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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 34 (1995), S. 293-300 
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: rats ; hepatocytes ; cAMP-cascade ; metallothionein ; epinephrine ; norepinephrine ; glucagon ; isoproterenol ; dibutyryl-cAMP ; Ratten ; Hepatocyten ; cAMP-Effektorsystem ; Metallothionein ; Adrenalin ; Noradrenalin ; Glukagon ; Isoproterenol ; Dibutyryl-cAMP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Am Modell primärer Rattenhepatocytenkulturen wurde die Beteiligung von Agonisten des cAMP-Effektorsystems am Metabolismus von Metallothionein (MT) untersucht. Alle Experimente wurden in DMEM/F12 (Ham)-Medium nach 24stündiger Vorinkubation mit 5 % fetalem Kälberserum (FCS) und 20 µM Zn durchgeführt. Zur Untersuchung einer möglichen Beteiligung von cAMP-Effektoren am MT-Metabolismus wurde das Nährmedium zusätzlich mit Adrenalin (100 µM), Noradrenalin (100 µM), Glukagon (1 µM) und Isoproterenol (1–1000 µM) sowie dem synthetischen cAMP-Analogon Dibutyryl-cAMP (500 µM) versetzt. Die Konzentration an MT im Zellhomogenat wurde mittels109Cd-Bindungsassay bestimmt. Die Vitalität der Kulturen wurde über die Freisetzung der Aktivität der Laktatdehydrogenase (LDH) ins Nährmedium und der Anfärbbarkeit der Zellen mit Trypanblau nachgewiesen. Isoproterenol und Glukagon führten zu einem signifikanten Anstieg der cytosolischen MT-Konzentration von bis zu 50 %. Im Gegensatz hierzu konnte weder nach Applikation von Adrenalin noch Noradrenalin eine signifikante Veränderung der MT-Synthese beobachtet werden. Die zusätzliche Supplementierung von Theophyllin (10–1000 µM) und Propranolol (1–100 µM) als Hemmer der Phosphodiesterase bzw. von β-Rezeptoren zeigte ebenfalls keine Effekte. Die Überprüfung der regulatorischen Mechanismen auf transkriptionaler und translationaler Ebene mittels Cycloheximid (0,1–500 µM) und Actinomycin D (0,1–100 µM) ließ eine vollständige Inhibierung des durch die Agonisten provozierten MT-Anstieges erkennen. Generell niedrige LDH-Aktivitäten, vor allem in Verbindung mit Isoproterenol, waren Zeichen einer guten Vitalität des Systems. Die vorliegende Untersuchung zeigt, daß die cAMP-Effektoragonisten Isoproterenol und Glukagon einen voneinander unabhängigen Effekt auf den Metabolismus von MT ausüben. Dabei ist der zu beobachtende MT-Anstieg auf einede novo Synthese des Proteins zurückzuführen, da eine Hemmung mittels Actinomycin D möglich ist. Trotzdem muß die Beteiligung von cAMP-Effektoren am Metabolismus von MT bezweifelt werden, da weder nach Supplementierung des Phosphodiesterasehemmers Theophyllin noch des synthetischen cAMP-Analogons Dibutyryl-cAMP eine Stimulation des Systems beobachtet werden konnte.
    Notes: Summary The model of rat primary hepatocytes incubated in DMEM/F12 (Ham) medium was used for studying the influence of the cAMP-effectors epinephrine (100 µM), norepinephrine (100 µM), glucagon (1 µM) and isoproterenol (1–1000 µM) as well as the synthetic cAMP-analogon dibutyryl-cAMP on the metabolism of metallothionein. Liver parenchymal cells isolated by a two-step collagenase perfusion were incubated with DMEM/F12 containing 5 % (v/v) fetal calf serum (FCS) and 20 µM zinc in Petri dishes. Experiments were initiated after a 24 h equilibration period by adding the agonists for 18 h. MT in hepatocyte homogenates was quantified by the109Cd-hemoglobin-binding assay. Cell viability was assessed by the activity of the cytosolic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) liberated into the culture medium and by trypan blue exclusion. Isoproterenol and glucagon produced a significant increase of cytosolic MT about 50 %. In contrast, incubation with epinephrine and norepinephrine did not lead to any significant effects in the amount of hepatic metallothionein. Simulating the influence of cAMP by dibutyryl-cAMP (500 µM) did not affect the content of hepatic metallothionein. To examine transcriptional and translational regulatory effects supplementation of cycloheximide (0.1–500 µM) and actinomycin D (0.1–100 µM) showed a total inhibition of the agonist induced amounts. Particularly in combination with isoproterenol low LDH activities reflected a high viability of hepatocytes. In conclusion, in primary hepatocyte cultures cAMP-mobilizing-agonists like isoproterenol and glucagon indicate an independent effect on the MT-metabolism. This is possibly due to thede novo synthesis of the protein because suppression by actinomycin D can be observed. However, cAMP-effectors do not seem to be involved in the induction of metallothionein because theophylline and dibutyryl-cAMP did not affect MT-metabolism by suppressing the phosphodiesterase or by stimulating the cAMP-cascade.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Key words bis-Aminomethyl anthrachinones ; Adverse effects ; Mucopolysaccharidosis ; Sulfated glycosaminoglycans ; Tilorone ; Anthrachinones
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Several immunomodulatory drugs, all of them symmetrically substituted dicationic amphiphilic compounds, are known to cause lysosomal storage of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in intact animals and cultured fibroblasts. The storage is due to impaired GAG degradation. The standard compound is tilorone (2,7-bis[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]fluoren-9-one). In the present study two bis-aminomethyl anthrachinones were examined for their ability to induce lysosomal GAG storage in cultured bovine corneal fibroblasts. For reference, a bis-aminoethoxy-anthrachinone compound (RMI-10.024) was included, which is known to be a potent inducer of lysosomal GAG storage. The present morphological, radiochemical, and biochemical results show that the bis-aminomethyl anthrachinone compounds investigated cause lysosomal storage of GAGs, although with significantly lower potencies than the bis-aminoethoxy anthrachinone. Dermatan sulfate contributed approximately 90% to the drug-induced increment of intracellular GAGs. The present results suggest that the length of the side chains, i. e., the distance between the aromatic ring system and the protonizable nitrogen of the side chains, and the position of the side chains relative to the aromatic ring system are important molecular features influencing the potency of inducing lysosomal GAG storage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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