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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Realization of high tunability barium strontium titanate thin films by rf magnetron sputtering (1999)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 3186-3188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ferroelectric thin films are currently being used to develop tunable microwave circuits based on the electric-field dependence of the dielectric constant. (Ba0.5Sr0.5)TiO3 (BST) films prepared by sputtering on Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si substrates are found to exhibit a capacitance change (tunability) of nearly 4:1. Higher tunability has been attributed to the (100) texturing of the BST films and is a result of the biaxial tensile stress imposed by Si on BST making the polar axis oriented in plane. Electrical characterization shows that the dielectric permittivity increases with increase in film thickness (up to ∼200 nm). © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.125272
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolism of depleted turtle bladder (1972)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 8 (1972), S. 205-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Oxygen consumption, glycogen content, transmural potential difference (PD), and short-circuit current (SCC) were measured in fresh turtle hemibladder sacs and in matching sacs depleted by 18 hr of incubation in aerated, substrate-free Ringer's solution. Percent of original values after depletion were: oxygen consumption, 61%; glycogen content, 36%; PD, 28%; SCC, 19%. PD and SCC responded to addition of substrate (5.5mm glucose plus 2mm pyruvate) by a lag period of approximately 2 hr followed by progressive increases lasting for many hours. Other experiments utilized split bladders. The epithelium and adhering connective tissue (mucosal fraction) were separated from the underlying smooth muscle and connective tissue (serosal fraction) and the oxygen consumption and glycogen content of slices of the two fractions determined. Mucosal oxygen consumption declined to 48% of the original value during depletion while serosal oxygen consumption (initially much lower than mucosal) was well-maintained at 95% of the original value. Substantial net synthesis of glycogen took place in both fractions of depleted bladders after addition of substrate. The ratio of moles of oxygen consumed to moles of glucose (from glycogen) disappearing during the 18-hr depletion period was approximately 5.5 for serosal tissue and within the range 30 to 61 for mucosal tissue. The mucosal ratio was incompatible with the utilization of glycogen as the major endogenous substrate during depletion under aerobic conditions. It is suggested that the oxidation of lipid supports most of the endogenous metabolism in the mucosal tissue of the turtle bladder.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01868103
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase equilibria of charged lamellar phases: Effect of adding surfactants with sugar headgroups on interbilayer repulsions (1997)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 105 (1997), S. 351-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Glycolipid ; didodecyldimethylammonium bromide ; phase diagram ; concentration gradient ; mixed micelles ; critical demixion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The ternary phase diagram of the water/2-O LauroylSaccharose (LS)/didodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide (DDAB) is determined versus temperature using an extension of the gradient method. Three phase equilibria regions are localized. The existence of these phase equilibria is due to a combination of electrostatic effects and steric effects. The high surface charge density of the double chain surfactant (DDAB) and the large polar volume of the single chain added surfactant (LS) induce coexisting repulsive mechanisms of steric and electrostatic origin which are directly measured using vapor pressure experiments. Critical demixtion of two lamellar phases formerly observed by temperature variation, can also be induced by adding LS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01188977
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The isolated mucosa of turtle bladder (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 171 (1971), S. 237-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The mucosa of the turtle bladder was separated from underlying tissue by blunt dissection and its composition characterized. Although large amounts of non-epithelial tissue were removed by the dissection, a considerable amount of connective tissue and a small amount of smooth muscle were always present in the isolated layer. The epithelial cells were described and anatomical features of significance in water and ion transport studies examined. The columnar epithelial cells of the mucosal layer were arranged in clusters bounded by crypts. The cells were larger near the bladder neck than in the distal regions of the bladder. Single smooth muscle cells were found immediately beneath the epithelial cell layer. Long intercellular channels separated the cells. Possible roles of these features in water and ion transport were discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091710204
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lymphoid cells in the turtle bladder (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 176 (1973), S. 111-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Lymphoid nodules and diffuse lymphocytic infiltration are common in turtle urinary bladders. Nodules, usually located immediately beneath the epithelial layer, were found in 15 of 29 different hemibladders surveyed. A whole cross-section of each hemibladder was examined in the survey. The nodules consisted of aggregates of dense lymphocytes without germinal centers. Erosion of the epithelial layer over the nodule was found in approximately one third of the cases. Scattered lymphocytes were abundant within the epithelial layer and were found in smears from the mucosal surface. Pyroninophilic cells resembling plasma cells were found in all regions of the bladder. Electron micrographs showed lymphocytes and plasma cells in the epithelial layer above the basement membrane.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091760108
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