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  • 1
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 669 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 669 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 111 (1999), S. 7029-7037 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We describe a method for the explicit determination of the segment density profile cursive-phi(z) of surface-attached polymer brushes with multiple angle of incidence null-ellipsometry. Because the refractive index contrast between the brush layer and the solvent is weak, multiple reflections are of minor influence and the ellipsometric spectrum is closely related to the Fourier transform of the refractive index profile, thereby allowing for explicit inversion of the ellipsometric data. We chose surface-attached monolayers of polymethacrylic acid (PMAA), a weak polyelectrolyte, as a model system and determined the segment density profile of this system as a function of the pH value of the surrounding medium by the Fourier method. Complementary to the Fourier analysis, fits with error functions are given as well. The brushes were prepared on the bases of high refractive index prisms with the "grafting-from" technique. In water, the brushes swell by more than a factor of 30. The swelling increases with increasing pH because of a growing fraction of dissociated acidic groups leading to a larger electrostatic repulsion. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 691 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 691 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 29 (1990), S. 97-111 
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: Gewichtsreduktion ; Weight Watchers ; Effizienz ; weight reduction ; Weight Watchers ; efficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The available data of members of Weight Watchers groups were statistically evaluated and their efficiency is discussed with respect to the underlying therapeutic concept. As a result of the data evaluation and the discussion of the literature it can be concluded: 1. The time of active membership in the group correlates with the weight loss. 2. Dropouts can be expected at the beginning of the therapy and have usually a greater obesity than other members. An early motivation has to consider the slower success in those people with a high degree of obesity. 3. A continuous motivation and re-motivation is of greatest importance to prevent any weight gain after the end of group therapy. This remotivation program should be established within the group; members who succeeded in losing weight should return for meetings at regular intervals.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei Mitgliedern von Weight-Watchers-Gruppen werden die verfügbaren soziodemographischen Daten statistisch ausgewertet und auf ihre Aussagekraft bezüglich des zugrundeliegenden Therapiekonzeptes beurteilt. Aus den Untersuchungen und der vergleichenden Literaturdiskussion ergibt sich: 1. Die Dauer der aktiven Teilnahme in einer Gruppe entscheidet über das Ausmaß des erzielten Gewichtsverlustes. 2. Vorzeitige Aussteiger — Dropouts — sind zu Beginn der Therapie zu erwarten und haben meist ein höheres relatives Übergewicht als die übrigen Teilnehmer. Eine frühzeitige Motivation muß daher den bei stark Übergewichtigen sich nur langsam einstellenden Erfolg berücksichtigen. 3. Wesentliche Bedeutung für einen Langzeiterfolg hat die regelmäßige Nachsorge, d.h. Remotivation, wenn das Zielgewicht erreicht ist. Diese Nachsorge sollte weiterhin innerhalb der Gruppe in regelmäßigen Abständen erfolgen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 30 (1991), S. 319-324 
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Bone ; Lectins ; Mandible ; Meckel's cartilage ; Rat embryo
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The staining patterns of 24 biotinylated lectins were analyzed in serial sections of the mandible of 13- to 21-day-old rat embryos by means of the avidinbiotin-peroxidase method. A ubiquitous distribution of binding sites was demonstrated after incubation with Con A (Canavalia ensiformis), DSL (Datura stramonium; except bone matrix), and WGA (Triticum vulgare). ECL (Erythrina cristagalli), GSL I (Griffonia simplicifolia), SJA (Saphora japonica), VVL (Vicia villosa), DBA (Dolichus biflorus), UEA I (Ulex europeus), and LTA (Lotus tetragonobolus) were constantly negative. In early stages of development, GSL II (Griffonia simplicifolia II) was a selective marker of prechondral blastema. In contrast, PNA (Arachis hypogaea) did not stain condensing mesenchyme. During chondrogenesis of Meckels's cartilage a general decrease of lectin binding was observed. Mature cartilage matrix was constantly negative. Chondrocytes were marked by the lectins PSA (Pisum sativum), WGA, PHA-E, and PHA-L (Phaseolus vulgaris E and L). A strong GSL II binding was restricted to the mesial-superior region of the perichondrium. In later stages, several lectins revealed significant differences between preskeletal (“central”) areas and the remaining (“peripheral”) mesenchyme. A clear binding reaction was noted in central regions by applying LEA (Lycopersicon esculentum) and STL (Solanum tuberosum), while the peripheral tissue was only faintly stained. Developing bone was specifically marked by succinylated WGA (sWGA). The lectins LCA (Lens culinarus) and RCA (Ricinus communis) bound to fibers and extracellular matrix of the connective tissue. Jacalin (Artocarpus integrifolia) and SBA (Glycine max) binding sites were found in macrophages. Affinity of VAA (Viscum album) increased parallel with maturation of endothelial cells. Specific lectin-binding patterns revealed no correlation with the distribution of glycosaminoglycans. The results demonstrate a general reduction of oligosaccharide structures during development of Meckel's cartilage. From our observations we conclude that intralaminar glucose and/or mannose sequences as well as terminal sialic acid molecules are ubiquitously distributed, while terminal α-fucose was constantly negative. Lectin-binding patterns of macrophages may reflect the presence of specifically linked terminal galactose. Our findings indicate that oligosaccharides terminating in N-acetylglucosamine are bone-specific. The significance of the restricted staining of the perichondrium by GSL II remains to be elucidated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Vitamin A-deficiency ; Paneth cells ; Crystalloid lysozyme ; Tubular structures ; Intestinal local immunity ; Electron microscopy ; Rat (Sprague-Dawley)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of vitamin A-deficiency on jejunal Paneth cells in rats was investigated. Crystalloid particles were observed in secretion granules of Paneth cells from 6 out of 8 rats with vitamin A-deficiency. The particles were similar to those found in Paneth cells under other experimental conditions. Using an immuno-electron-microscopic technique we demonstrated a clear lysozyme immunoreactivity of these particles. In 2 vitamin A-deficient rats tubular structures have been detected in addition to the crystalloid particles. Crystalloid particles or tubular structures were not detectable in a control group of 8 vitamin A-supplemented rats. The morphological alterations of Paneth cells may be correlated to an impaired local immunity of the intestine during vitamin A-deficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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