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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    16β-methyl-17α,21-diesterified glucocorticoids as partial agonists of glucocorticoid in rat endotoxin-induced inflammation (1997)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 46 (1997), S. 193-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Diflorasone diacetate — Betamethasone dipropionate — Beclomethasone dipropionate — Endotoxin-induced uveitis — Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective and Design: We investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of 16β-methyl-17α,21-diesterified glucocorticoids which are well known as potent topical glucocorticoids in man on endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in rats.¶Material: Female Lewis rats were used.¶Treatment: Glucocorticoids were instilled (0.01% - 1.0%) or subcutaneously injected (0.1 - 10 mg/kg) to rats.¶Methods: To elicit EIU, LPS (500 μg/kg) was injected into the footpad of rats. Twelve hours after LPS injection, cell number in aqueous humor was counted by flow cytometry. Endotoxin-induced in vivo tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production was also examined.¶Results: 16β-methyl-17α,21-diesterified glucocorticoids showed no effects or some enhancement of cell infiltration into the aqueous humor in EIU by topical instillation. Systemic injection of these glucocorticoids showed only weak inhibition of cell infiltration and TNF-α production. On the other hand, betamethasone phosphate strongly inhibited the cell infiltration and TNF-α production. Combined systemic injection of 16β-methyl-17α,21-diesterified glucocorticoids and betamethasone phosphate reduced the inhibitory effects of the latter.¶Conclusions: These results suggest that 16β-methyl-17α,21-diesterified glucocorticoids might act as partial agonists of glucocorticoid in rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050172
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of betamethasone derivatives on endotoxin-induced uveitis in guinea pigs (1997)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 46 (1997), S. 486-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Betamethasone — Betamethasone dipropionate — Endotoxin-induced uveitis — Prostaglandin E2— Guinea pigs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective and Design: We reported previously that the betamethasone derivative betamethasone dipropionate behaves as an anti-glucocorticoid in rat endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU). In the present study, we produced EIU in guinea pigs and investigated the effects of betamethasone dipropionate on the EIU.¶Material: Male Hartley guinea pigs were used.¶Treatment: Glucocorticoids were instilled into the eye.¶Method: To elicit EIU, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was injected into the anterior chamber of the eye. Cell numbers in the aqueous humor after LPS injection were determined by flow cytometry. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production after LPS injection into the anterior chamber was also examined.¶Results: Intracameral injection of LPS (1 μg/eye) induced cell infiltration into the anterior chamber and PGE2 production. Betamethasone dipropionate inhibited cell infiltration and PGE2 production more strongly than betamethasone. These results suggest that betamethasone dipropionate is a potent glucocorticoid in guinea pigs.¶Conclusions: Structure-activity relationships of glucocorticoids in the guinea pig EIU model may differ from those in the rat EIU model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050230
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Participation of collagenase and elastase in LPS-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in guinea pigs (1991)
    Springer
    Inflammation 15 (1991), S. 317-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2576
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) cause airway hyperreactivity in guinea pigs pretreated with metopirone. LPS inhalation resulted in an increase in airway muscarinic reactivity measured by intravenous acetylcholine injection 1–4 h after the inhalation of LPS. The increase of pulmonary capillary permeability was observed 1–24 h after the inhalation of LPS, whereas the increase of leukocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was observed 2 and 24 h after the inhalation of LPS. Increased cells are mainly neutrophil, eosinophil, and macrophage. From the histopathological study, acute mucosal injury and loss of epithelial cilia were observed 1–24 h after the inhalation of LPS. In order to investigate the phlogistic substance in LPS-induced hypereactivity, the roles of collagenase and elastase were investigated. The activities of both enzymes were elevated 2 h after the inhalation of LPS. The inhalation of collagenase and elastase caused bronchial hyperreactivity and increased pulmonary permeability. The combined administration of prednisolone (10 mg/kg/day) and cyclephosphamide (10 mg/kg/day) for five days decreased LPS-induced hyperreactivity, pulmonary capillary increase, collagenase and elastase activities, and the number of nucleated cells in BALF 2 h after the inhalation of LPS. These results indicate the participation of collagenase and elastase in the onset of LPS-induced airway hyperreactivity in guinea pigs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00917316
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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