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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Keywords: Bone ultrasound ; Osteoporosis fractures ; Race ; Ethnicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The lower fracture rates among African-American women relative to Caucasian women may reflect their higher bone mass. However, bone mass is not the only determinant of bone strength: the quality and microarchitecture of the bone are also important. Quantitative ultrasound is believed to measure properties of bone strength that are independent of bone mass. To test the hypothesis that there are racial differences in quantitative ultrasound measures of bone, we recruited 154 African-American women age ⩾65 years. A random sample of 300 Caucasian women participating in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was chosen for comparison. The Walker Sonix UBA 575+ was used to measure calcaneal broadband ultrasonic attenuation (BUA). Duplicate BUA measurements were obtained with a reproducibility of 5%. We measured bone mineral density (BMD) of the hip and calcaneus using single (calcaneus) or dual (hip) energy X-ray absorptiometry. The correlation between BUA and calcaneal BMD was similar in Caucasians (r=0.66,p〈0.001) and African-Americans (r=0.58,p〈0.001). Age-adjusted BUA (dB/MHz) was higher among the African-American women than Caucasian women (69.1 and 66.2, respectively), but these differences were not statistically significant, (p=0.12). Adjustment for calcaneal BMD completely attenuated the racial differences in BUA. BMD at the femoral neck and calcaneus was higher among the African-American women, even after adjusting for age, height and weight. In conclusion, our results suggest that racial differences in rates of fracture cannot be explained by differences in bone quality as assessed by ultrasound attenuation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Genetics — Osteoporosis — Quantitative ultrasound — Alpha-2-HS glycoprotein — Polymorphism.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) is an independent predictor of hip and vertebral fractures. BUA is under genetic control, but the specific genes contributing to BUA are not well defined. We examined the relationship between genetic variation in α2HS-glycoprotein (AHSG), an abundant noncollagenous protein of bone matrix, and calcaneal BUA. Genetic polymorphism in AHSG was determined in 222 Caucasian women (age 66–92) enrolled in the Pittsburgh Study of Osteoporotic Fractures clinical center by isoelectric focusing of serum samples. Calcaneal BUA and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured on the same foot with a Walker Sonix UBA 575+ and single X-ray absorptiometry. Hip and spine BMD were determined with a Hologic QDR-1000 densitometer using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. AHSG polymorphism was not significantly related to hip, lumbar spine, or calcaneal BMD. Compared with the homozygous AHSG*2 women, calcaneal BUA was 13% lower in heterozygous (P 〈 0.05) and 16% lower in homozygous AHSG*1 women (P 〈 0.05). This relationship persisted after controlling for age, weight, height, walks for exercise, and calcaneal BMD. Current and self-reported height were also lowest in homozygous AHSG*1 women, intermediate in heterozygous women, and highest among homozygous AHSG*2 subjects. These results suggest that the AHSG polymorphism may contribute to the genetic influence on calcaneal BUA and stature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: Hodgkin's disease ; immunohistochemistry ; in situ hybridization ; liver transplantation ; post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Here we describe the case of a 14-year-old boy who underwent livertransplantation for post-Kasai biliary atresia when aged 4. Antirejectiontreatment consisted of prednisone and cyclosporine. At the age of 11 years thepatient developed left cervical lymphadenopathy; the biopsy showed classicalHodgkin's disease(HD) of the mixed cellularity (MC) type. Neoplastic cellsexpressed CD30 and CD15, and were negative for CD45, CD20, CD3, CD43, andCD79a. Furthermore, they carried the EBV-related products LMP1 and EBER1/2.Treatment consisted of three cycles of adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine andDTIC (ABVD), followed by radiotherapy (2,000 cGys) on involved fields. Atpresent, 42 months after the diagnosis of HD, the patient is still in completeremission. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first reported case ofclassical HD following liver transplantation. The positivity of neoplasticcells for LMP1 and EBER1/2 indicates a possible role for immunosuppression inthe development of the tumor, and whether a reduction in immunosuppressionmight have influenced the course of the disease is open to question.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 10 (1997), S. 317-331 
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: ceria ; titania ; corrosion-resistance ; coatings ; stainless steel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Powders and thin coatings of ceria and titania were synthesized from aqueous and solvent-based precursors. Thin coatings were deposited on polished 304 stainless steel coupons by dipping them in the appropriate sol-gel oxide precursors. The coatings were subsequently densified and crystallized at several hundreds of degrees. It was possible to obtain dense titania coatings by applying thin coatings of cerium dioxide prior to titania on stainless steel substrates. Underlayer ceria coatings proved to be pivotal in obtaining dense titania coatings and preserving the integrity of the stainless steel while going through the high temperature treatments. The effect of processing parameters such as the atmosphere of heat-treatment, and temperature on the microstructure and crystal structure of the films and powders of ceria and titania was investigated. X-ray diffraction was used to identify the crystal structure of films and powders upon heat-treatment. Electrochemical measurements in NaCl, and analytical techniques such as SEM and EDX were used to evaluate the corrosion performance and pitting morphology of coated samples. A composite coating of ceria and titania was able to prevent crevice corrosion and increase the pitting resistance of the 304 stainless steel relative to the uncoated substrate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 27 (1996), S. 618-621 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Plated steel sheets are increasing used for the manufactoring of heavy wear components. The analysis of wear allows to determine beforehand the wear charakteristic of plated steel sheets and to reach statements about the optimal inset possibilitys of the component parts.
    Notes: Plattierte Grobbleche werden zunehmend für die Fertigung großvolumiger Verschleißbauteile verwendet. Die Verschleißuntersuchungen dienen dazu, das Verschleißverhalten plattierter Grobbleche besser vorherzubestimmen und somit Aussagen über die optimalen Einsatzmöglichkeiten der Bauteile zu treffen.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Flocculation and stabilization ; zetapotential ; colloidal silica ; poly(diallyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride) ; copolymers of diallyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride and N-methyl-N-vinylacetamide ; photon correlation spectrometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  The stabilization and flocculation behavior of colloidal silica-particles with cationic polyelectrolytes (PE) is investigated. The zetapotentials, diffusion coefficients and flocculation rate constants of silica particles have been measured as a function of the adsorbed amount of cationic polyelectrolytes poly(diallyl-dimethyl-ammoniumchloride) (PDADMAC) of different molar masses and of statistic copolymers of DADMAC and N-methyl-N-vinyl-acetamide (NMVA) of various compositions at different salt concentrations and pH-values. Very fast flocculation due to van der Waals attraction occurs if the zetapotential is small. At low ionic strength this condition occurs just below the plateau of the adsorption isotherms where the surface charges are screened by adsorbed polycations. Additionally with high molecular polycations slow mosaic flocculation is observed at lower PE concentrations. At high ionic strength fast flocculation takes place at low macroion concentration due to the screening of the surface charges by adsorbed polycations and salt ions. At medium concentrations of polycations below plateau adorption slow bridging flocculation is observed. At plateau adsorption the suspensions become stabilized up to high ionic strength. At low salt concentration charge reversal at full coverage with polycations results in electrostatic repulsion. At high ionic strength the particles are stabilized sterically due to the osmotic repulsion of the long adsorbed PE tails. Therefore macroions of high molar mass are necessary to stabilize the suspension at high ionic strength.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1435-1285
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Schlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen – implantierbarer Defibrillator – ventrikuläre Tachyarrhythmien – kardiale Mortalität ; Key words Sleep related breathing disorders – implantable cardioverter-defibrillator – ventricular tachyarrhythmias – cardiac mortality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The purpose of our study was to determine the prevalence of sleep related breathing disorders (SRBD) in patients with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) and to evaluate prospectively the possible influence of SRBD on arrhythmia recurrence and circadian arrhythmia variation as well as on cardiac mortality during long-term follow-up. Forty consecutive ICD recipients with cardiac disease and a documented history of spontaneous, life-threatening, ventricular tachyarrhythmias underwent fullnight polysomnography and were followed for 2 years. In 16 of 40 patients (40%), SRBD were diagnosed (Apnea/Hypopnea Index (AHI) 〉10); in 9 of these 16 patients (56%) central sleep apneas (CSA) occurred (in 8 of these 9 patients in combination with Cheyne-Stokes respiration). Seven of the 16 patients with SRBD (44%) revealed obstructive sleep apneas (OSA). AHI was 32±15 (12–60) in patients with CSA and 32±27 (11–86) in patients with OSA. Patients with and without SRBD were comparable concerning left ventricular ejection fraction, NYHA classification, cardiac disease, ICD indication, and concomitant medication. ICD registered ventricular tachyarrhythmias occurred in 10 of 24 patients (42%) without SRBD, in 4 of 9 patients (44%) with CSA, and in 3 of 7 patients (44%) with OSA. The numbers and circadian variation of episodes registered during follow-up in patients without SRBD, with OSA or CSA were comparable (14±25, median 4 vs 15±15, median 7 vs 4±5, median 2.5). The 2-year cardiac mortality was highest in patients with CSA (4/9 (44%) vs 0/7 patients (0%) with OSA vs 3/24 patients (12.5%) without SRBD. Thus, the prevalence of SRBD in patients with chronic heart failure and a history of malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias is high (40%) and the occurrence of CSA seems to be predictive for cardiac mortality in these patients. An influence of moderate SRBD on arrhythmia recurrence and circadian variation of spontaneous sustained tachyarrhythmic events could not be demonstrated.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ziele der Studie waren einerseits eine Analyse der Prävalenz von schlafbezogenen Atmungsstörungen (SBAS) bei Patienten mit implantierbarem Kardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) und andererseits die prospektive Untersuchung des möglichen Einflusses von SBAS auf die Häufigkeit und zirkadiane Verteilung von Arrhythmierezidiven sowie auf die kardiale Mortalität im Langzeitverlauf. Vierzig konsekutive ICD-Patienten mit kardialer Grundkrankheit und dokumentierten malignen ventrikulären Tachyarrhythmien wurden polysomnographisch untersucht und anschließend 2 Jahre nachbeobachtet. Bei 16 von 40 Patienten (40%) wurden SBAS diagnostiziert (Apnoe-Hypopnoe-Index 〉10): bei 9 dieser 16 Patienten (56%) traten zentrale Schlafapnoen (ZSA) auf (bei 8 dieser 9 Patienten Cheyne-Stokes-Atmung) und bei 7 der 16 Patienten mit SBAS (44%) obstruktive Schlafapnoen (OSA). Der AHI betrug 32±15 (12–60) bei Patienten mit ZSA und 32±27 (11–86) bei Patienten mit OSA. Patienten mit und ohne SBAS waren vergleichbar bezüglich des Ausmaßes der linksventrikulären Funktionseinschränkung, NYHA-Klassifikation, kardialer Grunderkrankung, ICD-Indikation und begleitender Medikation. Defibrillatorregistrierte Arrhythmierezidive traten bei 10 von 24 Patienten (42%) ohne SBAS, bei 4 von 9 Patienten (44%) mit ZSA und bei 3 von 7 Patienten (44%) mit OSA auf. Anzahl und tageszeitliche Verteilung der registrierten Arrhythmien bei Patienten ohne SBAS, mit OSA und ZSA waren vergleichbar (14±25, Median 4 vs. 15±15, Median 7 vs. 4±5, Median 2,5). Die kardiale 2-Jahres-Mortalität war am höchsten bei Patienten mit ZSA (4/9 (44%) vs. 0/7 Patienten (0%) mit OSA vs. 3/24 Patienten (12,5%) ohne SBAS. Die Prävalenz von SBAS bei Patienten mit ICD ist also hoch, wobei das Auftreten von ZSA mit einer hohen kardialen Mortalität assoziiert ist. Ein Einfluß von mäßiggradigen SBAS auf die Häufigkeit und tageszeitliche Verteilung von Arrhythmierezidiven im Langzeitverlauf ist nicht nachweisbar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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