the international programSNOSP was initiated. In the framework of this program, intercomparisons of snow samplingtechniques and analytical methods to determine the ionic species C1-, NO 3 - ,SO 4 2- , K+, Na+, NH4 +, Mg2+, and Ca2+, as well as the pH and the specificconductivity were performed. The concentrations of these species in the snow samples collectedin the SNOSP program varied by orders of magnitude with, e.g., concentrations of NO 3 - , SO 4 2- , and NH4 + ranging from 0.2-60, 0.2-90, and 0.1-60 µeq L-1,respectively. The intercomparisons revealed a reasonable agreement of the determinations of thespecies Cl-, NO 3 - , SO 4 2- , Na+, and NH4 + in snow. Results were less satisfactory for K+, Mg2+, Ca2+,and H+, mainly due to the very low concentrations. In conclusion, recommendations areformulated for the reliable derivation of chemical inventories from snow packs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022167507380
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intercomparison of snow sampling and analysis within the alpine-wide snowpack investigation (SNOSP) (1997)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 93 (1997), S. 67-91 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Keywords: Snow sampling ; snow chemistry ; intercomparison ; Alps
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract In order to investigate the seasonal and geographical distribution of snow concentrations and deposition fluxes of environmentally relevant ionic species in the Alps, the international program SNOSP was initiated. In the framework of this program, intercomparisons of snow sampling techniques and analytical methods to determine the ionic species Cl−, NO3 −, SO4 2−, K+, Na+, NH4 +, Mg2+, and Ca2+, as well as the pH and the specific conductivity were performed. The concentrations of these species in the snow samples collected in the SNOSP program varied by orders of magnitude with, e.g., concentrations of NO3 −, SO4 2−, and NH4 + ranging from 0.2–60, 0.2–90, and 0.1–60μeq L−1, respectively. The intercomparisons revealed a reasonable agreement of the determinations of the species Cl−, NO3 −, SO4 2−, Na+, and NH4 + in snow. Results were less satisfactory for K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, and H+, mainly due to the very low concentrations. In conclusion, recommendations are formulated for the reliable derivation of chemical inventories from snow packs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02404748
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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