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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Vascular endothelial growth factor ; Brain tumor ; Astrocytoma ; Angiogenesis ; Vascularization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Marked neovascularization is a hallmark of many neoplasms in the nervous system. Recent reports indicate that the endothelial mitogen vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) may play a critical role in the regulation of vascular endothelial proliferation in malignant gliomas. Using novel monoclonal antibodies to the VEGF polypeptide we have determined the expression and cellular distribution of VEGF protein in a representative series of 171 human central nervous system (CNS) tumors by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. In agreement with previous in situ hybridization data, 19 out of 20 glioblastomas (95%) showed immunoreactivity for VEGF, whereas both the percentage of immunoreactive tumors and the extent of immunoreactivity for VEGF were significantly lower in astrocytomas. Of the pilocytic astrocytomas (WHO grade I) 44% were immunoreactive for VEGF, but we observed several cases with pronounced vascular proliferates in the absence of VEGF. In ependymomas, meningiomas, hemangioblastomas, and primitive neuroectodermal tumors, there was no correlation between VEGF expression, vascular endothelial proliferation and the grade of malignancy. Oligodendrogliomas and the oligodendroglial component of mixed gliomas lacked immunoreactive VEGF, indicating that endothelial growth factors other than VEGF may regulate tumor angiogenesis in these neoplasms. Western blot analysis showed a predominant VEGF protein species of 23 kDa and confirmed the immunohistochemical data in all cases. Our findings demonstrate that VEGF is expressed in a wide spectrum of brain tumors in which it may induce neovascularization. However, other angiogenic factors also appear to contribute to the vascularization of CNS neoplasms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 55 (1995), S. 1193-1196 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A series of block copolymers from D,L-lactide and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) with different molecular weight were synthesized by using Al(i-Bu)3—H3PO4—H2O as the initiator and identified by 1H-NMR, GPC, and DSC. The elongation at break of the material increased when PEG was introduced, but the strength of the material decreased. The copolymers degrade more smoothly in vitro than did the PLA homopolymer. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 48 (1997), S. 455-457 
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: In situ conductivity measurements on the low band-gap polymer, poly-4-dicyanomethylene-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4,b′]dithiophene have provided both p- and n-type conductivities as a function of the potential. A minimum in the conductivity, at a potential between the formal potentials for p- and n-doping, yields an intrinsic conductivity of 1.0 × 10-8 S cm-1, consistent with the optical band-gap of ∼0.8 eV.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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