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  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • 1975-1979
  • Limit of detection  (2)
  • Amino acids  (1)
  • Antibiotic value  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Activation of adenosine A2 receptors enhances high K+-evoked taurine release from rat hippocampus: A microdialysis study (1998)
    Springer
    Amino acids 15 (1998), S. 43-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Amino acids ; Adenosine ; Taurine ; Hippocampus ; Microdialysis ; Spreading depression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The present study was designed to examine which type of adenosine receptors was involved in enhancement of high K+-evoked taurine release fromin vivo rat hippocampus using microdialysis. Perfusion with 0.5 or 5.0 mM adenosine enhanced high K+-evoked taurine release. Perfusion with 2μM R(−)-N6-2-phenylisopropyladenosine (PIA), a selective adenosine A1 receptor agonist, did not modulate taurine release. Perfusion with 1μM 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine (DPCPX), a selective adenosine A1 receptor antagonist, increased taurine release. On the other hand, perfusion with 20μM 2-[4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino]-5′-N-ethyl-carboxamideadenosine (CGS21680), a selective adenosine A2A receptor agonist, enhanced taurine release, while perfusion with 1 mM 3,7-dimethyl-propagylxanthine (DMPX), an adenosine A2 receptor antagonist, did not affect taurine release. These results demonstrate that adenosine enhances high K+-evoked taurine release via activation of adenosine A2A receptors from both neurons and glial cells ofin vivo rat hippocampus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01345279
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prediction of precision from signal and noise measurement in liquid chromatography: Mathematical relationship between integration domain and precision (1995)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 41 (1995), S. 75-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Limit of detection ; Precision ; Uncertainty prediction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The precision of integration over noisy instrumental output for quantitative analysis is studied. A probability theory is developed to predict the relative standard deviation (RSD) of integration results over an integration domain from one-point integation (peak height measurement) to entire area integration in HPLC. Common integration modes of horizontal zero line and oblique zero line are taken into account, but no peak overlap is assumed. The question of the analytical superiority of peak height measurement or integration for quantitation is answered. In the HPLC apparatus used, the minimum RSD of measurements is found in the integration domain of ca. ±0.5 σ for analytes [peaks are approximated by the Gaussian signal of width, σ (standard deviation)]. The RSD of integration measurements is also shown to depend on the stochastic properties of back-ground noise (uncorrelated noise and correlated 1/f type noise). The theoretical conclusion is verified by Monte Carlo simulation and HPLC experiments for some aromatic compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02274198
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prediction of precision from signal and noise measurement in liquid chromatography: Limit of detection (1995)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 41 (1995), S. 66-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; Limit of detection ; Precision ; Uncertainty prediction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A method to determine the limit of detection (LOD) in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is described. The power spectral density of instrumental baseline variation is fitted by the simplex least squares methods with a mixed random process of white noise and Markov process as a model. The white noise is characterized by standard deviation (SD), ∼w; the Markov process by the SD, ∼m, and auto-correlation degree, ρ. All required parameters for calculating the LOD signal are obtained by experiment without repeat measurements. No arbitrary constants are needed. The LOD signal is uniquely determined and is characterized by 33.3% relative standard deviation (RSD) of analyte measurements and 0.13% of the error of the first type. This signal also specifies that the signal-to-noise ratio=3, using the definition of noise originating from the white noise and Markov process. The theoretical conclusion is verified by the Monte Carlo simulation using real baseline and peaks. The LOD concentrations for naphthalene, acenaphthene, pyrene and perylene are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02274197
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Potency of extract contents from selected tropical chewing sticks against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus auricularis (1997)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 14 (1997), S. 235-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Antibiotic value ; chewing stick species ; new antibiotics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Two strains of enteropathogenic Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus auricularis, NIAH 11484 and Staphylococcus aureus, IFO 12732) were tested in vitro for their resistance to extracts from tropical chewing stick species, namely, Garcinia mannii Heck, Masularia accuminata (G. Don) Benth, Zanthoxylum gilletii (DeWild) Waterman, Terminalia glaucescens Plauch ex Benth, Azadiracta indica A. Juss, Anogeissus leiocarpus Guill & Perr and Pseudocedrela kotschyi (Schweinf.). The chewing sticks are normally used for oral hygiene and this is felt to be related to their ability to attack bioagents that could invade the mouth during normal nutrition. Results from our study showed that the antibiotic properties of test chewing stick species vary and are target-microbe-specific. Of the species examined, only T. glaucescens showed appreciable broad antibiotic effect against S. aureus and S. auricularis. Intense antibiotic activity against S. aureus occurred when using a 2.0 g/l extract concentration and a 30-h incubation. T. glaucescens also showed intense activity against S. auricularis at 2.0 g/l concentration, 30-h incubation when all other extracts had lost their potency. A. indica is, however, most effective against S. aureus, showing appreciable antibiotic activity at 0.4 g/l concentration, 30-h incubation. Z. gilletii has no antibiotic activity against any of the test bacteria. The antistaphylococcus compounds in T. glaucescens and A. indica are worthy of isolation and further analyses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008838331079
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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