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  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 3-Sialyltransferase lst gene  (1)
  • Cosmetic surgery  (1)
  • Acitretin
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Hautarzt 49 (1998), S. 556-559 
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Tumoren ; Schwenklappenplastik ; Kosmetische Chirurgie ; Key words Tumors ; Rotating flaps ; Cosmetic surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The closure of large circular defects on the scalp is technically difficult and cosmetically often not satisfying, if a free transplant is necessary. Following the technique of Tillmann described first in 1908, several flaps shaped like a windmill can be combined. We report on 14 patients (ages 41–88 years) where large defects resulting from the excision of various tumors (5 melanomas, 5 basal cell carcinomas, 1 keratoacanthoma, 1 trichilemmal cyst, 1 squamous cell carcinoma, 1 skin metastasis) were successfully closed by this method. The diameter of the defect ranged between 4 and 8 cm (mean 5,7 cm). Size and number of the rotating flaps (3 or 4) was varied according to the size of the defect and the mobility of the surrounding tissue. The procedure was performed with local anesthesia in all cases. Wound healing occurred without complications except in 3 cases. 2 patients (63 years, 70 years) developed small necrotic areas on the tips of the flaps. In a 74 year old man with a very large defect of 8 cm diameter, one flap of four underwent total necrosis. The cosmetic result was rated ”very good” in 71,4% and ”good” in 14,3%. The preservation of the terminal hair turned out to be of special advantage. The ”windmill procedure” is an important addition to the surgical approaches for closure of large defects on the scalp, particularly in young patients.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der Verschluß von großen zirkulären Defekten auf dem behaarten Kopf ist technisch schwierig und kosmetisch oft unbefriedigend, wenn ein freies Transplantat verwendet werden muß. Bei der von Tillmann 1908 erstmals beschriebenen Technik werden mehrere Schwenklappen in Form eines Windmühlenmusters kombiniert. Wir berichten über 14 Patienten (Alter 41–88 Jahre), bei denen große Defekte nach Exzision verschiedener Tumoren mit dieser Methode erfolgreich verschlossen werden konnten (5 Melanome, 5 Basaliome, 1 Keratoakanthom, 1 Tricholemmalzyste, 1 Spinaliom, 1 Hautmetastase). Der Defektdurchmesser variierte zwischen 4 und 8 cm (Mittelwert 5,7 cm). Größe und Anzahl der Schwenklappen (3 oder 4) wurden jeweils der Größe des Hautdefektes bzw. der Mobilisationsreserve der Defektumgebung angepaßt. Der Eingriff konnte in allen Fällen in Lokalanästhesie durchgeführt werden. Die Wundheilung war komplikationslos bis auf 3 Fälle: Zwei Patienten (63 Jahre, 70 Jahre) entwickelten umschriebene Lappenspitzennekrosen. Bei einem 74jährigen mit sehr großem Defekt von 8 cm ∅ zeigte ein Lappen von vieren eine vollständige Nekrose. Das kosmetische Ergebnis wurde in 71,4% als „sehr gut” und in 14,3% als „gut” eingestuft. Die Erhaltung des Terminalhaares erwies sich als besonderer Vorteil. Die „Windmühlenplastik” ist eine wichtige Ergänzung der Operationstechniken zum Verschluß großer Defekte auf dem Kapillitium, insbesondere bei jüngeren Patienten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Keywords: Key words Meningococci ; α-2 ; 3-Sialyltransferase lst gene ; Serum resistance ; Infant rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The neisserial α-2,3-sialyltransferase, which is encoded by the lst gene, terminally links sialic acid to the lacto-N-neotetraose residue of neisserial lipooligosaccharide (LOS). We used the recently published nucleotide sequence of the neisserial lst gene to construct an isogenic serogroup B meningococcal lst mutant by insertion of a kanamycin resistance gene. The resulting lst mutant expressed the unsialylated lacto-N-neotetraose structure. Using bactericidal assays and an infant rat model of meningococcal infection, we were able to demonstrate that lst mutation, in contrast to galE mutation, which results in a truncated LOS, or to siaD mutation, which results in loss of the capsule, neither had an effect on resistance to normal human serum, nor did it impair the ability of meningococci to spread systemically in the non-immune host. The lst mutant was serum resistant despite of the fact that the central factor of complement activation, C3b, was deposited on the lst mutant as efficiently as it was on the galE mutant. Thus, the terminal sialic acid residue linked to the wild-type LOS inhibited C3b deposition on the meningocuccus. However, in contrast to the galE mutant, where C3b deposition is promoted by IgM binding, the lst mutant's surface is not a target for IgM molecules. Thus, the lacto-N-neotetraose residue of neisserial LOS alone, without the presence of terminal sialic acid, is sufficient to block IgM epitopes either on the LOS itself, or on other surface molecules. Our data provide further insight into the complex interplay of capsular and LOS sialic acids in serogroup B meningococci with host effector mechanisms, and suggest that LOS sialylation in meningococci is of a less central importance as it is in gonococci.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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