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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parenchymal neurocysticercosis: follow-up and staging by MRI (1997)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 39 (1997), S. 12-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Cysticercosis ; central nervous system ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe the evolution of parenchymal cerebral cysticerci on MRI, to assess signs of early cyst degeneration. We studied 15 lesions in four treated and one untreated patient. MRI was performed before therapy and repeated in the 1st month after each course of anticysticercus drugs, every 4 months during the 1st year and then annually; the follow-up period was 8–48 months. Lesions were classified according to changes in four features: cyst content and capsule signal, gadolinium enhancement and oedema signal. We were able to recognise each of the pathological phases; five MRI stages were identified. Stage 1 showed oedema and/or nodular gadolinium enhancement in the tissue invasion phase; stage 2 was cerebrospinal fluid-like signal within a cyst in the vesicular phase; stage 3 showed a thick capsule with an impure liquid content signal and surrounding oedema, in the cystic phase; stage 4 showed the disappearance of the cyst fluid content signal in the degenerative phase; stage 5 showed a calcified lesion in the residual phase. Stage 1 lesions disappeared after therapy; the other progressed from one stage to another. Stage 4 indicated the end of viability of the parasite and determined the point after which treatment was useless. On T2-weighted images changes in the cyst content differed according to the history of the lesion; nodular low intensity followed the natural degeneration of the parasite and a mixed fluid signal with punctate low signal seemed to represent the specific result of therapy. MRI staging can help in the evaluation of indications for treatment and facilitate clinical therapeutic trials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050358
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the mean free path for a periodic array of spherical obstacles (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 82 (1996), S. 1385-1407 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Lorentz gas ; kinetic theory ; mean free path ; continued fractions ; ergodization rate ; small divisors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We prove theorems pertaining to periodic arrays of spherical, obstacles which show how the macroscopic limit of the mean free path depends on the scaling of the size of the obstacles. We treat separately the cases where the obstacles are totally and partially absorbing, and we also distinguish between two-dimensional arrays, where our results are optimal, and higher dimensional arrays, where they are not. The cubically symmetric arrays to which these results apply do not have finite horizon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02183388
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Novel Rat Tyrosine Hydroxylase mRNA Species Generated by Alternative Splicing (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 66 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of catecholamines. Among the various mechanisms implicated in the regulation of TH activity, alternative splicing of TH primary transcript has been described as a characteristic of higher primates and Drosophila. We investigated whether there is such a regulatory mechanism in the rat. Reverse transcriptase-PCR experiments were performed with RNA from PC12 cells. A new TH mRNA species was evidenced, resulting from the use of an alternative donor site in exon 2. RNase protection assays and in situ hybridization experiments detected this mRNA species in the adrenal medulla but not in the main catecholaminergic nuclei of the CNS. The corresponding putative protein lacks 33 amino acids in the N-terminal regulatory domain. A recombinant protein was produced in E. coli. Its in vitro specific activity was similar to that of the previously identified TH protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.66051819.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New Species of Human Tyrosine Hydroxylase mRNA Are Produced in Variable Amounts in Adrenal Medulla and Are Overexpressed in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 67 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Alternative splicing of human tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) pre-mRNA produces four mRNAs leading to four different TH isoforms and is thought to have important regulatory functions. We show that the diversity of TH mRNAs is greater than previously described in the autonomous nervous system: New splice junctions corresponding to the skipping of exon 3 were identified by amplification of cDNA synthesized from pheochromocytoma RNA. In all cases the reading frame was maintained. These species were assayed by RNase protection experiments; their abundance (4–6%) was comparable to that of the previously identified human TH-3 and -4 species in normal adrenal medulla. However, higher levels (11–34%) of these species were found in adrenal medullas of patients suffering from progressive supranuclear palsy. Whether such changes are specific to the disease or the consequences of the stress associated with this severe neurodegeneration remains to be established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67010019.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Gene Expression by Muscarinic Agonists in Rat Adrenal Medulla (1999)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 73 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene expression in the adrenal medulla is regulated by numerous stimuli via transsynaptic mechanisms. The adrenal chromaffin cell receptors that mediate this transsynaptic response remain unidentified. In this report we demonstrate that the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist bethanechol stimulates the TH gene transcription rate in both innervated and denervated adrenal glands. Hence, this muscarinic response is not dependent on transsynaptic influences, suggesting that agonist occupation of adrenal chromaffin cell muscarinic receptors is sufficient to activate intracellular signaling pathways that stimulate the TH gene. When bethanechol is administered repeatedly over a 3-h interval (four injections spaced 1 h apart), TH mRNA levels are increased two- to threefold at 6 and 12 h after the initial injection of drug. It is surprising that this induction of TH mRNA does not lead to increases in TH activity or TH protein level. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms must be regulated to induce TH protein and that muscarinic agonists activate only a subset of these mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0730153.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The treatment of mild pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus with a topical corticosteroid (1999)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 140 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Seven patients with mild pemphigus vulgaris (n = 3) or pemphigus foliaceus (n = 4) were treated with a very potent topical corticosteroid alone. Clobetasol propionate 0.05% cream was applied to mucosal lesions and involved skin twice a day for at least 15 days, then progressively tapered. Pemphigus was considered to be controlled if healing of lesions was obtained, with a 75% decrease in the number of new lesions per week without addition of any systemic treatment. In all seven patients, the disease was controlled initially with healing of cutaneous lesions within 15 days, while healing of mucosal lesions took at least 1 month. In four patients, remission was maintained with topical corticosteroid alone for a mean 19-month follow-up. In three patients, relapse occurred after 2–11 months, requiring a systemic treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1999.02895.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conduction and 1/f noise analysis in amorphous silicon thin-film transistors (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 923-928 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Conduction and low-frequency noise are analyzed in the channel of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin-film transistors. 1/f noise expressions are proposed starting from a simple conduction model describing drain current in the ohmic range. Carrier fluctuations (ΔN model) and mobility fluctuations (Δμ model) are investigated. For long-channel transistors the conduction is quite similar to crystalline metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors but involving low mobility values. The 1/f noise behavior is analyzed by mobility fluctuations as predicted by Hooge's theory. For small channel transistors a crowding effect appears and access series resistances affect the conduction. The excess noise is then mainly controlled by these resistances when large gate voltages VGS are applied. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360873
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for two catalytically different magnesium-binding sites in acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase by site-directed mutagenesis (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 34 (1995), S. 6026-6036 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00018a004
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seawater acclimation of diploid and triploid brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis), diploid Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus), and their diploid and triploid hybrids (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 46 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Seawater acclimation of diploid (FF) and triploid (F2F) brook charr Salvelinus fontinalis, diploid (AA) Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus, and diploid (FA) and triploid (F2A) hybrids between female brook charr and male Arctic charr was investigated. Triploidization of brook charr and the hybrid did not have any effect on the acclimation. Seawater acclimation of the hybrid was achieved during the experimental period and was comparable to that observed in brook charr. Acclimation could not be ascertained in Arctic charr since the level of cortisol, a stress indicator, was still high at the end of the experiment. No relationship between either length or condition factors and plasma osmolality was observed. Elevated plasma cortisol concentrations in Arctic charr and in diploid or triploid hybrids, both in fresh water and sea water, indicate more favourable rearing conditions for brook charr.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb05971.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of the Peptide Binding Domain of the NK-1 Tachykinin Receptor Using Photoreactive Analogues of Substance P (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 757 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb17498.x
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