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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion Behavior of Ammonium in Xanthan Gum Solutions (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biotechnology progress 11 (1995), S. 221-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6033
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bp00032a015
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resection of the radial head and partial open synovectomy of the elbow in the young adult with haemophilia: long-term results (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Haemophilia 1 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Resection of the radial head and partial open synovectomy of the elbow have been used in the treatment of repeated haemarthroses of the elbows in 15 patients with haemophilia. The indications for the index operation were: severe pain and bleeding in the elbow that occurred in spite of appropriate, episodic, replacement therapy over a period of more than 6 months, associated with hypertrophy of the radial head and a significant loss of pronation-supination.The long-term results were assessed retrospectively according to the classification recommended by the Orthopaedic Advisory Committee of the World Federation of Hemophilia. In the operated group, three patients had a good result, seven were fair, and five poor. It is concluded that this procedure appears to reduce the incidence of haemarthrosis but did not slow the rate of evolution of radiographic changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2516.1995.tb00086.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheological characterization of xanthan fermentation broths and their reconstituted solutions (1989)
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 4 (1989), S. 113-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Two strains of X. campestris from a collection and a wild strain isolated from infected cabbage were cultured in a defined medium in a 25 dm3 fermenter. The rheological characteristics of the broth were measured using a Weissenberg rheogoniometer. The rheological behaviour over a wide range of shear rates could be described with the power law model and a yield stress was obtained using the Herschel-Bulkley equation. As expected, the broth's flow behaviour is highly influenced by gum concentration. In general, the rheological parameters during the fermentations varied within the following ranges: K (2–210 dyn-sn/cm2), n (0.2–0.9), τ y (0.02–50 dyn/ cm2), with strain 1459 reaching the maximum values as well as the highest gum concentration. Differences in flow behaviour could be associated with different molecular configurations of the polymers produced by the different strains. Heat treatment of the broths change the rheological characteristics, increasing K and decreasing n. Reconstituted solutions of all sterilized gums exhibited similar rheological characteristics and, at low concentrations, also similar to those of a commercial xanthan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369759
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Apparent yield stress of xanthan solutions and broths (1995)
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 12 (1995), S. 41-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Apparent yield stress is a very useful rheological property which is important in determining the extent of mixing in xanthan fermentations as well as the suspending ability of the gum solutions. Using a previously developed stress relaxation technique, three commercial products, one home-made product and one dehydrated-reconstituted fermentation broth (DRFB) were characterized in terms of the apparent yield stressτ y of solutions containing different polymer concentrations and when mono and divalent salts or sucrose were added and also when exposing the samples to heat treatment in the case of DRFB. Sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, acetate, pyruvate, the mean molecular weight (MMW) and the molecular weight distribution (MWD) were determined. Although the four products showed differences in their chemical characteristics, the pyruvic acid content and the mean molecular weight played the main role in determining the yield stress patterns. With no salt added, the slope of theτ y vs gum concentration plot was a strong and inverse function of the pyruvate content. With NaCl 0.5%, the mentioned slope correlated linearly with the MMW. The three commercial xanthans showed very similar MWD. Xanthan broths showed an exponential, rather than a linear (as it was the case for end-products) function ofτ y in terms of xanthan concentration. No significative differences were found in τy depending on the type of salt. Sucrose decreasedτ y and this effect was more pronounced in DRFB than in a solution of a commercial xanthan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01112992
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion of sucrose in xanthan gum solutions (1989)
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 4 (1989), S. 265-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Molecular diffusion of solutes, like sucrose in the xanthan gum fermentation, is important in order to understand the complex behavior of mass transfer mechanisms during the process. This work was focused to determine the diffusion coefficient of sucrose, a carbon source for xanthan production, using similar sucrose and xanthan concentrations to those occurring in a typical fermentation. The diaphragm cell method was used in experimental determinations. The data showed that diffusion coefficient of sucrose significantly decreases when xanthan gum concentration increases. Theoretical and semiempirical models were used to predict sucrose diffusivity in xanthan solutions. Molecular properties and rheological behavior of the system were considered in the modeling. The models tested fitted well the behavior of experimental data and that reported for oxygen in the same system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00368901
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in alginate molecular mass distributions, broth viscosity and morphology of Azotobacter vinelandii cultured in shake flasks (1997)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 48 (1997), S. 510-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of different aeration conditions during the culture of Azotobacter vinelandii on the production and molecular mass of alginate was evaluated in shake flasks. In baffled flasks, the bacteria grew faster and produced less alginate (1.5 g/l) than in conventional (unbaffled) flasks (4.5 g/l). The viscosity of the culture broth was also influenced by the type of flask. Higher final viscosities were attained in unbaffled flasks [520 cP (520 mPa s)] as compared to baffled flasks (30 cP). This latter phenomenon was closely related to the changes in the molecular mass distribution. In either cases, the mean molecular mass increased with culture age; however, at the end of the fermentation, the mean molecular mass of the alginate obtained in unbaffled flasks was fivefold higher than that obtained in baffled flasks. As the culture proceeded, the cells of Azotobacter grown in unbaffled flasks increased in diameter, whereas those cultured in baffled flasks decreased in size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051088
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intra-articular displaced fractures of the calcaneus (1999)
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 23 (1999), S. 63-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé  Vingt-huit patients avec une fracture intra-articulaire déplacée du calcanéum et traitée par réduction et fixation interne ont été comparés avec trente patients présentant une fracture similaire mais traitée de façon conservatrice. Selon les critères cliniques et radiographiques de Järvholm et coll., les auteurs, bien que trouvant une fréquence élevée de mauvais résultats dans les deux groupes, ont de meilleurs résultats dans le groupe chirurgical.
    Notes: Abstract  Twenty-eight patients with displaced intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus treated by open reduction and fixation were compared with 30 patients with similar fractures treated conservatively. Judged by the clinical and radiographic criteria results were more satisfactory in the surgical group than in the nonoperative group, although high rates of poor results were encountered in both groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002640050307
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Apparent yield stress of xanthan solutions and broths (1995)
    Springer
    Bioprocess engineering 12 (1995), S. 41-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 0178-515X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  Apparent yield stress is a very useful rheological property which is important in determining the extent of mixing in xanthan fermentations as well as the suspending ability of the gum solutions. Using a previously developed stress relaxation technique, three commercial products, one home-made product and one dehydrated-reconstituted fermentation broth (DRFB) were characterized in terms of the apparent yield stress τ y of solutions containing different polymer concentrations and when mono and divalent salts or sucrose were added and also when exposing the samples to heat treatment in the case of DRFB. Sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, acetate, pyruvate, the mean molecular weight (MMW) and the molecular weight distribution (MWD) were determined. Although the four products showed differences in their chemical characteristics, the pyruvic acid content and the mean molecular weight played the main role in determining the yield stress patterns. With no salt added, the slope of the τ y vs gum concentration plot was a strong and inverse function of the pyruvate content. With NaCl 0.5%, the mentioned slope correlated linearly with the MMW. The three commercial xanthans showed very similar MWD. Xanthan broths showed an exponential, rather than a linear (as it was the case for end-products) function of τ y in terms of xanthan concentration. No significative differences were found in τ y depending on the type of salt. Sucrose decreased τ y and this effect was more pronounced in DRFB than in a solution of a commercial xanthan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01112992
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Xanthomonas campestris as a host for the production of recombinantPseudomonas aeruginosa lipase (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 16 (1996), S. 22-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: lipase ; recombinantXanthomonas ; fed-batch ; bioreactor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Recombinant plasmid pBP13, which expresses the alkaline lipase fromPseudomonas aeruginosa IGB83 under thetac promoter was transferred toXanthomonas campestris pvcampestris IBT148. Different fermentation conditions were tested for lipase productivity by strain IBT148 carrying plasmid pBP13, and a fermentation process was established in an instrumented bioreactor, where lipase production was increased more than 12-fold with respect to the initial culture conditions in shake flasks. Xanthan gum stabilized the activity of the alkaline lipase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01569917
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coincidence Doppler shift lifetime measurements in 73,74Se and 74Br using the EUROBALL Cluster cube array (1999)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 6 (1999), S. 257-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: PACS: 23.20.Js Multipole matrix elements – 23.20.Lv Gamma transitions and level energies – 24.60.Dr Statistical compound-nucleus reactions – 27.50.+e 59 〈 A 〈 89
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: Subpicosecond lifetimes of high spin states in the rotational nuclei 73Se, 74Se and 74Br have been measured using the 58Ni +19F compound reaction and the Doppler Shift Attenuation method. Six EUROBALL Cluster detectors arranged in cube geometry allowed us to select the relevant transitions in γγ coincidence mode. The high counting statistics achieved in this setup also facilitated the determination of average sidefeeding times, which were found to agree rather well with the results of Monte-Carlo calculations of the particle and γ-ray evaporation process. The deduced quadrupole strengths and deformations are compared with the results of previous measurements and the predictions of Cranked Shell Model calculations. In 74Br, a large and constant prolate deformation of β2= 0.37(1) was found for the presumed 4+ and 3− two-quasiparticle bands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100500050344
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