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  • 1995-1999  (6)
  • Rice  (6)
  • Amino acid sequence
  • pharmacokinetics
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words RFLP markers ; Days-to-heading ; QTL analysis ; Rice ; Epistatic interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis has been carried out to identify genes conferring heading date in rice. One hundred and eighty six F2 plants derived from a cross between a japonica variety, Nipponbare, and an indica variety, Kasalath, were used as a segregating population for QTL mapping and more than 850 markers were employed to identify QTLs. Scan-analysis revealed the existence of two QTLs with large effects, Hd-1 and Hd-2, one in the middle of chromosome 6 and one at the end of chromosome 7, respectively. For both loci, the Kasalath alleles reduced days-to-heading. In addition, three QTLs with minor effects, Hd-3, Hd-4 and Hd-5, were found to be located on chromosomes 6, 7 and 8 based on a secondary scan analysis which was carried out by removing the phenotypic effects of Hd-1 and Hd-2. For the three secondary loci, the Nipponbare alleles reduced days-to-heading. The five QTLs explained 84% of the total phenotypic variation in the F2 population based on a multiple-QTL model. The presence of a digenic interaction between Hd-1 and Hd-2 was clearly suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Gametophyte gene ; Genetic map ; Hybrid sterility gene ; Rice ; Segregation distortion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have constructed a high-resolution rice genetic map containing 1383 DNA markers covering 1575 cM on the 12 linkage groups of rice using 186 F2 progeny from a cross between a japonica variety, ‘Nipponbare’, and an indica variety, ‘Kasalath’. Using this high-resolution molecular linkage map, we detected segregation distortion in a single wide cross of rice. The frequencies of genotypes for 1181 markers with more than 176 genotype data were plotted along this map to detect segregation distortion. Several types of distorted segregation were observed on 6 of the chromosomes. We could detect 11 major segregation distortions at ten positions on chromosomes 1, 3, 6, 8, 9, and 10. The strongest segregation distortion was at 107.2 cM on chromosome 3 and may be the gametophyte gene 2 (ga-2). The ‘Kasalath’ genotype at this position was transmitted to the progeny with about a 95% probability through the pollen gamete. At least 8 out of the 11 segregation distortions detected here are new. The use of the high-resolution molecular linkage map for improving our understanding of the genetic nature and cause of these segregation distortions is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Regeneration ability ; QTL ; Rice ; Oryza sativa L. ; Seed callus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling the regeneration ability of rice seed callus were detected using 245 RFLP markers and 98 BC1F5 lines derived from two varieties, ‘Nipponbare’ and ‘Kasalath’. Regeneration ability was evaluated by two indices: average number of regenerated shoots per callus (NRS) and regeneration rate (RR). The BC1F5 lines showed continuous segregation for both indices. Five putative QTL for NRS (tentatively named qRg1, qRg2, qRg4a, qRg4b and qRg4c) located on chromosomes 1, 2 and 4 were detected. Digenic interaction among these detected QTL was not significant (P〈0.01). Among the five QTL detected, four ‘Kasalath’ alleles and one ‘Nipponbare’ allele increased NRS. According to an estimate based on the nearest marker loci, the five QTL accounted for 38.5% of the total phenotypic variation of the BC1F5 lines. For RR, four putative QTL were detected on chromosomes 2 and 4, and all of these were in the same chromosomal regions as the NRS QTL. The four RR QTL accounted for 32.6% of the total phenotypic variation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Plant disease resistance ; Rice ; Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae ; YAC
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Map-based cloning methods have been applied for isolation of Xa-1, one of the bacterial blight resistance genes in rice.Xa-1 was previously mapped on chromosome 4 using molecular markers. For positional cloning of Xa-1, a high-resolution genetic map was made for theXa-1 region using an F2 population of 402 plants and additional molecular markers. Three restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers, XNpb235, XNpb264 and C600 were found to be linked tightly to Xa-1, with no recombinants, and U08 750 was mapped 1.5 cM from Xa-1. The screening of a yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) library using theseXa-1-linked RFLP markers resulted in the identification of ten contiguous YAC clones. Among these, one YAC clone, designated Y5212, with an insert of 340 kb, hybridized with all three tightly linked markers. This YAC was confirmed to possess the Xa-1 allele by mapping the Xa-1 gene between both end clones of this YAC (Y5212R and Y5212L).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Saturation mapping ; Yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) ; Rice ; Pi-b ; Blast disease resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Saturation mapping of a very small genomic region is indispensable for map-based cloning. We applied a method based on sub-cloning and the Southern-hybridization technique for generating RFLP markers directly from yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs). Two YACs overlapping each other and covering the locus of the rice blast resistance gene, Pi-b, were used to construct a plasmid sub-library. Rice-specific and single-copy clones suitable as probes for RFLP analysis were selected from this sub-library by hybridization to the blots of digested DNAs of rice, YACs, and yeast. As a result, 22 markers were produced within a small chromosomal region including Pi-b. This case study shows that overlapping YACs known to cover the gene of interest are very useful in fine-scale physical mapping leading to map-based cloning of the target gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Genetic map ; Physical map ; Map-based gene cloning ; Disease resistance ; Rice ; DNA markers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The recessive gene, xa13, confers resistance to Philippine race 6 (PXO99) of the bacterial blight pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae. Fine genetic mapping and physical mapping were conducted as initial steps in an effort to isolate the gene. Using nine selected DNA markers and two F2 populations of 132 and 230 plants, xa13 was fine-mapped to a genomic region 〈4 cM on the long arm of rice chromosome 8, flanked by two RFLP markers, RG136 and R2027. Four DNA markers, RG136, R2027, S14003, and G1149, in the target region were used to identify bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones potentially harboring the xa13 locus from a rice BAC library. A total of 11 BACs were identified, forming four separate contigs including a single-clone contig, 29I3, associated with the RG136 STS marker, the S14003 contig consisting of four clones (44F8, 41O2, 12A16, and 12F20), the G1149 contig with two clones, 23D11 and 21H18, and the R2027 contig consisting of four overlapping clones, 42C23, 30B5, 6B7 and 21H14. Genetic mapping indicated that the xa13 locus was contained in the R2027 contig. Chromosomal walking on the R2027 contig resulted in two more clones, 33C7 and 14L3. DNA fingerprinting showed that the six clones of the R2027 contig were overlapping. Clone 44F8 hybridized with a single fragment from the clone 14L3, integrating the R2027 and S14003 contigs into a single contig consisting of ten BAC clones with a total size of approximately 330 kb. The physical presence of the xa13 locus in the contig was determined by mapping the ends of the BAC inserts generated by TAIL-PCR. In an F2 population of 230 plants, the BAC-end markers 42C23R and 6B7F flanked the xa13 locus. The probes 21H14F and 21H14R derived from BAC clone 21H14 were found to flank xa13 at a distance of 0.5 cM on either side, using a second F2 population of 132 plants. Thus, genetic mapping indicated that the contig and the 96-kb clone, 21H14, contained the xa13 locus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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