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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 232 (1971), S. 187-187 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] This event occurred at approximately 11 a.m. in the entrance hall of the Plockenhaus, a restaurant below the Plockenpass in the Carnic Alps (Austria). Students from a field trip of the Geology Department of the Universitat Heidelberg were staying inside this restaurant because of a thunderstorm ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 85 (1998), S. 515-523 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Herzerkrankung ; Thoraxschmerz ; Psychosomatische Störung ; Key words Heart disease ; Chest pain ; Psychosomatic disorder
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Aims: Chest pain in children is often suspected to originate from cardiac disease. Aim of this study was to characterise the symptomatology of supposed cardiac chest pain in children and to investigate whether cardiac disease indeed underlies the pain or not. Furthermore, indications for a psychosomatic origin of the pain were searched for. Methods: The study involved 456 children referred to a pediatric cardiology outpatient department for chest pain. The patients were evaluated by ECG and echocardiogram. In selected cases, a chest radiograph, exercise ECG, or a 24-hour ECG monitoring was performed. A subgroup of 52 children and parents was interviewed on the basis of a questionnaire to evaluate the symptomatology of the pain, the family history, and psychosocial factors. Results: 15% of the children had diverse structural anomalies or arrhythmias usually of a low grade. The frequency of these findings did not differ from that of a control group without chest pain. Independent of the presence of these findings cardiac function was normal during exercise. The characteristic symptomatology (short, sharp, no radiation) did not correspond to that of ischemic heart disease, and was largely identical in children with and without cardiac findings. Factors typical of psychosomatic disorders were observed: a positive family history of „functional cardiac complaints” and other psychosomatic disorders particularly with regard to the mother, other somatic complaints prior to or along with the chest pain, and the presence of stressful life events. Conclusions: These data suggest that the described chest pain in children is a psychosomatic condition rather than caused by organic cardiac disease.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Thoraxschmerzen bei Kindern werden häufig mit Erkrankungen des Herzens in Zusammenhang gebracht. Im Rahmen dieser Studie sollten der Symptomkomplex kindlicher „Herzschmerzen” charakterisiert und seine Genese aus kardiologischer Sicht untersucht werden. Ein weiteres Ziel bestand darin, Hinweise auf psychogene Faktoren in der Schmerzgenese zu erhalten. Methode: In die Studie waren 456 Kinder einbezogen, die unter dem Verdacht von „Herzschmerzen” an kinderkardiologische Ambulanzen überwiesen worden waren. Die Basisdiagnostik umfaßte EKG und Echokardiographie. In vielen Fällen erfolgten zusätzlich Langzeit-EKG, Thoraxröntgen oder Belastungs-EKG. Zur Beschreibung der Symptomatik und zur Evaluierung familiärer und psychosozialer Faktoren wurde ein Fragebogen ausgearbeitet und damit eine Untergruppe von 52 Kindern untersucht. Ergebnisse: Bei 15% der Kinder wurden verschiedenartige und meist geringfügige strukturelle und funktionelle Abweichungen vom Normalbefund des Herzens beobachtet. Ihre Prävalenz war nicht höher als in einer Kontrollpopulation. Unabhängig vom Vorhandensein dieser Befunde war die kardiale Leistungsfähigkeit normal. Die typische Symptomatik (kurz, stechend, ohne Ausstrahlung) entsprach nicht der des ischämischen Herzschmerzes und war bei Kindern mit und ohne kardiale Veränderungen weitgehend identisch. Es wurden Faktoren beobachtet, die typisch für psychosomatische Erkrankungen sind: eine positive Familienanamnese für „funktionelle Herzbeschwerden” und andere psychosomatische Erkrankungen insbesondere hinsichtlich der Mutter, das gleichzeitige oder zeitlich versetzte Auftreten anderer Schmerzsyndrome und potentielle psychosoziale Belastungen. Schlußfolgerungen: Vermutlich spielen nicht manifeste organische Veränderungen am Herzen, sondern psychosomatische Faktoren in der Pathogenese des hier charakterisierten kindlichen Thoraxschmerzes eine Rolle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
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    Unknown
    Wien : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of economics/Zeitschrift für Nazionalökonomie. 10:1 (1941:Feb. 15) 176 
    ISSN: 0931-8658
    Topics: Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Wirtschaftsbeschreibung und Wirtschaftsgeschichte
    Notes: Einzelbesprechungen
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  • 5
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    Unknown
    Wien : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of economics/Zeitschrift für Nazionalökonomie. 10:1 (1941:Feb. 15) 181 
    ISSN: 0931-8658
    Topics: Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Soziologie
    Notes: Einzelbesprechungen
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  • 6
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    Unknown
    Wien : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of economics/Zeitschrift für Nazionalökonomie. 10:2 (1942:Okt. 5) 330 
    ISSN: 0931-8658
    Topics: Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Volkswirtschaftspolitik
    Notes: Einzelbesprechungen
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 25 (1998), S. 503-511 
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A two-component laser Doppler velocimeter with high spatial and temporal resolution was used to obtain measurements for fully developed turbulent flow of water through a channel with an aspect ratio of 12 : 1 at Re=5700 (based on the centerline velocity and the half-height of the channel). Statistical quantities that were determined are the mean streamwise velocity, the root-mean-square of the fluctuations of the streamwise and the normal velocities, the Reynolds shear stress and higher order moments. Turbulence production is calculated from these quantities. Turbulence statistics obtained from experiments are compared with results from a direct numerical simulation at the same Reynolds number. The good agreement validates a recent DNS, at Re=5700, which is approximately twice as large as used in most previous studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Key words Chronic hypoxia ; Atrial natriuretic peptide ; Right ventricular hypertrophy ; ANP gene expression ; β/α-Myosin gene expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  It is unclear whether the increase in plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentration during hypoxia is due to direct, hypoxia-induced upregulation of ANP secretion in the heart, or to pressure overload of the right ventricle (RV) following hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. To test the hypothesis that hypoxia leads to an early upregulation of the ANP gene, we examined the influence of acute and prolonged inspiratory hypoxia (6 h, 1 or 3 weeks) on the expression of ANP messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) in rat heart and compared the results with the expression of the ANP gene after acute pressure overload induced by experimental coarctation of the main pulmonary artery. As a molecular marker for hypertrophy we determined the ratio of α- and β-myosin gene expression. Hypoxia increased systolic RV pressure from 20.0 ± 1.6 mmHg to 27.8 ± 1.6 mmHg (P 〈 0.01) and 41.6 ± 2.1 mmHg (P 〈 0.05) after 1 and 3 weeks hypoxia respectively. The ANP plasma concentration did not change significantly after 6 h or 1 week: 232 ± 21 pg/ml (control), 246 ± 25 pg/ml (6 h), 268 ± 25 pg/ml (1 week), but increased significantly after 3 weeks hypoxia (446.8 ± 99.56 pg/ml; P 〈 0.05). ANP mRNA levels in different regions of the heart did not change after 6 h or 1 week hypoxia. After 3 weeks hypoxia ANP mRNA had increased 2.7-fold in the RV (P 〈 0.05), 4.2-fold in the left ventricle (LV, P 〈 0.05), 3.5-fold in the septum (S, P 〈 0.05) and about 1.4-fold in the right (n.s.) and left atrium (n.s.). Relative ventricular masses increased significantly only for the RV (190%, P 〈 0.05) during hypoxia. The β/α-myosin mRNA ratio did not change after 6 h hypoxia but, contrary to ANP gene expression, increased after just 1 week (6.1-fold in RV, 7.8-fold in LV, 6-fold in S; P 〈 0.05) and was more pronounced in the RV after 3 weeks (9.4-fold in RV, 7.6-fold in LV, 9.1-fold in S; P 〈 0.05). The increase in the β/α-myosin mRNA ratio in the LV contrasts with a lack of increase in relative ventricular mass. Acute pressure overload in the RV after pulmonary arterial banding significantly increased ANP-mRNA and the β/α-myosin mRNA ratio after 1 day in the RV. In the LV ANP mRNA was unchanged. The delayed upregulation of the ANP gene suggests that hypoxia per se is not a significant stimulus for ANP gene expression in the heart and that hypoxia-induced ANP-gene expression in the heart is regulated predominantly by the increase in RV afterload due to hypoxia-induced increased pulmonary pressure. The upregulation of ANP and β-myosin mRNA in the LV during chronic hypoxia has yet to be elucidated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 3 (1971), S. 379-395 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Etude de la décomposition thermique du polytétrafluoroéthylène (Teflon), du polyethylene haute et basse densité, de l'acétal Delrin, de la fibre de verre phénolique AVCO et du carbone phénolique par TG à vitesse d'échauffement constante. Enregistrement de la perte de poids en fonction du temps ou de la température, depuis la température ambiante jusqu'à 700°C environ. Détermination de l'ordre des réactions en portant le logarithme de la vitesse en fonction de la température. Détermination des facteurs de fréquence et des énergies d'activation moyennes par intégration numérique des équations de vitesse appropriées en traitant les résultats sur la base de mécanismes réactionnels du 1er ordre dans les domaines de température correspondants. Emploi des méthodes graphiques habituelles dans le cas des réactions d'ordre zéro.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die thermische Zersetzung von Polytetrafluoräthylen (TFE, Teflon), von Polyäthylen niedriger und hoher Dichte (HDP und LDP), von Delrin Acetal (DA), von AVCO Phenolglaswolle (APFG) und von Phenolkohle (CP) wurde thermogravimetrisch mit konstanter Aufheizgeschwindigkeit untersucht. Der Gewichtsverlust wurde als Funktion der Zeit und der Temperatur von Zimmertemperatur bis zu 700° registriert. Aus der Darstellung der Logarithmen der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit gegen die Temperatur wurde die Reaktionsordnung ermittelt. Die Arrheniusschen Frequenzfaktoren und die Werte der durchschnittlichen Aktivierungsenergien wurden durch komputerierte Integrierung der geeigneten Geschwindigkeitsgleichungen bestimmt. In den entsprechenden Geschwindigkeitsgleichungen wurden für spezielle Temperaturgebiete die Ergebnisse aufgrund des Reaktionsmechanismus von erster Ordnung behandelt. Reaktionen nullter Ordnung wurden nach den üblichen graphischen Methoden ausgewertet.
    Notes: Abstract The thermal decomposition of polytetrafluoroethylene (TFE, Teflon), high and low density polyethylene (HDP and LDP), Delrin Acetal (DA), AVCO Phenolic Fiberglass (APFG), and carbon phenolic (CP), were studied by a thermogravimetric technique which utilized a constant heating rate. Loss in sample weight was recorded as a function of time or temperature from room temperature to approximately 700°. Reaction orders were established from logarithmic rate versus temperature plots. Arrhenius frequency factors and overall activation energies were determined from computerized integrations of the appropriate rate equations in which the results were treated on the basis of first-order reaction mechanisms for specific temperature regions. Zero-order mechanisms were estimated by the usual graphical methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1617-7134
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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