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  • 1995-1999  (5)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1870-1879
  • Photodynamic therapy  (3)
  • SHS targets  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of an alternative light source to lasers for photodynamic therapy: 2. Comparative in vivo tumour response characteristics (1995)
    Springer
    Lasers in medical science 10 (1995), S. 121-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-604X
    Keywords: Photodynamic therapy ; Haematoporphyrin derivative ; In vivo ; Laser ; Light source ; Murine tumour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Physics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The performance of a low cost, table-top/portable light source was tested against an argon ion pumped dye laser for in vivo photodynamic therapy (PDT). The prototype delivers up to 1 W via a 4 mm flexible lightguide within a 30 nm bandwidth centred at any wavelength from 300 nm to 1200 nm at fluence rates of up to 8 W cm−2. An in situ bioassay using regrowth delay of tumour T50/80 was used to quantify the relative efficacy of the prototype with a laser. The tumours were sensitized with haematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) and externally irradiated. There was no significant difference in the response of the tumour to treatment between the two light sources (p = 0.69). Mean growth delays ranged from 2 days (light dose 10 J cm−2) to 20 days (light dose 100 J cm−2). The estimate for the difference in means (laser minus prototype growth delay) was only 0.66 days and was not statistically significant. This in vivo study demonstrates that the prototype is equivalent to a laser in PDT effect. The device has low capital/running cost, is simple to use and is one of the most powerful, spectrally efficient non-laser PDT sources available.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02150849
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Structure and Properties of Ti–B–N, Ti–Si–B–N, Ti–Si–C–N, and Ti–Al–C–N Coatings Deposited by Magnetron Sputtering Using Composite Targets Produced by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis (SHS) (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of materials synthesis and processing 6 (1998), S. 61-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4870
    Keywords: Thin films ; magnetron sputtering ; structure ; SHS targets
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The microstructures and compositions of multicomponent Ti–B–N, Ti–Si–B–N, Ti–Si–C–N, and Ti–Al–C–N films deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering using composite targets and produced by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) have been investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy. Auger spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Depending on the chemical composition of the film deposited, different single-phase crystalline films were observed. The sputtering process included sputter cleaning prior to the DC magnetron sputter deposition of Ti and TiN interlayers prior to DC magnetron sputter deposition of the multicomponent films from multicomponent targets. The films produced were characterized in terms of their microhardness, wear resistance, high-temperature oxidation conducted in air. and corrosion resistance in a solution of 5NH2SO4 at room temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022663210694
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimization of PVD Parameters for the Deposition of Ultrahard Ti–Si–B–N Coatings (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of materials synthesis and processing 7 (1999), S. 187-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4870
    Keywords: Ti–Si–B–N coatings ; magnetron sputtering ; SHS targets ; microhardness ; wear
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Multicomponent Ti–Si–B–N coatings were deposited on high-speed steel (HSS) substrates by reactive magnetron sputtering using a SHS TiB + 20 wt% Si target. The influences of the substrate temperature, bias voltage, and nitrogen partial pressure on the structure and the elemental compositions of the films were studied. The films were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Auger spectroscopy (AES), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results of HRTEM analysis indicated the formation of an ordered–disordered structure with fine crystalline grains of hexagonal Ti(B,N) x phase and amorphous integrain layers. The stoichiometry of the Ti(B,N) x phase was strongly affected by PVD process parameters. The films were characterized in terms of their microhardness and wear resistance. The reasons for the high value of microhardness appear to be the result of stoichiometric phase composition, compressive residual stress, and dense and fine microstructure of the Ti–Si–B–N coatings. The tribological wear test results indicated the superior wear-resistant properties of Ti–Si–B–N coatings compared to TiN and Ti(C,N) coatings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021873314381
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of an alternative light source to lasers for photodynamic therapy: 3. Clinical evaluation in the treatment of pre-malignant non-melanoma skin cancer (1995)
    Springer
    Lasers in medical science 10 (1995), S. 165-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-604X
    Keywords: Photodynamic therapy ; Non-laser light source ; 5-Aminolaevulinic acid ; Non-melanoma skin cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Physics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The efficacy of a prototype non-laser light source for photodynamic therapy was assessed in clinical practice in the treatment of Bowen's disease and actinic keratoses. The light source, incorporating a 300 W short arc plasma discharge, was adjusted by appropriate filters to produce a bandwidth of 630±15 nm. Topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid was applied 4 h before irradiation to permit production within the lesion of the active photosensitizer, protoporphyrin IX. Individual lesions received 94–156 J cm−2. Twenty lesions of Bowen's disease and four actinic keratoses were treated in 12 patients. Patients were reviewed at monthly intervals and treatment repeated if residual disease was present. Clearance was achieved with a single treatment in 15 lesions and in all of the remaining nine lesions after a second treatment. The treatment was well tolerated, with pain absent or mild during treatment in 22 lesions, with only one lesion requiring local anaesthesia. Over the 10 days following treatment, no pain was associated with 21 treated lesions. During a 12 month follow-up period, two Bowen's disease lesions recurred. The overall complete response rate was 92%. Scarring was evident following PDT in only three lesions. Photodynamic therapy using this portable non-laser light source appears to be an effective and well-tolerated treatment for Bowen's disease and actinic keratoses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02133327
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interstitial photodynamic therapy in the Dunning R3327-AT6 prostatic carcinoma (1996)
    Springer
    Lasers in medical science 11 (1996), S. 155-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-604X
    Keywords: Photodynamic therapy ; Interstitial ; Dunning R3327 prostate tumour ; Threshold light dose ; Cylindrical diffuser ; Diffusion theory
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Physics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Interstitial photodynamic therapy (PDT) could be an alternative radical treatment for prostate cancer. The ability to predict the depth of necrosis is necessary for light treatment planning using multiple optical fibres. The extent of PDT necrosis was studied in subcutaneously implanted R3327-AT6 Dunning prostate tumours which had similar optical characteristics to human prostate. Tumour-bearing subjects were given 20 mg kg−1 Haematoporphyrin esters (HPE) and irradiated 24 h later with 630 nm laser light. Five subjects per group were treated with increasing light doses (50–450 J cm−1) delivered interstitially via a single 2 cm long cylindrical diffuser. After 450 J cm−1 of irradiation, 4.3±0.8 cm3 [standard error of the mean (s.e.m.)] of tumour tissue was necrosed to a depth of 10.5±0.8 mm around the diffuser. There was an approximately linear correlation between the volume of PDT necrosis around the fibre and prescribed light dose. The mean threshold light dose for PDT effect was 18±2 J cm−2. In this tumour with a mean photosensitizer concentration of 16±1.5μg g−1, low light doses produced tumour necrosis. PDT using multiple diffusers could destroy a relatively large tumour volume and the ‘diffusion theory’ model reliably predicted the depth of necrosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02156757
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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