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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 19 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract— The effect of variable amplitude loading on the initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks from shot peened and unpeened surfaces was investigated. The results confirm the well-known effect of shot peening, i.e. the increase of fatigue life in comparative tests under constant amplitude loading. Shot peening increases the time to crack initiation and also decreases crack propagation rate, particularly in the earlier stages of growth.Variable amplitude tests were of various kinds: (i) half-life at one stress level, followed by testing at the second stress level until failure, (ii) sequence loading at two stress levels, and (iii) a different number of overload cycles (1, 10, 100) following a given number of base amplitude cycles.The results of the two amplitude tests showed different behaviour depending on whether the first half-life cycles were of higher or lower stress levels. These results are explained in terms of crack density and crack coalescence. The extent of damage accumulation during block loading depends on the stress levels employed. The benefits of shot peening are compromised by high stress levels.Results from the overload tests showed that the interpretation of results is not straight forward. A combination of the theories of crack retardation and microstructural-fracture mechanics seems a necessary prerequisite in an explanation of the resultant behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Munksgaard : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 26 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. HLA DR4 antigens have been considered as a risk factor in periodontal disease. The aim of this “case control” study was to verify and to provide fuller clarification of such data. “Cases” or patients had to be aged between 20 and 48 years. They presented at least 5 sites spread over several teeth with an attachment loss equal or greater than 6 mm, and 10 sites spread over several teeth with periodontal pockets equal to or greater than 5 mm. Verification with a WHO probe showed an individual CPITN score of 4. Moreover, subjects whose average CPITN score for the 6 sextants was less than 3 were excluded from the study. Among these “severe periodontitis” patients, a subgroup was distinguished composed of subjects aged 20–35 years who presented, in accordance with the cases by Katz and co-workers, 5 or more teeth showing pocket depths of 6 mm or more. The dental chartings of these subjects showed an attachment loss of more than 3 mm on certain teeth over an inter-exam period of 1–3 years. They all displayed obvious loss of bony support in the affected sites. This constituted the “rapidly progressive periodontitis” subgroup. The “controls” were all over 20 years of age, and it was clinicically verified that they were free of periodontal disease. There were 48 “cases” and 55 “controls”. HLA typing of patients and controls was performed using “sequence oligoprobe hybridization after polymerase chain reaction” in accordance with the 11th International Workshop. This method allowed the detection of DR4 alleles as well as DR4 subtypes. The ethno-geographic origin of the subjects, considered as a confounding variable, was neutralized by stratified analysis. Subtypes 0401, 0404, 0405 and 0408 tended to be more frequent (p=0.08) in the cases (Severe Periodontitis). Focusing on analysis of “rapidly progressive periodontitis” in subjects aged 20–35 years, a very significant Mantel-Haenszel c2 was obtained (p=0.0058) which led to a Mantel-Haenszel standardized odds ratio (OR) equal to 17. The 95% confidence interval was 1.03〈0.R.〈180.10. In conclusion, this supports previous reports and gives further clarification: in particular subtypes 0401, 0404, 0405 and 0408 considered as a risk factor for “rapidly progressive periodontitis”. It should be noted that these determinants have been implicated in rheumatoid arthritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Facial palsy ; Faciohypoglossal anastomosis ; Trigeminal n. ; Skull base surgery ; N. repair ; Mandibular n.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract On account of the complex anatomy at the base of skull, surgery here may result in post operative cranial n. deficits. Facial palsy is often feared and its effects upon the patient’s psychological and emotional well-being can be catastrophic. The modest results and the side effects of the facio-hypoglossal anastomosis used for facial rehabilitation have led us to consider an anastomosis between a motor branch of the trigeminal n. and the facial n. Dissection has allowed us to demonstrate that the masseteric n. offers the characteristics and the relationships which should make such an anastomosis feasible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 21 (1999), S. 27-28 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Conclusion Si cette observation ne représente que la 19e a. sciatique persistante incomplète décrite, c'est sans doute que, outre leur rareté, peu d'entre elles ont été reconnues comme telles [14, 20]. Notre observation est le premier cas d'a. sciatique persistante de type III anévrismal [11, 14].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 21 (1999), S. 277-281 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Superficial femoral artery ; Collateral branch ; Vascular anastomosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'existence de la quatrième artère perforante de Paturet [7], branche collatérale de l'artère fémorale superficielle dans son tiers distal, est controversée. Cette artère n'a fait l'objet que de descriptions radio-anatomiques sur des artériographies réalisées dans un contexte d'artériopathie des membres inférieurs. Nous présentons une étude anatomique descriptive de cette artère observée dans 14 cas sur 32 dissections. Trois types de voie d'abord ont été utilisés : exposition de l'artère du muscle quadriceps fémoral jusqu'à sa terminaison dans le muscle vaste latéral, voie d'abord latérale « orthopédique » du tiers distal du fémur, voie d'abord vasculaire par incision médiale de l'axe fémoro-poplité au tiers inférieur de la cuisse. Ses rapports principaux sont décrits, passant en avant de la veine fémorale superficielle puis en arrière du fémur avant de se terminer dans le muscle vaste latéral. Ces rapports expliquent les anastomoses possibles avec les branches collatérales et terminales de l'artère profonde de la cuisse (artère du muscle vaste latéral, troisième artère perforante). La quatrième artère perforante de Paturet [7] doit être préservée en traumatologie et en chirurgie vasculaire. En effet, elle est le collecteur principal des anastomoses vasculaires entre l'artère profonde de la cuisse et l'axe fémoropolité en cas d'occlusion proximale de l'artère fémorale superficielle. Son sacrifice peut, dans ce cas, décompenser une artériopathie sous-jacente.
    Notes: Summary The existence of the fourth perforating artery of Paturet [7], a collateral branch of the superficial femoral artery in its lower third, is the subject of much debate. This artery has so far only been the subject of radio-anatomic descriptions based on arteriographies carried out within the context of arteriopathy of the lower limbs. We present a descriptive anatomic study of this artery based on 14 observations on 32 dissections. Three types of approach were carried out: exposure of the artery of the femoral quadriceps muscle up to its ending in the vastus lateralis; a lateral “orthopaedic” approach to the lower third of the femur; and a “vascular” approach by a medial incision to the femoro-popliteal axis in the lower third of the thigh. Its main relations are described, passing in front of the superficial femoral vein and then behind the femur before ending at the vastus lateralis muscle. These relations explain the possibility of anastomoses with collateral or terminal branches of the deep femoral artery (vastus lateralis artery, third perforating artery). The fourth perforating artery of Paturet [7] must be protected in traumatologic and vascular surgery. It is the main collector of vascular anastomoses between the deep femoral artery and the femoro-popliteal axis in the event of proximal occlusion of the superficial femoral artery. Its removal, in such a case, can aggravate an underlying arteriopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 21 (1999), S. 277-281 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Superficial femoral artery ; Collateral branch ; Vascular anastomosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The existence of the fourth perforating artery of Paturet [7], a collateral branch of the superficial femoral artery in its lower third, is the subject of much debate. This artery has so far only been the subject of radio-anatomic descriptions based on arteriographies carried out within the context of arteriopathy of the lower limbs. We present a descriptive anatomic study of this artery based on 14 observations on 32 dissections. Three types of approach were carried out: exposure of the artery of the femoral quadriceps muscle up to its ending in the vastus lateralis; a lateral “orthopaedic” approach to the lower third of the femur; and a “vascular” approach by a medial incision to the femoro-popliteal axis in the lower third of the thigh. Its main relations are described, passing in front of the superficial femoral vein and then behind the femur before ending at the vastus lateralis muscle. These relations explain the possibility of anastomoses with collateral or terminal branches of the deep femoral artery (vastus lateralis artery, third perforating artery). The fourth perforating artery of Paturet [7] must be protected in traumatologic and vascular surgery. It is the main collector of vascular anastomoses between the deep femoral artery and the femoro-popliteal axis in the event of proximal occlusion of the superficial femoral artery. Its removal, in such a case, can aggravate an underlying arteriopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Facial palsy ; Faciohypoglossal anastomosis ; Trigeminal n. ; Skull base surgery ; N. repair ; Mandibular n.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Une paralysie faciale périphérique est une séquelle difficilement acceptable pour les patients qui en sont victimes après certaines interventions neuro-chirurgicales ou oto-rhino-laryngologiques. Les résultats modestes et les inconvénients des anastomoses hypoglosso-faciales au cours des tentatives de réhabilitation faciale nous ont conduit à nous interroger sur la possibilité d'une anastomose entre une branche motrice du n. mandibulaire et le n. facial. Les dissections nous ont permis de montrer que le n. massétérique présente des caractéristiques macroscopiques et des rapports qui doivent permettre la réalisation de telles anatomoses.
    Notes: Summary On account of the complex anatomy at the base of skull, surgery here may result in post operative cranial n. deficits. Facial palsy is often feared and its effects upon the patient's psychological and emotional well-being can be catastrophic. The modest results and the side effects of the facio-hypoglossal anastomosis used for facial rehabilitation have led us to consider an anastomosis between a motor branch of the trigeminal n. and the facial n. Dissection has allowed us to demonstrate that the masseteric n. offers the characteristics and the relationships which should make such an anastomosis feasible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 21 (1999), S. 27-28 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Conclusion Si cette observation ne représente que la 19e a. sciatique persistante incomplète décrite, c'est sans doute que, outre leur rareté, peu d'entre elles ont été reconnues comme telles [14, 20]. Notre observation est le premier cas d'a. sciatique persistante de type III anévrismal [11, 14].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bioprocess and biosystems engineering 12 (1995), S. 47-53 
    ISSN: 1432-0797
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A 19.2 l multiplate anaerobic reactor (MPAR) was used to assess the impact of lime (Ca(OH)2) on the anaerobic treatment of whey permeate effluents. The amount of Ca(OH)2 required to maintain the pH of the whey permeate around 5 ranged between 3.0 and 4.5 kg/m3, which corresponded to concentration varying between 1.62 and 2.43 kg/m3. Soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency exceeded 92% with a methane production rate of 6.7 m3/m3.d. at an organic loading rate (OLR) as high as 20 kg COD/m3.d. Extended operation of the MPAR resulted in the accumulation of significant amounts of calcium precipitates in the sludge bed which reached after three months of operation 0.19, 0.25 and 0.33 kg Ca2+ per kg of suspended solid (SS) in the lower, the middle and the upper compartment of the MPAR, respectively. The volatile suspended solids to suspended solids ratio (VSS/SS) decreased from 0.83 in inoculum to 0.37, 0.22 and 0.08 in the lower, the middle and the upper compartment of the MPAR, respectively. As a result, the soluble COD reduction and the methane production rate decreased to 31% and to 2.3 m3/m3.d. respectively, at OLR of 20 kg COD/m3.d.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Arthroscopy ; Lateral superior genicular artery ; Lateral inferior genicular artery ; Hemarthrosis of the knee ; Lateral patellar retinacular release
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Arthroscopic lateral retinacular release can be complicated by hemarthrosis in 10 to 18% of cases. The vascular structures involved are the lateral vascular pedicles of the knee. This study examines the topography of these pedicles. Anatomic and radioanatomic studies carried out in 50 specimens defined the route of the vascular pedicles at the lateral aspect of the knee. From the measurements carried out, we noted the relative homogeneity of the routes taken by the different proximo-lateral vascular pedicles, which are highly vulnerable, and the variability of the disto-lateral arterial routes. A tracing-paper study identified two distinct routes for the disto-lateral vascular pedicle and evaluated the risk of injury to it in surgical approaches to the lateral aspect of the knee. Finally, the topographic data of the study suggest the possibility of preventive hemostasis of the proximo-lateral pedicle via a minimal approach close to the patella. Furthermore, it seems possible to avoid cutting the disto-lateral pedicle if it is localised by cutaneous trans-illumination at the beginning of the operation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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