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  • 1995-1999  (11)
  • 1930-1934
  • Electron microscopy  (6)
  • hepatectomy  (5)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma ; lupoid hepatitis ; hepatectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 66-year-old woman was diagnosed as having lupoid hepatitis due to the presence of hypergammaglobulinemia, lupus erythematosus cells, and positivity for antinuclear, anti-DNA, and anti-smooth muscle antibodies. None of the serum hepatitis B markers were positive. Symptomatic relief was obtained by prednisolone administration. Five years after the diagnosis of lupoid hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was detected by ultrasonography and computed tomography, after which hepatectomy was performed. Although transcatheter arterial embolization was done on two occasions and repeat hepatectomy was performed twice for recurrent HCC, her liver function remained good with the prednisolone treatment. Antibody for hepatitis C virus has been negative since our first check in 1992. As of this writing, the patient has been alive and well 6 years and 2 months after the first hepatectomy. There have been no previous reports of 6-year survival after hepatectomy for HCC associated with lupoid hepatitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: Key Words: dissecting aneurysm ; hepatic artery ; hepatectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: dissecting aneurysm ; hepatic artery ; hepatectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Dissecting aneurysms of the hepatic artery are extremely rare. We report herein the case of a 51-year-old man with massive hepatic metastases from rectal carcinoma, who was found incidentally to have a left hepatic artery aneurysm by a preoperative angiography. After replacing the left hepatic artery with a 2-cm segment of long saphenous vein, an extended right lobectomy with partial resection of the left lateral segment for multiple metastases was successfully performed. To prevent thrombus formation at the anastomosis, the Pringle maneuver was not used during dissection of the hepatic parenchyma. Histological examination of the resected specimen showed a dissecting aneurysm of the left hepatic artery, but there were no findings to suggest the etiology of this disease. The patient is currently alive 13 months after his operation without any evidence of further recurrence of the carcinoma. To the best our knowledge, 12 case reports of this anomaly have been documented, but only one of these describes a successful operation. The clinical features and etiology of the hepatic artery aneurysm that develops independent of other vascular diseases are discussed following this case report.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: hepatic angiomyolipoma ; ulcerative colitis ; hepatectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Hepatic angiomyolipoma is a rare tumor composed of spindle-shaped and epithelioid smooth muscle cells, adipose tissue, and proliferating blood vessels. We report the first documented case of this tumor developing in a patient with ulcerative colitis. A solitary tumor (7.5×7.5×7cm) was detected in the left lateral segment of the liver and a left hepatic lobectomy was performed. The diagnosis of angiomyolipoma was confirmed by a pathological examination. We also review the literature on previously reported cases of hepatic angiomyolipoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Bronchioloalveolar lung carcinoma ; Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia ; Surfactant apoprotein ; Urine protein 1 ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We used immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy to evaluate the differentiation of cells comprising atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH; n = 26), early bronchioloalveolar lung carcinoma (BAC; n = 11), and overt BAC (n = 16), which are assumed to constitute a continuous spectrum of developmental steps of BAC. Surfactant apoprotein (SAP), a marker for type 2 alveolar cells, was expressed in cells from all the lesions of AAH, early BAC, and overt BAC. However, the proportion of SAP-positive cells decreased and their distribution became more heterogeneous with advancing lesion grade. Urine protein 1, which is identical to the Clara cell-specific 10 kDa protein, was expressed in 70% of overt BAC, whereas only 20% of early BAC showed weak reactivity and none of AAH lesions showed any reactivity at all. Ultrastructurally, type 2 alveolar cell differentiation was predominant among cells from AAH and early BAC. Our results suggest that precursor cells of BAC differentiate predominantly towards type 2 alveolar cells. Cells comprising overt BAC retain this differentiation phenotype, but to a reduced extent. In contrast, concomitantly with progression, cells with Clara cell differentiation emerge and their proportion increases. Such phenotypic changes may reflect metaplasia occurring in tumour cells during the development of BAC.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Astrocytes ; Alzheimer-type dementia ; Electron microscopy ; Glial fibrillary tangles ; Tau protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This report concerns pathological astrocytic tubular structures (astrocytic tubules, As-Tbs) that coexist with glial filaments in astrocytic processes in brains with presenile-onset Alzheimer-type dementia. The formation of As-Tbs appears to be related to the duration of disease and the intensity of Alzheimer histopathology. In three cases in which the disease was of extremely long duration, As-Tbs were found in the frontal and temporal neocortices, the temporal pole and the hippocampus using electron microscopy, whereas they were not found in two cases with a long, but not extremely long, illness duration. As-Tbs were almost exclusively found in the highly devastated neuropil, and we could not find them in regions of moderate neuronal degeneration despite intensive inspection. As reported previously, some As-Tbs was seen adjacent to extracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and in perivascular astrocytes. Our novel finding is that they can exist independently from these, in the highly devastated neuropil. Two types of As-Tbs were observed, twisted tubules with periodic constrictions at 50- to 80-nm intervals and non-twisted tubules where no constrictions were seen but which had a 15-nm fuzzy outer contour. They were positively stained by anti-human tau antibody, an antibody that does not recognize extracellular NFTs. Thus, it is most likely that As-Tbs are not the sequestration of extracellular NFTs, and that they are of astrocytic origin. Moreover, As-Tbs showed argyrophilia. As-Tbs appear indistinguishable from dystrophic neurites under the light microscope. The present data suggest that they may be more widely distributed in the damaged cerebral neuropil than previously thought.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: CD44, adhesion molecule ; Bone ; Osteoclasts ; Osteocytes ; Immunohistochemistry ; Confocal laser scanning microscopy ; Electron microscopy ; Rat (Wistar)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract CD44 is a multifunctional adhesion molecule that binds to hyaluronic acid, type I collagen, and fibronectin. We have studied the immunohistochemical localization of CD44 in bone cells by confocal laser scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy in order to clarify its role in the cell-cell and/or cell-matrix interaction of bone cells. In round osteoblasts attached to bone surfaces, immunoreactivity is restricted to their cytoplasmic processes. On the other hand, osteocytes in bone matrices show intense immunoreactivity on their plasma membrane. Intense immunoreactivity for CD44 can be detected on the basolateral plasma membranes of osteoclasts. There is considerably less reactivity observed in the area of the plasma membrane that is in direct contact with bone. The pre-embedding electron-microscopical method has revealed that CD44 is mainly localized on the basolateral plasma membrane of osteoclasts. However, the ruffled border and clear zone show little immunoreactivity. A CD44-positive reaction can be detected on both plasma membranes in the contact region between osteoclasts and osteocytes. These findings suggest that: 1) cells of the osteoblast lineage express CD44 in accordance with their morphological changes from osteoblasts into osteocytes; 2) osteoclasts express CD44 on their basolateral plasma membrane; 3) CD44 in osteoclasts and osteocytes may play an important role in cell-cell and/or cell-matrix attachment via extracellular matrices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: CD44 ; adhesion molecule ; Bone ; Osteoclasts ; Osteocytes ; Immunohistochemistry ; Confocal laser scanning microscopy ; Electron microscopy ; Rat (Wistar)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. CD44 is a multifunctional adhesion molecule that binds to hyaluronic acid, type I collagen, and fibronectin. We have studied the immunohistochemical localization of CD44 in bone cells by confocal laser scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy in order to clarify its role in the cell-cell and/or cell-matrix interaction of bone cells. In round osteoblasts attached to bone surfaces, immunoreactivity is restricted to their cytoplasmic processes. On the other hand, osteocytes in bone matrices show intense immunoreactivity on their plasma membrane. Intense immunoreactivity for CD44 can be detected on the basolateral plasma membranes of osteoclasts. There is considerably less reactivity observed in the area of the plasma membrane that is in direct contact with bone. The pre-embedding electron-microscopical method has revealed that CD44 is mainly localized on the basolateral plasma membrane of osteoclasts. However, the ruffled border and clear zone show little immunoreactivity. A CD44-positive reaction can be detected on both plasma membranes in the contact region between osteoclasts and osteocytes. These findings suggest that: 1) cells of the osteoblast lineage express CD44 in accordance with their morphological changes from osteoblasts into osteocytes; 2) osteoclasts express CD44 on their basolateral plasma membrane; 3) CD44 in osteoclasts and osteocytes may play an important role in cell-cell and/or cell-matrix attachment via extracellular matrices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1436-0691
    Keywords: liver metastases ; pulmonary metastases ; brain metastases ; colorectal cancer ; hepatectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The optimal treatment for recurrent lesions after hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases is controversial. We report the outcome of aggressive surgery for recurrent disease after the initial hepatectomy and the influence on quality of life of such treatment. Forty-five (70%) of the 64 surviving patients developed recurrence after the initial hepatectomy for liver metastases. The determinants of hepatic recurrence were the distribution and the number of liver metastases. Twenty-eight (62%) of patients with recurrence underwent resection. A second hepatectomy was performed in 20 patients, and a third hepatectomy was done in 5 patients. Ten patients with pulmonary metastasis underwent partial lung resection on 14 occasions, while resection of brain metastases was performed in 3 patients on 5 occasions. There were no operative deaths after resection of recurrent disease. The morbidity rate was 28% after repeat hepatectomy, 21% after pulmonary resection, and 0% after resection of brain metastasis. The Karnofsky performance status (PS) after the last surgery was not significantly different from that after the initial hepatectomy. The 3- and 5-year survival rates after the second hepatectomy were 54% and 14%, respectively. The 3-and 5-year survival rates of the patients undergoing resection of extrahepatic recurrence were both 17%. The survival rate after resection of recurrent disease (n=28) was significantly better than that of patients (n=17) with unresectable recurrence (P 〈 0.05). For the 66 patients with colorectal liver metastases, the 5-year survival rate after initial hepatectomy was 50%. The distribution and the number of liver metastases and the presence of extrahepatic disease, as single factors, significantly affected prognosis after the initial hepatectomy. Multivariate analysis revealed that only the presence of extrahepatic metastasis and a disease-free interval of less than 6 months were independent predictors of survival after the initial and second hepatectomy, respectively. It is concluded that aggressive surgery is an effective strategy for selected patients with recurrence after initial hepatectomy. Careful selection of candidates for repeat surgery will yield increased clinical benefit, including long-term survival.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1860-1499
    Keywords: Subarachnoid hemorrhage ; Calcium ; Cerebral vasospasm ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to clarify the relationship between calcium mobilization and morphological changes in the arterial wall after subarachnoid hemorrhage, electron microscopic histochemical assessments of the intracellular calcium in the arterial wall of human subjects showing vasospasm angiographically were conducted. Intracellular calcium ions in the arterial wall after subarachnoid hemorrhage were significantly more numerous than those of the control specimens. However, reaction products of calcium ions in the arterial wall were distributed mainly in the areas which morphologically revealed spastic changes such as myonecrosis and vacuoles, and there were no or extremely few reaction products of calcium ions in the areas showing no morphological changes in the arterial wall. These findings were consistent with the data for a feline model with experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage previously studied by the authors and indicated that increased intracellular calcium mobilization detected histochemically might be related to the morphological changes in the arterial wall after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
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