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  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 1970-1974
  • Analysis  (1)
  • Gamma-amino  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Accreditation and quality assurance 1 (1996), S. 14-17 
    ISSN: 1432-0517
    Keywords: Key words Measurement ; Uncertainty ; Analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  It is now becoming recognised in the measurement community that as well as reporting the measured value it is also essential to give its uncertainty. Without a knowledge of the uncertainty, it is impossible for the users of the result to know what confidence can be placed in it and it is also impossible to assess the comparability of different measurements of the same parameter. However, problems arise with the use of such terminology as error, accuracy, inaccuracy and uncertainty that has everyday connotations as well as formal definitions for use in metrology. The paper gives a resume of the reasons why it is important to evaluate and report the uncertainty on a result in a consistent manner. A description is given of the concept of uncertainty, which highlights the difference between it and error, accuracy or inaccuracy. This is followed by a discussion of the recommendations made by the "ISO – Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement" for the evaluation and reporting of uncertainty. The methodology for evaluating uncertainty is described and the advantages of using suitable reference materials are discussed. Finally, the benefits to both the analytical laboratory and the user of the results from the evaluation and reporting of uncertainty are considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-5233
    Keywords: Non-obese diabetic mouse ; Gamma-amino ; butyric acid ; Glutamic acid decarboxylase ; Baclofen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GAD has been identified as a 64-kDa antigen expressed in pancreatic beta-cells, to which autoantibodies are generated prior to the onset of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. GAD may therefore be an initiating factor in beta-cell destruction. We administered baclofen, a GABA-B receptor agonist, to non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice in an attempt to down-regulate GAD expression and thereby reduce the incidence of diabetes. Twenty-four female NOD mice were given baclofen in their drinking water at a final dose of 50 mg/kg body weight daily from weaning to 30 weeks of age. Twentyfour sex-and litter-matched mice were used as controls. At 30 weeks there was no difference in the incidence of diabetes in the treated group compared with the controls. However, there was a significant delay in the onset of diabetes in the treated group (P〈0.001, parallelism test). The degree of insulitis and the GAD activity in the pancreas per mg of protein were unchanged by baclofen treatment with respect to controls. These results suggest that baclofen may be effective in delaying diabetes onset in NOD mice by stimulating GABA activity, as this neurotransmitter, localised in the islets, may modulate insulin secretion and the antigen expression associated with it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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