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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 24 (1998), S. 152-156 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Polymorphonuclear cells ; Mononuclear cells ; CD11b ; CD16 ; CD25 ; Trauma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To investigate the alternations of surface antigens of leukocytes after severe injury and the correlation with clinical outcome. Setting: Emergency Department and Intensive Care Unit of a university hospital. Patients: Patients with severe trauma (injury severity score 〉 16) were enrolled. Those who were transferred or had critical injuries were excluded. Measurements and results: Polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and mononuclear cells (MN) were isolated from patients on the 1st, 3rd and 7th day following injury. The mean fluorescent expressions of CD11b and CD16 of PMN, and CD25 of MN were measured and compared with those obtained from paralleled controls. Sixteen injured patients were included. The CD11b expressions of PMN increased on the 1st day and were still high on the 7th day. The CD16 expressions decreased on the 1st day and CD25 decreased on the 3rd day; both were still low on the 7th day. Six patients developed infectious complications. CD11b expression remained high and CD16 expression remained low on three measurements of the infectious patients, whereas both expressions recovered on the last measurement of non-infectious patients. CD25 expression remained low in both groups. Three infectious patients with pneumonia died from mutiple organ failure. Conclusion: Phenotypic alternations of leukocytes develop early after severe injury. The alternations may represent a state of activation of PMN and subsequent suppression of IL-2 related immunity. Persistent activation of PMN with enhanced CD11b and attenuated CD16 expression indicates the development of infectious complications and a poor prognosis can be anticipated if the infectious sites can not be controlled early.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Chlorophyll fluorescence ; Kanamycin resistance screening ; Tobacco ; Arabidopsis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The applicability of a chlorophyll fluorescence assay for kanamycin (Km) resistance screening in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and Arabidopsis thaliana plants was investigated. In wild-type leaves incubated in the presence of 200 mg/l Km, a decrease in maximum variable fluorescence ((Fv)m) and a significant increase in constant fluorescence (Fo) were observed. Using (Fv)m/Fo as a screening parameter, we were able to distinguish Km-treated samples from untreated samples within 4 days. This parameter was applied to Km resistance screening using tobacco plants transformed with the nptII gene via Agrobacterium. Among 74 shoots selected on medium containing 200 mg/l Km, 37 plants were scored as Km sensitive by the chlorophyll fluorescence assay. These 74 scorings proved to be accurate, as reconfirmed by (1) polymerase chain reaction amplification of the transgene, (2) enzymatic assay of neomycin phosphotransferase and (3) leaf disc assay. Using the chlorophyll fluorescence assay, we could also screen 3-week old Arabidopsis plants carrying the nptII gene. These results clearly demonstrate the reliability and efficiency of this nondestructive assay for Km resistance screening of transgenic plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 23 (1996), S. 637-660 
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: wave-body interaction ; integral equation ; irregular frequency ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Numerical techniques for the analysis of wave-body interactions are developed by the combined use of two boundary integral equation formulations. The velocity potential, which is expressed in a perturbation expansion, is obtained directly from the application of Green's theorem (the ‘potential formulation’), while the fluid velocity is obtained from the gradient of the alternative form where the potential is represented by a source distribution (the ‘source formulation’). In both formulations, the integral equations are modified to remove the effect of the irregular frequencies.It is well known from earlier works that if the normal velocity is prescribed on the interior free surface, inside the body, an extended boundary integral equation can be derived which is free of the irregular frequency effects. It is shown here that the value of the normal velocity on the interior free surface must be continuous with that outside the body, to avoid a logarithmic singularity in the source strength at the waterline. Thus the analysis must be carried out sequentially in order to evaluate the fluid velocity correctly: first for the velocity potential and then for the source strength.Computations are made to demonstrate the effectiveness of the extended boundary integral euations in the potential and source formulations. Results are shown which include the added-mass and damping coefficients and the first-order wave-exciting forces for simple three-dimensional bodies and the second-order forces on a tension-leg-platform. The latter example illustrates the importance of removing irregular frequency effects in the context of second-order wave loads.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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