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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aflatoxin B1, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol production by Aspergillus parasiticus and Fusarium graminearum in interactive cultures on irradiated corn kernels (1998)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 142 (1998), S. 37-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Aflatoxin B1 ; zearalenone ; deoxynivalenol ; irradiated maize grain ; Fusarium graminearum ; Aspergillus parasiticus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The influence of inoculum size in the production of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZEN) and deoxynivalenol (DON) was determined when Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 3000 and Fusarium graminearum ITEM 124 were cultured alone and in pairs on irradiated corn kernels at 28 °C and 0.97 water activity (aw). The highest levels of AFB1 produced by A. parasiticus were produced at the lowest levels of the inoculum (103 spores/ml). No significant differences were observed in ZEN and DON production at any inoculum level during the experimental period. When A. parasiticus was co-inoculated with F. graminearum both to the same inocula (106 spores/ml), AFB1 inhibition percentage were 60, 72 and 56% at 10, 20 and 35 days of incubation respectively, while at 106 spores/ml the percentages of inhibition were 34, 84 and 93% at 10, 20 and 35 days. In the mixture cultures A. parasiticus 103 × F. graminearum 106 spores/ml the percentage of inhibition of AFB1 oscillated in 99% during all the incubation. In the interaction A. parasiticus 106 spores/ml × F. graminearum 103 spores/ml the accumulation of AFB1 decreased in 80, 94 and 86% at 10, 20 and 35 days of incubation respectively. In single culture F. graminearum was inoculated with 103 or 106 spores/ml and the highest levels of ZEN and DON were detected at 35 days of incubation. The levels oscillated in 538–622 μg/kg for ZEN and 870–834 μg/kg for DON respectively. In paired cultures there were no significant differences in the levels regardless of the spore concentrations during the incubation time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006972016955
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence of Aspergillus section Flavi and aflatoxin B1 in corn genotypes and corn meal in Argentina (1999)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 147 (1999), S. 37-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: corn genotypes ; corn meal ; Aspergillus flavus ; Aspergillus parasiticus ; aflatoxin B1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A study has been carried out in Argentina on samples of corn genotypes from a breeding station as well as in commercially available corn meal. All samples were analyzed for fungal infection and aflatoxin B1.Mycological analysis of corn genotypes showed the presence of three principal genera of filamentous fungi Fusarium (100%), Penicillium (67%) and Aspergillus (60%). In the genus Fusarium three species were identified, F. moniliforme (42%), F. nygamai (56%) andF. proliferatum (1.8%). Eight species ofPenicillium were identified, the predominant species isolated were P. minioluteum, P. funiculosum and P. variabile. In the genus ranked third in isolation frequency, two species were identified, A. flavus and A. parasiticus, the percentage of infection was 78% and 21%, respectively. Only one corn genotype was contaminated with aflatoxin B1 at a level of 5 ppb. The cornmeal samples showed great differences in fungal contamination, the values ranging from 1 × 101 to 7 × 105 cfu g−1. Fusarium (68%), Aspergillus (35%) and Penicillium (21%) were the most frequent genera isolated. Among the genus, Aspergillus, A. parasiticus (38%) was the most frequent species isolated. All the samples of corn meal were negative to aflatoxin B1. These results indicate a low degree of human exposure to aflatoxins in Argentina through the ingestion of maize or corn meal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007040123181
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Precise measurement of gamma-ray energies and gamma-ray emission probabilities in178m2Hf decay (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 215 (1997), S. 229-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Nowadays large interest is attached to the production of exotic beams and targets for nuclear structure and reaction studies. The nucleus178Hf, with is long-lived (T 1/2=31 years) high-spin isomeric statel π=16+ at a relatively low-excitation energy (2.446 MeV), is indeed a unique probe for studying phenomena in a new way. A wide research program has been underway in the framework of the “Hafnium Collaboration” which now concems around 80 scientists. Various targets have been prepared and adapted to different types of experiments. Irradiation processes with high-intensity beams, high-purity chemistry methods and isotopic separations have been developed. The obtaining of appreciable amounts of very high purity178m2Hf by isotopic separation, has made it possible for us to carry out γ-ray measurements with good statistics and high energy resolution with a γ-spectrometer, in order to use this isomer as a calibration standard in the 200 to 600 ke V energy range. For example, relative to the main γ-rays, energies have been determined with an absolute uncertainty of about 2 e V and photon emission probabilities with a relative uncertainty better than 1%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02034469
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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