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Techniques in facial identification: Computer-aided facial reconstruction using a laser scanner and video superimposition (1996)

Shahrom, A. W. ; Vanezis, P. ; Chapman, R. C. ; [et al.]

Springer

International journal of legal medicine 108 (1996), S. 194-200

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ISSN: 1437-1596

Keywords: Cranio-facial identification ; Facial reconstruction ; 3D Computer graphics ; Video superimposition ; Laser scanner

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine , Law

Notes: Abstract A facial image was reconstructed from the skull, part of a complete skeleton found in woodland, of a male person who had hanged himself from a tree. In addition, video superimposition was carried out with antemortem photographs of a person suspected of being the victim, and a good match was obtained. In a further case, a cheaper video-transparency superimposition was carried out, with identity later being confirmed on the basis of dental records. The techniques and the problems encountered are discussed. According to our experience, 3D computer reconstruction and video superimposition have a useful role in the process of identification, particularly in the early stages of an investigation and when other more definitive methods may not be available.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01369791

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Volume changes accompanying the thermal denaturation of deoxyribonucleic acid. I. Denaturation at neutral pH (1969)

Chapman, R. E. ; Sturtevant, J. M.

New York : Wiley-Blackwell

Biopolymers 7 (1969), S. 527-537

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ISSN: 0006-3525

Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Dilatometric measurements were made to determine the change in apparent specific volume ϕ of DNA resulting from thermal denaturation in neutral solution, ϕ increased continuously with temperature in the range 10-85°C. No deviations from a monotonically rising curve were observed in the ϕ versus temperature profile in the region of the melting temperature. The results are interpreted in terms of a partial loss of the preferentially bound DNA hydration shell. The nature of the well known buoyant density difference between native and denatured DNA was investigated by evaluating the densities in a series of cesium salt gradients at constant temperature. Extrapolation of the results to zero water activity indicates that the partial specific volumes of anhydrous native and denatured DNA are equal. The density difference at nonzero water activities is attributed to decreased hydration in the denatured state. The absence of a related change in ϕ accompanying the denaturation in the dilatometric experiments suggests that the probable volume change associated with loss of bound water during denaturation is accompanied by other compensatory volume effects. The possible nature of these volume effects is discussed.

Additional Material: 3 Ill.