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  • 1995-1999  (5)
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae  (2)
  • bridges  (2)
  • AbbreviationsACh acetylcholine  (1)
Source
Material
Years
  • 1995-1999  (5)
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fatigue load monitoring in steel bridges with Rayleigh Waves (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of nondestructive evaluation 14 (1995), S. 83-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4862
    Keywords: Rayleigh waves ; electromagnetic acoustic transducers ; acustoelasticity ; stress ; bridges
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Fatigue load monitoring is a useful tool for safety assessment of highway bridges. Monitoring has been conventionally done using strain gages. Installation of these gages is labor-intensive and requires safety precautions. Noncontact electromagnetic-acoustic transducers (EMATs) offer an attractive alternative. EMATs were used to transmit and receive Rayleigh Waves (RW). Changes in time of flight of RW due to the acoustoelastic effect can in principle be used to monitor stresses resulting from vehicular traffic. We have performed proof-of-concept experiments to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach. Specimens were subjected to bending to simulate the load environment in bridges. RW EMATs were used to measure the relatively low stresses (less than 14 MPa) typically experienced by bridge girders. The signal-to-noise ratio achievable with our system should allow adequate stress resolution for fatigue load monitoring. Factors which could impede technology transfer were considered. The primary obstacle appears to be variability in time of flight (TOF) due to magnetostriction. If the magnetic state is changed (e.g., by scanning of the EMATs) the TOF can change, even at constant stress. We have characterized this effect. If a proper installation procedure is followed, fatigue load monitoring with RW EMATs is feasible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01183114
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrasonic Measurement of Stress in Pin and Hanger Connections (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of nondestructive evaluation 18 (1999), S. 103-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4862
    Keywords: acoustoelasticity ; stress ; EMATs ; bridges
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Pin and hanger connections are used in bridges to suspend an interior span from the outer spans. The connections can sometimes lock up due to corrosion. If lockup occurs the stresses in the connection are cycled due to thermal expansion and contraction of the bridge; fatigue cracking and failure may occur. We constructed an apparatus to simulate a locked-up pin and hanger connection. We performed proof-of-concept tests of a method to detect stresses in pin and hanger connections. The method uses the stress-induced changes in sound velocity of shear waves polarized parallel and perpendicular to the hanger axis. The birefringence is the normalized difference in these shear wave velocities. We measured the birefringence at opposite sides of the hangers, at midsection. We simulated three scenarios: continuous monitoring of hanger status; intermittent monitoring from a known initial state; measurement with no a priori knowledge of hanger status. Good agreement with strain gauge data was obtained for all three scenarios.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021860727643
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Apamin-sensitive, small-conductance, calcium-activated potassium channels mediate cholinergic inhibition of chick auditory hair cells (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 185 (1999), S. 455-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Key words Apamin ; BK ; Charybdotoxin ; Cochlea ; SK ; AbbreviationsACh acetylcholine ; Chtx charybdotoxin ; IK(ACh) acetylcholine-evoked potassium current ; SHC short hair cell
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Acetylcholine released from efferent neurons in the cochlea causes inhibition of mechanosensory hair cells due to the activation of calcium-dependent potassium channels. Hair cells are known to have large-conductance, “BK”-type potassium channels associated with the afferent synapse, but these channels have different properties than those activated by acetylcholine. Whole-cell (tight-seal) and cell-attached patch-clamp recordings were made from short (outer) hair cells isolated from the chicken basilar papilla (cochlea equivalent). The peptides apamin and charybdotoxin were used to distinguish the calcium-activated potassium channels involved in the acetylcholine response from the BK-type channels associated with the afferent synapse. Differential toxin blockade of these potassium currents provides definitive evidence that ACh activates apamin-sensitive, “SK”-type potassium channels, but does not activate carybdotoxin-sensitive BK channels. This conclusion is supported by tentative identification of small-conductance, calcium-sensitive but voltage-insensitive potassium channels in cell-attached patches. The distinction between these channel types is important for understanding the segregation of opposing afferent and efferent synaptic activity in the hair cell, both of which depend on calcium influx. These different calcium-activated potassium channels serve as sensitive indicators for functionally significant calcium influx in the hair cell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003590050406
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Provisional Quality Control Parameters and Interpretive Criteria for Testing Susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae to Quinupristin/Dalfopristin (RP59500) (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 17 (1998), S. 197-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Keywords: Key words Quinupristin/dalfopristin ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Haemophilus influenzae ; Quality control ; Susceptibility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Studies were undertaken to select tentative criteria for susceptibility testing of quinupristin/dalfopristin against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. Against 612 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, MICs of quinupristin/dalfopristin were ≤1.0 μg/ml for all but one strain. With a tentative MIC breakpoint of either ≤1.0 μg/ml or ≤2.0 μg/ml for susceptible, a disk diffusion zone diameter breakpoint of ≥19 mm embraced all but two of the susceptible pneumococci;≥16 mm included all strains. For Haemophilus influenzae, MICs of quinupristin/dalfopristin clustered near the tentative breakpoints; 91.5% of the MICs were 2.0 to 8.0 μg/ml. This precluded satisfactory performance of the disk diffusion test in discriminating between resistant and susceptible isolates unless MIC breakpoints are modified for this species: clinical experience will be needed before that can be justified. Based on data from a multilaboratory study, the following quality control limits are proposed for Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 when testing quinupristin/dalfopristin: 0.25 to 1.0 μg/ml for broth microdilution tests and 19 to 24 mm for disk diffusion tests. For tests of Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 29247, MIC limits are 2.0 to 16 μg/ml; disk tests were very reproducible but are not yet recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01691118
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Provisional quality control parameters and interpretive criteria for testing susceptibility ofStreptococcus pneumoniae andHaemophilus influenzae to quinupristin/dalfopristin (RP59500) (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 17 (1998), S. 197-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Keywords: Quinupristin/dalfopristin ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Haemophilus influenzae ; Quality control ; Susceptibility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Studies were undertaken to select tentative criteria for susceptibility testing of quinupristin/dalfopristin againstStreptococcus pneumoniae andHaemophilus influenzae. Against 612 isolates ofStreptococcus pneumoniae, MICs of quinupristin/dalfopristin were ≤1.0 μg/ml for all but one strain. With a tentative MIC breakpoint of either ≤ 1.0 μg/ml or ≤2.0 μg/ml for susceptible, a disk diffusion zone diameter breakpoint of ≥19 mm embraced all but two of the susceptible pneumococci; ≥16 mm included all strains. ForHaemophilus influenzae, MICs of quinupristin/dalfopristin clustered near the tentative breakpoints; 91.5% of the MICs were 2.0 to 8.0 μg/ml. This precluded satisfactory performance of the disk diffusion test in discriminating between resistant and susceptible isolates unless MIC breakpoints are modified for this species: clinical experience will be needed before that can be justified. Based on data from a multilaboratory study, the following quality control limits are proposed forStreptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 49619 when testing quinupristin/dalfopristin: 0.25 to 1.0 μg/ml for broth microdilution tests and 19 to 24 mm for disk diffusion tests. For tests ofHaemophilus influenzae ATCC 29247, MIC limits are 2.0 to 16 μg/ml; disk tests were very reproducible but are not yet recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01691118
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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