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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 19 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Coil springs made of silicon nitride (Si3N4), which has higher strength and heat resistance than other ceramics, have recently been developed. By examining the range of strengths and the heat resistance of the coil springs, it is shown that the coil springs can be used at temperatures up to 1000°C. We derive an equation to calculate the effective volumes of coil springs and examine the influence of size on the strength of coil springs. In addition, using a process zone size failure criterion, proof tests were conducted and analysed. The results show that the mean strength of coil springs decreases with increasing effective volume. Therefore the strength of coil springs can be estimated from the value of the effective volume, and this relationship can be applied in design calculations. Furthermore, by conducting proof tests, coil springs that have relatively large defects can be eliminated and so only highly reliable coil springs can be placed in service.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 34 (1999), S. 1301-1311 
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract It is often desired to conveniently estimate the strength of materials by using specimens with small sizes. For this purpose, axial compression bending tests were examined by using carbon films and carbon fiber/epoxy resin unidirectional composite strands. The bending strength estimated from the axial displacement and the compression load coincided with the bending strength estimated from the deflection and the compression load. The carbon films showed specimen length dependence of the bending strength. The carbon fiber composite strand with a short specimen length produced a falling load compression curve. It was shown that the bending strength of the specimens showing falling load compression curves can be practically estimated by using the effective cross-section sizes at fracture. This analysis method is preferable also in order to minimize the error in the bending strength caused by the error in the cross-section size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: Key words Endothelin – non-selective ET1 blockade – sarcoplasmic reticulum – infarct size – arrhythmia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of non-selective endothelin blockade (TAK-044) in ischemic myocardial injury. Forty anesthetized rats were separated into four groups: 1) TAK-I group, after preinjection of TAK-044 (3 mg/kg), LAD was ligated for 60 min and reperfused for 60 min; 2) Saline (SAL)-I group, LAD ligation and reperfusion without TAK-044; 3) TAK-C group, sham operated TAK group; 4) SAL-C group, sham-operated SAL group. Myocardium from each group was separated and analyzed by biochemical and ultrastructural procedures. Reperfusion arrhythmia (VT) was observed in 88 % of the SAL-I Group, in contrast to only 36% of the TAK-I group. At the end of reperfusion, hemodynamics indicated no significant differences between these two groups. The Ca++-ATPase activity of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) was 3.9µmoles Pi/mg protein/h (39 % of SAL-C group) in the SAL-I group, while that in the TAK-I group was significantly higher at 6.1 (54%). The ratio of infarct/risk area was 58% in the SAL-I group and 36% in the TAK-I group. In the ultrastructural observations, irreversibly injured cells of the ischemic portion were reduced significantly from 35% (SAL-I group) to 14% (TAK-I group). Thus, our results indicated that endothelin blockade reduced ischemic cellular injury. The mechanism of this reduction was speculated to be a restistance to ischemic injury in the subcellular levels of the myocardium conferred by a reduction of vascular constriction and improvement of imbalance in the energy supply and demand.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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