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  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • Chemistry  (2)
  • ACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLISM  (1)
  • Australian river  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Freshwater zooplankton in the Hawkesbury-Nepean River: comparison of community structure with other rivers (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 377 (1998), S. 133-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Australian river ; microzooplankton ; taxonomic richness ; density ; correlations ; environmental variables
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Hawkesbury-Nepean River is a regulated coastal river in New South Wales, Australia. Between March 1992 and March 1993, the freshwater portion of the river was inhabited by a taxonomically rich (total: 116 taxa) and dense (annual mean community density: up to 1024 animals l-1) microzooplankton community, comparable to that in some of the large regulated temperate rivers in the Northern Hemisphere. The common zooplankton taxa in the river were similar to those observed in other rivers at the genus or species level, with a characteristic increase in protists ( Vorticella spp.) towards the downstream reaches of the river. Zooplankton community density in the Hawkesbury-Nepean River was, to some degree, predictable from river environmental variables: density was significantly negatively correlated with river flow rate but positively correlated with temperature, turbidity, conductivity, total phosphorus and chlorophyll a. The results of the present study generally conform to the hypothesis of similar structure of zooplankton communities in rivers, relative to that in lakes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003240511366
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship Between Changes of Active Oxygen Metabolism and Blood Flow and Formation, Progression, and Recovery of Lesions in Gastric Mucosa of Rats with a Single Treatment of Compound 48/80, a Mast Cell Degranulator (1997)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 42 (1997), S. 1221-1232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: COMPOUND 40/80 ; MAST CELL DEGRANULATOR ; GASTRIC MUCOSA ; MUCOSAL LESION RAT ; ACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLISM ; OXIDATIVE STRESS ; BLOOD FLOW ; ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The relationship between the changes of activeoxygen metabolism and blood flow and the formation,progression, and recovery of lesions was examined in thegastric mucosa of rats treated once with compound 48/80, a mast cell degranulator. Gastricmucosal lesions appeared 0.5 hr after compound 48/80treatment, became worst at 3 hr, and recovered fairlywell at 12 hr. Increases in gastric mucosal lipidperoxide content and xanthine oxidase andmyeloperoxidase activities and decreases in gastricmucosal vitamin E and hexosamine contents andSe-dependent glutathione peroxidase activity occurredwith the formation and progression of gastric mucosal lesions.These changes were attenuated with the recovery of thelesion. Gastric mucosal nonprotein SH content decreasedwith the formation of gastric mucosal lesions, and this decreased SH content returned to nearthe original level with lesion progression. No changesin gastric mucosal superoxide dismutase and catalaseactivities occurred with the formation, progression, and recovery of gastric mucosal lesions.Gastric mucosal blood flow decreased with the formationof gastric mucosal lesions, and this decreased bloodflow recovered with lesion progression. Serum serotonin concentration, an index of mast celldegranulation, increased with the formation of gastricmucosal lesions, and this increased serotonin level wasattenuated with lesion progression and recovery.Pretreatment with ketotifen, a connective tissue mast cellstabilizer, prevented the formation of gastric mucosallesions, the increases of gastric mucosal lipid peroxidecontent, xanthine oxidase and myeloperoxidase activities, and serum serotonin level; and thedecreases of gastric mucosal nonprotein SH content,glutathione peroxidase activity, and blood flow found at0.5 hr after compound 48/80 treatment. These results indicate that the changes of gastric mucosalactive oxygen metabolism and blood flow are closelyrelated to the formation, progression, and recovery ofgastric mucosal lesions in rats with a single compound 48/80 treatment. The present results alsosuggest that this compound 48/80-induced gastric mucosalinjury could be a kind of ischemia-reperfusion-inducedinjury occurring through degranulation of connective tissue mast cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018854107623
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis of rat brain microsomal membranes modified by dietary fatty acids: Possible correlation with altered learning behavior (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 3 (1997), S. 281-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: brain microsomal membranes ; fatty acids ; learning behavior ; FTIR ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: We measured the Fourier transform infrared spectra of brain microsomal membranes prepared from rats fed under two dietary oil conditions with and without brightness-discrimination learning tasks: one group fed α-linolenate deficient oil (safflower oil) and the other group fed the sufficient oil (perilla oil) from mothers to offspring. The infrared spectra of microsomes under the two dietary conditions without the learning task showed no significant difference in the range 1000-3000 cm-1. Only after the learning task were the infrared spectral differences noted between the microsomal membranes from both groups. Spectral differences were observed mainly in the absorption bands of fatty acid ester at around 1730 cm-1 (sn-2 position), those of phosphate and oligosaccharides in the range of 1050-1100 cm-1, and a band at around 1145 cm-1. The infrared band of fatty acid ester at the sn-2 position in the microsomal membrane shifted to a longer wavenumber position in the perilla oil group than in the safflower oil group, suggesting a difference between both groups in hydrogen bonding of the fatty acid ester with water. A band observed at 1055 cm-1 and a small band at around 1145 cm-1 in the second derivative spectrum decreased in intensity in the perilla oil group after learning task. These bands were assigned mainly to the oligosaccharide C - O bond in hydroxyl groups that might interact with some other membrane components. These results suggest changes in hydration of membrane surface and modification in oligosaccharide environment (removal or modification) of microsomes, which may be correlated in part with dietary oil-induced changes in learning performance. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 3: 281-290, 1997
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osteogenic cell cytotoxicity and biomechanical strength of the new ceramic Diopside (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 37 (1997), S. 100-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Diopside ; biocompatibility ; osteogenic cell (MC3T3-E1) ; biomechanical strength ; apatite wollastonite-containing glass-ceramic (AWGC) ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Diopside was prepared by sintering a powder compact composed of CaMgSi2O6 at 1573K for 2 h. In order to clarify the biocompatibility of Diopside, the cytotoxicity of Diopside against the osteogenic cell line MC3T3-E1 and the bone-Diopside interface strength were examined. On both the 14th and 21st days of incubation of MC3T3-E1 cells with Diopside, ALP activities were not significantly lower than those of the CTRL. TEM photographs of MC3T3-E1 on Diopside after 14 days of incubation showed active secretion of crystals from osteoblast-like cells. Scanning electron microscopic analysis showed that the cells on Diopside formed multiple cell layers similar to those on the CTRL both 14 and 21 days after incubation. These results showed that Diopside had no cytotoxic effect on MC3T3-E1. The pulling test showed that failure loads of Diopside were significantly lower than those of AWGC. Histologically, there was no fibrous tissue or foreign body reaction at the bone interface. SEM-EPMA showed that Diopside had attached to the bone via a calcium-phosphorus layer. SEM back-scattered electron imaging showed that the Diopside plate had degraded to a porous state 12 weeks after implantation. These findings indicate that Diopside is a biodegradable ceramic. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 37, 100-107, 1997.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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