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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neural Activity of the Subthalamic Nucleus in Parkinson's Disease Patients (1998)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 140 (1998), S. 1287-1291 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Parkinson's disease; subthalamic nucleus; stereotactic surgery.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  The neural activity pattern of the subthalmic nucleus (STN) was investigated in five patients with Parkinson's disease who were scheduled for electrode implantation for chronic stimulation of the STN.  The initial target was placed 8 mm or 10 mm lateral to the midline, 3 mm to 4 mm posterior to the midcommissural point, and 5 mm to 6 mm below the intercommissural (AC-PC) line. The STN was identified by semi-microelectrode recordings with a trajectory moving laterally in 2-mm steps. The amplitudes of multi-unit activities were relatively low at depths from 8 mm to 5 mm above and from 1 mm to 4 mm below the target, while those 4 mm to 0 mm above the target were significantly higher than at the other sites (ANOVA, Fisher's test, p〈0.05), with the highest amplitude at 2 mm above the target (91.0±23.3μv, n=15). In the mediolateral direction, amplitudes were relatively higher in the lateral portion, and amplitudes at 14 mm lateral to the midline were significantly higher than at the other sites (ANOVA, Fisher's test, p〈0.05). The target for chronic electrical stimulation was determined to be at the midpoint of the hyperactive STN, i.e., 12 mm lateral to the midline in three patients and 13 mm lateral in two patients. Movement-related neural activity was observed at 5 sites, i.e., 3 sites responded to passive movement of the contralateral wrist and 2 sites to passive knee and/or ankle movement.  In conclusion, our data show that the lateral part of the STN is hyperactive in PD, and recordings of neural activities contributed greatly to identifying the STN and determining the target for chronic stimulation within it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050251
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and characterization of the human UDP-N-acetylglucosamine: α-1,3-D-mannoside β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase IV-homologue (hGnT-IV-H) gene (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of human genetics 44 (1999), S. 397-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-232X
    Keywords: Key words N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase ; Fetal brain ; Adult brain ; Heart ; Testis ; Chromosomal band 12q21
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A novel human gene determining a polypeptide product of 478 residues with an estimated molecular mass of 55 kDa, which has significant homology and structural similarity to Bos UDP-N-acetylglucosamine: α-1,3-D-mannoside β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (GnT-IV), was cloned from the commonly deleted region in pancreatic cancer at 12q21. The gene is composed of at least six exons, and the last three exons cover the open reading frame. Different sized transcripts, 3.8-kb in the heart, brain, and fetal brain and 2.8-kb and 1.7-kb in the testis were observed by Northern blot analysis. By reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, expression was also observed in the adult brain, liver, and adrenal gland, but not in pancreas. Because of its significant homology and structural similarity to Bos GnT-IV, it is potentially the gene encoding human GnT-IV or its homologue, which had been one of two genes remaining to be cloned in the human GnT family.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100380050186
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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