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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chondroneutrality of meloxicam in rats with spontaneous osteoarthrosis of the ankle joint (1997)
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie 56 (1997), S. 21-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0340-1855
    Keywords: Key words Meloxicam ; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ; rats ; osteoarthrosis of ankle joints ; histology ; Schlüsselwörter Meloxicam ; nichtsteroidales Antiphlogistikum ; Ratten ; Sprunggelenkarthrose ; Histologie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß von Meloxicam, einem neuen nichtsteroidalen Antiphlogistikum, auf die spontane Arthrose der Sprunggelenke von Crl:CDBR-Ratten wurde untersucht. Das Medikament war in einer Dosierung von 0,4, 0,6 und 0,8 mg/kg/Tag über einen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren 50 männlichen und 50 weiblichen Ratten (pro Dosis) mit dem Futter appliziert worden. 100 männliche und 100 weibliche unbehandelte Tiere dienten als Kontrollkollektiv. Histologisch wurden unterschiedliche arthrotische Veränderungen in Hüft-, Knie- und Sprunggelenken bei behandelten und unbehandelten Tieren beobachtet. Am häufigsten traten schwere Gelenkveränderungen in den Sprunggelenken auf. Wesentliche strukturelle Unterschiede zwischen behandelten und unbehandelten Tieren konnten histologisch nicht nachgewiesen werden. Es wird geschlossen, daß Meloxicam in der angewandten Dosierung keinen wesentlichen Einfluß auf die Sprunggelenkarthrose der Ratten ausübt und damit für diese Spezies als chondroneutral zu betrachten ist.
    Notes: Summary The effect of meloxicam, a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, on spontaneous osteoarthrosis of the ankle joint in Crl:CDBR rats was investigated. The drug was administered in the feed at doses of 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 mg/kg/day over a period of 2 years to 50 males and 50 females per dose. 100 male rats and 100 female rats were used as controls. Histological examination revealed osteoarthrotic changes of varying degrees of severity in the hip, knee and ankle joints of both treated and untreated animals. The incidence and severity of these changes was greatest in the ankle joints. There was little difference between treated and untreated animals as regards the site, incidence, severity and histological appearance of the osteoarthrotic changes. At the doses tested, meloxicam does not affect the processes involved in spontaneous osteoarthrosis in the rat and can therefore be regarded as chondroneutral in this species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003930050017
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meloxicam: A potent inhibitor of adjuvant arthritis in the Lewis rat (1995)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 44 (1995), S. 548-555 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Meloxicam ; Piroxicam ; Diclofenac ; Adjuvant arthritis ; Lewis rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of meloxicam, piroxicam, diclofenac and tenidap on the swelling of hind paws, radiologically-detectable bone and cartilage destruction of hind paws, increase in spleen weight, increase in erythrocyte sedimentation rate and changes in serum protein composition in male Lewis rats with adjuvant arthritis were studied following once-daily oral administration of these drugs for 21 days. All the drugs dose-dependently inhibited hind paw swelling. For equal activity against hind paw swelling caused by the secondary reaction, the required daily dose of piroxicam was about twice that of meloxicam; those of diclofenac and tenidap were about 3.5 and 60 times higher respectively. The bone and cartilage destruction induced by adjuvant arthritis were inhibited by meloxicam at low daily doses and by piroxicam at doses approximately four times those of meloxicam. Diclofenac and tenidap had only a weak effect on radiologically-detectable lesions when administered at doses sufficient to reduce paw swelling. Meloxicam also had a dose-dependent corrective effect on the systemic changes which occur in adjuvant arthritic rats, e.g. increase in spleen weight, increase in erythrocyte sedimentation rate and changes in serum protein composition. Piroxicam produced similar effects, at 3–4 times higher doses. Diclofenac and tenidap did not show comparable effects when administered at appropriate doses. These findings indicate that the action of meloxicam and piroxicam differs from that of diclofenac and tenidap in adjuvant arthritis in the Lewis rat. At oral doses which significantly reduce edema formation, only meloxicam and piroxicam showed a significant effect on systemic parameters of adjuvant disease in the Lewis rat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01757360
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential inhibition of cyclooxygenases-1 and -2 by meloxicam and its 4′-isomer (1998)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 47 (1998), S. 270-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Cyclooxygenase — COX-1 — COX-2 — Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective and Design: Two structurally related compounds, meloxicam (Mel) and its structural 4′-isomer (4′-Mel), were compared to examine the role of a slightly different chemical structure on cyclooxygenase (COX) selectivity in in vitro and in vivo experimental models.¶Material or Subjects: In vitro studies were performed using human whole blood obtained from healthy volunteers, in vivo studies were performed in rats.¶Treatment: A concentration-response curve was obtained in the whole blood assay for Mel, 4′-Mel, indomethacin, piroxicam and diclofenac. These were used to calculate the respective IC50 values of either prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) or thromboxane B2 (TxB2). Similarly, a dose-response curve was obtained for Mel, 4′-Mel and piroxicam when measuring in vivo prostaglandin production, anti-inflammatory activity and gastric tolerance to determine the dose resulting in a 50% reduction of the each parameter.¶Methods: COX selectivity was investigated in vitro using a human whole blood assay. PGE2 synthesis in vivo was measured in inflammatory exudate, in the stomach and kidneys of rats. Anti-inflammatory effects were measured in an adjuvant arthritis model and gastric tolerance was tested in an ulcerogenicity model in vivo in rats.¶Results: In the human whole blood assay, the ratio of IC50 values for COX-1 vs. COX-2 inhibition was 13 for Mel and 1.8 for 4′-Mel. In inflammatory exudate in rats, Mel and 4′-Mel inhibited PGE2 synthesis to a similar extent, ID50 values ∼ 0.3 mg/kg. In contrast, Mel was a weaker inhibitor of PG synthesis than 4′-Mel in the rat stomach and in the rat kidney. Paw swelling was reduced by 50% with 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg for Mel and 4′-Mel, respectively, in the rat adjuvant arthritis model. Gastric tolerance (UD50) was 2.4 mg/kg for Mel and 0.4 mg/kg for 4′-Mel.¶Conclusions: These data demonstrate that the in vitro and in vivo pharmacological profile of meloxicam is structurally dependent and that minor structural changes can lead to significant differences in the selectivity for COX-1 and COX-2 in vitro and to different profiles in vivo suggesting different therapeutic potential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050329
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic and related properties of meloxicam, a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with favourable gastrointestinal tolerance (1995)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 44 (1995), S. 423-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Meloxicam ; Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs ; Anti-inflammatory activity ; Analgesic activity ; Gastrointestinal tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties of the new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, meloxicam, were investigated in a variety of animal models and compared with the properties of piroxicam, diclofenac, indomethacin and several other NSAIDs. With respect to the total effect of a single oral dose, the anti-exudative effect of meloxicam on carrageenaninduced oedema in the rat exceeded that of all the NSAIDs included in the comparison. Additionally, meloxicam showed the greatest potency of all the compounds examined with respect to adjuvant-induced arthritis in the rat, the granuloma pouch model and the cotton pellet test in the rat. Unlike indomethacin, in the carrageenan pleurisy model in the rat, meloxicam caused both a dose-dependent reduction in exudate volume and also inhibition of leucocyte migration. Meloxicam showed a strong and lasting effect on inflammatory pain in the rat. Like other NSAIDs, but unlike dipyrone, meloxicam had no effect in the hot plate and tail clamp tests, which are used to identify weak central analgesic effects. Unlike dipyrone and like indomethacin, meloxicam had no effect in a model of visceral distention pain. In common with other NSAIDs, meloxicam had no influence on the body temperature of normothermic rats in the anti-inflammatory dose range, but did reduce yeastinduced fever in the rat in a dose-dependent manner. Like piroxicam, meloxicam had a uricosuric effect on rats treated with oxonic acid. Low-dose meloxicam inhibited both bradykinin-induced and PAF-induced bronchospasm in the guinea-pig, but had no effect on acetylcholine-induced bronchospasm. Piroxicam had greater ulcerogenic effects in the rat stomach than meloxicam. The therapeutic range of meloxicam in the rat, with regard to inhibition of adjuvant arthritis, was several times greater than that of piroxicam, indomethacin, diclofenac and naproxen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01757699
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Der Abbau von Phenylamiden durch Bacillus sphaericus (1971)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 80 (1971), S. 315-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Acylanilide Monalide, Carboxin, Oxycarboxin, 2,5-Dimethylfurancarbonsäureanilid, Pyracarbolid, 2-Methyl- und 2-Chlorbenzoesäureanilid, der N′-Phenylcarbaminsäureester Propham und die N-Phenylharnstoff-derivate Monolinuron, Linuron, Metobromuron und Maloran wurden durch B. sphaericus an der Amidbindung zu den entsprechenden Anilinen und Säuren gespalten. Der qualitative Nachweis der Zwischenprodukte gelang dünnschicht- und gaschromatographisch mit Hilfe von Vergleichssubstanzen. Für den Abbau der Phenylamide durch B. sphaericus wurde ein Abbauschema aufgestellt.
    Notes: Summary B. sphaericus is degrading the acylamides monalide, carboxin, oxycarboxin, 2,5-dimethylfurancarboxylic acid anilide, pyracarbolid, 2-methyl-and 2-chloro-benzoic acid anilide, the N′-phenylcarbamate propham and the N′-methoxyphenylurea compounds monolinuron, linuron, metabromuron and maloran by cleaving the amide linkage, forming the corresponding anilines and acids. The metabolites were determined qualitatively by the means of co-thinlayer- and co-gaschromatography. A pathway for degradation of the phenylamides by B. sphaericus is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00406219
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of o-toluate in Pseudomonas putida isolate 1065 and Rhizopus japonicus ATCC 24794 (1973)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 93 (1973), S. 229-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Among various soil microorganisms tested only Pseudomonas putida isolate 1065 and Rhizopus japonicus ATCC 24794 were able to transform o-toluate. In P. putida o-toluate was quantitatively hydroxylated to give 2-hydroxymethyl-benzoate and in R. japonicus it was reduced to 2-hydroxymethyltoluene. Both compounds, which were identified on the basis of their physical properties, accumulated during a one week growth period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00412022
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wundheilung und Kollagenstoffwechsel (1972)
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 157 (1972), S. 242-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01851153
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antikörperbildung bei Verbrennungen (1972)
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 157 (1972), S. 186-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01851131
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    31. Das Kölner Modell chirurgischer Erstversorgung am Unfallort (1969)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 325 (1969), S. 260-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Effektivität organisierter ärztlicher Hilfe am Unfallort ist weitgehend abhängig von einer sinnvollen Stationierung der Rettungswagen und des Notarztes sowie von seiner schnellen Alarmierung und der richtigen Indikations stellung zum Arzteinsatz. Arzt und Hilfspersonal müssen eine qualifizierte Aus- und Weiterbildung erhalten. In Köln wurden in 5 Jahren 5344 Einsatzfahrten durchgeführt. Das entspricht einer jährlichen Einsatzquote von 125 je 100000 Einwohner. Der Anteil sinnloser Arzteinsätze von 43% muß nach wie vor in Kauf genommen werden. 3410 Patienten wurden an der Unfallstelle und auf dem Transport behandelt. Etwa die Hälfte von ihnen war leicht verletzt, je ein Viertel mittelschwer bis schwer. 40% aller behandelten Patienten benötigten Infusionen, etwa 13% mußten bereits an der Unfallstelle intubiert werden. Aufgrund unserer Arzteinsätze lag die Anzahl der auf dem Transport verstorbenen Patienten mit etwa l% weit unter den im Schrifttum angegebenen Zahlen.
    Notes: Summary The efficacy of organized medical help at the location of an accident will largely depend upon sensible siting of the accident ambulances and of the emergency medical officer, upon the speed with which he can be called, and the appropriateness of the indication for calling the doctor. Both the doctor and the auxiliary personnel need proper training and refresher courses. 5,344 journeys were undertaken in Cologne during five years. This corresponds to an annual rate of 125 incidents per 100,000 inhabitants. In 43% of incidents the presence of a doctor was not really necessary; this may well be a price that will have to be paid. 3,410 patients were treated at the site of accident and during transport to hospital. About half were slightly wounded, a quarter medium-severe to severe. 40% of the patients treated needed infusions; 13% had to be intubated at the site of accident. Judging by our incident reports the number of patients that died in transit was 1%, greatly below the figure given in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01255918
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Erzeugung standardisierter Brandwunden an Ratten (1970)
    Springer
    Clinical and experimental medicine 152 (1970), S. 171-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1591-9528
    Keywords: Burn equipment ; Adjustable burn stamp ; Standard burn ; Verbrennungsgerät ; regulierbarer Brennstempel ; Standard-Brandwunde
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine Apparatur beschrieben, mit der Brandwunden verschiedener Tiefe bei kleinen Versuchstieren in vivo gesetzt werden können. Die Genauigkeit des Gerätes ermöglicht es, die Versuchsbedingungen zu reproduzieren und somit zu statistisch auswertbaren Befunden zu kommen.
    Notes: Summary An apparatus is described to produce standardized burns of different degrees on rats by varying temperature and time of exposure. The apparatus works with great accuracy, the experiments are reproducible and the dates can be used statistically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02046602
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